ful

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See also: fúl, fûl, fül, -ful, and ful-

Translingual[edit]

Symbol[edit]

ful

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Fula.

Catalan[edit]

Catalan Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ca

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Fula 𞤊𞤵𞤤𞤬𞤵𞤤𞤣𞤫‎.

Adjective[edit]

ful (invariable)

  1. (relational) of Fula

Noun[edit]

ful m (uncountable)

  1. Fula

Related terms[edit]

Danish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse fúll, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz, cognate with Swedish ful, English foul, German faul, Dutch vuil.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

ful (neuter fult, plural and definite singular attributive fule)

  1. (dated) nasty, ugly

Maltese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic فُول‎ (fūl).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ful m (collective, singulative fula, paucal fuliet)

  1. broad bean, broad beans

See also[edit]

Middle English[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old English full, from Proto-West Germanic *full, from Proto-Germanic *fullaz, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós.

Alternative forms[edit]

Adverb[edit]

ful

  1. very; much; to a great extent
    • 1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:
      And I seide, "Ser, in his tyme maister Ioon Wiclef was holden of ful many men the grettis clerk that thei knewen lyuynge vpon erthe. And therwith he was named, as I gesse worthili, a passing reuli man and an innocent in al his lyuynge. […]
      And I said, "Sir, in his time master John Wycliffe was held by very many men the greatest clerk that they knew living upon earth. And with this he was named, as I believe worthily, an excellent ruly and innocent man in all his living. […]
  2. full
    • ca. 1384, John Wycliffe, Wycliffe Bible (translation from the Vulgate), Genesis 25:8
      and failynge he was deed in a good elde, and of greet age, and ful of dayes, and he was gaderyd to his puple.
      and failing he was dead in a good old [age], and of great age, and full of days, and he was gathered to his people.
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
  • English: full
  • Scots: fou, full
  • Yola: vull
References[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Noun[edit]

ful

  1. Alternative form of fulle

Norwegian Bokmål[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse fúll, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

ful (masculine and feminine ful, neuter fult, definite singular and plural fule, comparative fulere, indefinite superlative fulest, definite superlative fuleste)

  1. clever, sly

References[edit]

Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse fúll, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz.

Adjective[edit]

ful (neuter fult, definite singular and plural fule, comparative fulare, indefinite superlative fulast, definite superlative fulaste)

  1. clever, sly

References[edit]

Old English[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-West Germanic *full.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

ful

  1. Alternative form of full
Declension[edit]
Declension of ful — Strong
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ful ful ful
Accusative fulne fulle ful
Genitive fulles fulre fulles
Dative fullum fulre fullum
Instrumental fulle fulre fulle
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative fulle fulla, fulle ful
Accusative fulle fulla, fulle ful
Genitive fulra fulra fulra
Dative fullum fullum fullum
Instrumental fullum fullum fullum
Declension of ful — Weak
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative fulla fulle fulle
Accusative fullan fullan fulle
Genitive fullan fullan fullan
Dative fullan fullan fullan
Instrumental fullan fullan fullan
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative fullan fullan fullan
Accusative fullan fullan fullan
Genitive fulra, fullena fulra, fullena fulra, fullena
Dative fullum fullum fullum
Instrumental fullum fullum fullum

Etymology 2[edit]

From Proto-West Germanic *fūl.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

fūl

  1. foul (dirty, stinking, vile, corrupt)
Declension[edit]
Declension of fūl — Strong
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative fūl fūl fūl
Accusative fūlne fūle fūl
Genitive fūles fūlre fūles
Dative fūlum fūlre fūlum
Instrumental fūle fūlre fūle
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative fūle fūla, fūle fūl
Accusative fūle fūla, fūle fūl
Genitive fūlra fūlra fūlra
Dative fūlum fūlum fūlum
Instrumental fūlum fūlum fūlum
Declension of fūl — Weak
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative fūla fūle fūle
Accusative fūlan fūlan fūle
Genitive fūlan fūlan fūlan
Dative fūlan fūlan fūlan
Instrumental fūlan fūlan fūlan
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative fūlan fūlan fūlan
Accusative fūlan fūlan fūlan
Genitive fūlra, fūlena fūlra, fūlena fūlra, fūlena
Dative fūlum fūlum fūlum
Instrumental fūlum fūlum fūlum
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]

Old Frisian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-West Germanic *full.

