dél

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See also: del, Del, dėl, -del, de l', Del., dēļ, and ␡

Hungarian[edit]

 dél on Hungarian Wikipedia
Compass rose

Etymology[edit]

Borrowing from an Oghur language, before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries), from Proto-Turkic *tüĺ (“noon”).[1] Compare Tuvan дүш (düş, “noon”), dialectal Turkish düş (“noon”).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈdeːl]
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -eːl

Noun[edit]

dél (countable and uncountable, plural delek)

  2. noon
  4. (singular only) south, abbreviated as D
    Coordinate terms: észak, kelet, nyugat

Usage notes[edit]

  • (noon):
Adverbs of temporal nouns     (see also: Appendix:Hungarian words of time)
no suffix (the noun
can act as an adverb)		 nappal (“daytime”), reggel (“early morning”), délelőtt (“late morning”), délután (“afternoon”), este (“evening”), éjjel / éjszaka (“night”), and vasárnap (“Sunday”)
-kor (“at”) pirkadat / virradat (“dawn”), napkelte (“sunrise”), napnyugta (“sunset”), alkonyat (“dusk”), szürkület (“twilight”), éjfél (“midnight”), hours and minutes, and the names of holidays (húsvét (“Easter”) etc.)
-ban/-ben (“in”) dél (“noon”), hajnal (“daybreak”), names of months (január–december) and hónap (“month”), évszak (“season”), év (“year”) and specific years, évtized (“decade”) and longer periods
-n/-on/-en/-ön (“on”) days of the week (hétfő–szombat) except Sunday, days of the month (elseje (“1st”), másodika (“2nd”) etc.), nap (“day”), hét (“week”), nyár (“summer”), and tél (“winter”)
-val/-vel (“with”, assimilated: -szal/-szel) tavasz (“spring”), ősz (“autumn, fall”)
  • (south): Names of compass points are not capitalized in Hungarian unless they refer to a given bloc of countries or states[2] or when they are part of a proper name (e.g. Nyugat-Szahara). However, their abbreviations are capitalized and have no dot at the end. (The dotted forms are the abbreviations of the related adjectives suffixed with ‑i.)

Declension[edit]

(noon):

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative dél delek
accusative delet deleket
dative délnek deleknek
instrumental déllel delekkel
causal-final délért delekért
translative déllé delekké
terminative délig delekig
essive-formal délként delekként
essive-modal — —
inessive délben delekben
superessive délen deleken
adessive délnél deleknél
illative délbe delekbe
sublative délre delekre
allative délhez delekhez
elative délből delekből
delative délről delekről
ablative déltől delektől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		délé deleké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		déléi delekéi
Possessive forms of dél
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. delem deleim
2nd person sing. deled deleid
3rd person sing. dele delei
1st person plural delünk deleink
2nd person plural deletek deleitek
3rd person plural delük deleik

(south):

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative dél —
accusative délt —
dative délnek —
instrumental déllel —
causal-final délért —
translative déllé —
terminative délig —
essive-formal délként —
essive-modal — —
inessive délben —
superessive délen —
adessive délnél —
illative délbe —
sublative délre —
allative délhez —
elative délből —
delative délről —
ablative déltől —
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		délé —
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		déléi —
Possessive forms of dél
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. délem —
2nd person sing. déled —
3rd person sing. délje —
1st person plural délünk —
2nd person plural déletek —
3rd person plural déljük —

Coordinate terms[edit]

(compass points) égtájak;

északnyugat (ÉNy) észak (É) északkelet (ÉK)
nyugat (Ny) kelet (K)
délnyugat (DNy) dél (D) délkelet (DK)

Derived terms[edit]

  • (noon):
Compound words
  • (south):
Compound adjectives and common nouns
Compounds proper nouns

References[edit]

  1. ^ dél in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)
  2. ^ Tóth, Etelka, editor (2017) Magyar helyesírási szótár: A magyar helyesírás szabályai tizenkettedik kiadása szerint [Dictionary of Hungarian orthography: according to the 12th edition of the Rules of Hungarian orthography], Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, →ISBN. Online version

Further reading[edit]

  • dél in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • dél in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2023)

Kashubian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

dél ?

  1. board, plank

Further reading[edit]

  • “dél”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
  • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “deska”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

  • preposition de + pronoun él

Contraction[edit]

dél

  1. (obsolete) of him, from him

Related terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

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