capitular

English

Etymology 1

From Late Latin capitulāre, capitulārium, capitulārius, from Latin capitulum (“a small head, a chapter”).

Noun

capitular (plural capitulars)

1. An act passed in a chapter.
2. A member of a chapter.
   • 1726, John Ayliffe, Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani: Or, A Commentary, by Way of Supplement to the Canons and Constitutions of the Church of England. […], London: […] D. Leach, and sold by John Walthoe […], →OCLC:

     The chapter itself, and all its members or capitulars.

3. The head or prominent part.

Etymology 2

From Middle English capituler, from Medieval Latin capitulāris, from Latin capitulum (“a small head, a chapter”).

Adjective

capitular (not comparable)

1. (botany, anatomy) Pertaining to a capitulum.

   the capitular process of a vertebra

2. Pertaining to an ecclesiastical chapter.
   • 1855, Henry Hart Milman, History of Latin Christianity‎^[1]:

     From the pope to the member of the capitular body.

Derived terms

• capitularly
• circumcapitular
• coelocapitular

Catalan

Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Late Latin capitulāris. First attested in 1685.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern, Central) [kə.pi.tuˈlar]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [kə.pi.tuˈla]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ka.pi.tuˈlaɾ]
• IPA^(key): (Northwestern) [ka.pi.tuˈlar]
• Rhymes: -aɾ

Adjective

capitular m or f (masculine and feminine plural capitulars)

1. (relational, Christianity) (religious) chapter; capitular
2. (relational, botany) capitule, inflorescence; capitular

Noun

capitular m (plural capitulars)

1. (Christianity) capitular (member of a religious chapter)

Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Late Latin capitulārī. First attested in 1434.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern, Balearic, Central) [kə.pi.tuˈla]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ka.pi.tuˈlaɾ]
• IPA^(key): (Northwestern) [ka.pi.tuˈla]
• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

capitular (first-person singular present capitulo, first-person singular preterite capitulí, past participle capitulat)

1. (intransitive) to surrender, to capitulate
2. (transitive) to divide into chapters

Conjugation

    Central Catalan conjugation of capitular (first conjugation)

infinitive			capitular
gerund			capitulant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		capitulat		capitulada
		plural		capitulats		capitulades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	capitulo	capitules	capitula	capitulem	capituleu	capitulen
	imperfect	capitulava	capitulaves	capitulava	capitulàvem	capitulàveu	capitulaven
	future	capitularé	capitularàs	capitularà	capitularem	capitulareu	capitularan
	preterite	capitulí	capitulares	capitulà	capitulàrem	capitulàreu	capitularen
	conditional	capitularia	capitularies	capitularia	capitularíem	capitularíeu	capitularien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	capituli	capitulis	capituli	capitulem	capituleu	capitulin
	imperfect	capitulés	capitulessis	capitulés	capituléssim	capituléssiu	capitulessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	capitula	capituli	capitulem	capituleu	capitulin
	negative (no)	—	no capitulis	no capituli	no capitulem	no capituleu	no capitulin

Related terms

• capitulació

Further reading

• “capitular”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026

Portuguese

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ka.pi.tuˈla(ʁ)/ [ka.pi.tuˈla(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ka.pi.tuˈla(ʁ)/ [ka.pi.tuˈla(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ka.pi.tuˈla(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ka.pi.tuˈla(ʁ)/ [ka.pi.tuˈla(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /ka.pi.tuˈla(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐ.pi.tuˈlaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐ.pi.tuˈlaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐ.pi.tuˈla.ɾi/

Verb

capitular (first-person singular present capitulo, first-person singular preterite capitulei, past participle capitulado)

1. to capitulate, to surrender

Conjugation

    Conjugation of capitular (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	capitular
Personal	capitular	capitulares	capitular	capitularmos	capitulardes	capitularem
Gerund
	capitulando
Past participle
Masculine	capitulado			capitulados
Feminine	capitulada			capituladas
Indicative
Present	capitulo	capitulas	capitula	capitulamos	capitulais	capitulam
Imperfect	capitulava	capitulavas	capitulava	capitulávamos	capituláveis	capitulavam
Preterite	capitulei	capitulaste	capitulou	capitulamos1, capitulámos2	capitulastes	capitularam
Pluperfect	capitulara	capitularas	capitulara	capituláramos	capituláreis	capitularam
Future	capitularei	capitularás	capitulará	capitularemos	capitulareis	capitularão
Conditional	capitularia	capitularias	capitularia	capitularíamos	capitularíeis	capitulariam
Subjunctive
Present	capitule	capitules	capitule	capitulemos	capituleis	capitulem
Imperfect	capitulasse	capitulasses	capitulasse	capitulássemos	capitulásseis	capitulassem
Future	capitular	capitulares	capitular	capitularmos	capitulardes	capitularem
Imperative
Affirmative		capitula	capitule	capitulemos	capitulai	capitulem
Negative (não)		não capitules	não capitule	não capitulemos	não capituleis	não capitulem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ka.pi.tuˈlaʁ/ [ka.pi.tuˈlah]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ka.pi.tuˈlaʁ/ [ka.pi.tuˈlah]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ka.pi.tuˈlaɾ/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ka.pi.tuˈlaʁ/ [ka.pi.tuˈlaχ]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /ka.pi.tuˈlaɻ/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐ.pi.tuˈlaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐ.pi.tuˈlaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐ.pi.tuˈla.ɾi/

Adjective

capitular m or f (plural capitulares)

1. (relational) chapter (of an ecclesiastical body); capitular
2. (relational) capital, uppercase (of a letter)

Noun

capitular m or f by sense (plural capitulares)

1. member of an ecclesiastical chapter; capitular

Noun

capitular f (plural capitulares)

1. capital/uppercase letter, especially a drop cap

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ka.pi.tuˈlaʁ/ [ka.pi.tuˈlah]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ka.pi.tuˈlaʁ/ [ka.pi.tuˈlah]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ka.pi.tuˈlaɾ/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ka.pi.tuˈlaʁ/ [ka.pi.tuˈlaχ]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /ka.pi.tuˈlaɻ/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐ.pi.tuˈlaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐ.pi.tuˈlaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐ.pi.tuˈla.ɾi/

Adjective

capitular m or f (plural capitulares)

1. head-shaped

Further reading

• “capitular”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “capitular”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French capitulaire.

Adjective

capitular m or n (feminine singular capitulară, masculine plural capitulari, feminine/neuter plural capitulare)

1. capitular

Declension

Declension of capitular

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative- accusative	indefinite	capitular		capitulară	capitulari	capitulare
	definite	capitularul		capitulara	capitularii	capitularele
genitive- dative	indefinite	capitular		capitulare	capitulari	capitulare
	definite	capitularului		capitularei	capitularilor	capitularelor

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kapituˈlaɾ/ [ka.pi.t̪uˈlaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: ca‧pi‧tu‧lar

Verb

capitular (first-person singular present capitulo, first-person singular preterite capitulé, past participle capitulado)

1. (intransitive) to capitulate, to surrender

   Synonym: rendirse

Conjugation

    Conjugation of capitular (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			capitular
gerund			capitulando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		capitulado		capitulada
		plural		capitulados		capituladas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	capitulo	capitulastú capitulásvos	capitula	capitulamos	capituláis	capitulan
	imperfect	capitulaba	capitulabas	capitulaba	capitulábamos	capitulabais	capitulaban
	preterite	capitulé	capitulaste	capituló	capitulamos	capitulasteis	capitularon
	future	capitularé	capitularás	capitulará	capitularemos	capitularéis	capitularán
	conditional	capitularía	capitularías	capitularía	capitularíamos	capitularíais	capitularían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	capitule	capitulestú capitulésvos2	capitule	capitulemos	capituléis	capitulen
	imperfect (ra)	capitulara	capitularas	capitulara	capituláramos	capitularais	capitularan
	imperfect (se)	capitulase	capitulases	capitulase	capitulásemos	capitulaseis	capitulasen
	future1	capitulare	capitulares	capitulare	capituláremos	capitulareis	capitularen
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		capitulatú capitulávos	capitule	capitulemos	capitulad	capitulen
	negative		no capitules	no capitule	no capitulemos	no capituléis	no capitulen

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of capitular

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive capitular	dative	capitularme	capitularte	capitularle, capitularse	capitularnos	capitularos	capitularles, capitularse
	accusative	capitularme	capitularte	capitularlo, capitularla, capitularse	capitularnos	capitularos	capitularlos, capitularlas, capitularse
with gerund capitulando	dative	capitulándome	capitulándote	capitulándole, capitulándose	capitulándonos	capitulándoos	capitulándoles, capitulándose
	accusative	capitulándome	capitulándote	capitulándolo, capitulándola, capitulándose	capitulándonos	capitulándoos	capitulándolos, capitulándolas, capitulándose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative capitula	dative	capitúlame	capitúlate	capitúlale	capitúlanos	not used	capitúlales
	accusative	capitúlame	capitúlate	capitúlalo, capitúlala	capitúlanos	not used	capitúlalos, capitúlalas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative capitulá	dative	capitulame	capitulate	capitulale	capitulanos	not used	capitulales
	accusative	capitulame	capitulate	capitulalo, capitulala	capitulanos	not used	capitulalos, capitulalas
with formal second-person singular imperative capitule	dative	capitúleme	not used	capitúlele, capitúlese	capitúlenos	not used	capitúleles
	accusative	capitúleme	not used	capitúlelo, capitúlela, capitúlese	capitúlenos	not used	capitúlelos, capitúlelas
with first-person plural imperative capitulemos	dative	not used	capitulémoste	capitulémosle	capitulémonos	capitulémoos	capitulémosles
	accusative	not used	capitulémoste	capitulémoslo, capitulémosla	capitulémonos	capitulémoos	capitulémoslos, capitulémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative capitulad	dative	capituladme	not used	capituladle	capituladnos	capitulaos	capituladles
	accusative	capituladme	not used	capituladlo, capituladla	capituladnos	capitulaos	capituladlos, capituladlas
with formal second-person plural imperative capitulen	dative	capitúlenme	not used	capitúlenle	capitúlennos	not used	capitúlenles, capitúlense
	accusative	capitúlenme	not used	capitúlenlo, capitúlenla	capitúlennos	not used	capitúlenlos, capitúlenlas, capitúlense

Further reading

• “capitular”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025