Adjective[edit]

ful

  1. full

Descendants[edit]

  • North Frisian:
    Föhr-Amrum: fol
  • West Frisian: fol

Old Irish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

·ful

  1. third-person singular present subjunctive prototonic of fo·loing

Derived terms[edit]

Mutation[edit]

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
·ful ·ḟul ·ful
pronounced with /-v(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Old Saxon[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-West Germanic *full, from Proto-Germanic *fullaz, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós.

Adjective[edit]

ful

  1. full

Declension[edit]

Declension of ful
Strong declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative ful fulle ful fullu ful fulle
accusative fullana fulle ful fullu fulla fulle
genitive fulles fullarō fulles fullarō fullaro fullarō
dative fullumu fullum fullumu fullum fullaro fullum
Weak declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative fullo fullu fulla fullu fulla fullu
accusative fullun fullun fulla fullun fullun fullun
genitive fullun fullonō fullun fullonō fullun fullonō
dative fullun fullum fullun fullum fullun fullum


Related terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Plautdietsch[edit]

Adjective[edit]

ful

  1. foul, rotten, putrid
  2. lazy, shiftless, indolent, slothful

Polish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ful/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ul
  • Syllabification: ful

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from English full.

Alternative forms[edit]

Adjective[edit]

ful (not comparable)

  1. (colloquial) full

Noun[edit]

ful m inan

  1. (poker) full house
  2. (colloquial) stout, porter (beer with mid-high hop and alcohol levels)
  3. (colloquial) full house (situation in which a place is filled with people to its maximum capacity)
    Synonym: komplet
Declension[edit]
Declension of ful
singular plural
nominative ful fule
genitive fulu fuli
dative fulowi fulom
accusative ful fule
instrumental fulem fulami
locative fulu fulach
vocative fulu fule

Numeral[edit]

ful

  1. (colloquial) full

Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from Arabic فُول‎ (fūl).

Noun[edit]

ful m inan

  1. type of heavily spiced Egyptian fava bean paste (Is there an English equivalent to this definition?)
Declension[edit]
Declension of ful
singular plural
nominative ful fule
genitive fula/fulu fuli
dative fulowi fulom
accusative ful fule
instrumental fulem fulami
locative fulu fulach
vocative fulu fule

Further reading[edit]

  • ful in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • ful in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from English full.

Noun[edit]

ful n (plural fuluri)

  1. (poker) full house

Declension[edit]

Declension of ful
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) ful fulul (niște) fuluri fulurile
genitive/dative (unui) ful fulului (unor) fuluri fulurilor
vocative fulule fulurilor

Saterland Frisian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old Frisian full, from Proto-West Germanic *full. Cognates include West Frisian fol and German voll.

Adjective[edit]

ful (masculine fullen, feminine, plural or definite fulle, comparative fuller, superlative fulst)

  1. full
Antonyms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronoun[edit]

ful

  1. Unstressed form of fúul

References[edit]

  • Marron C. Fort (2015), “ful”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN
  • Marron C. Fort (2015), “fúul”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈful/ [ˈful]
  • Rhymes: -ul
  • Syllabification: ful

Adjective[edit]

ful (invariable)

  1. (slang) cheap, fake

Further reading[edit]

Swedish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse fúll, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz. Compare English foul, Dutch vuil, German faul.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

ful (comparative fulare, superlative fulast)

  1. ugly; of displeasing appearance
    Det var den fulaste unge jag någonsin sett.
    That's the ugliest kid I've ever seen.
  2. dirty, bad; something contradictory to norms and rules
    Larsson gjorde en riktigt ful tackling.
    Larsson pulled off a really dirty tackle.
  3. prefix indicating a state of low or poor quality: an ironic opposite of fin (“fine, elegant”).
    • 2000, Mikael Niemi, Populärmusik från Vittula p. 35; English translation by Laurie Thompson: Popular Music from Vittula (2003), p. 36.
      Hukande tassade han fram till predikstolen, en skygg liten gosse med fulsnaggat hår.
      Shoulders hunched, he tip-toed toward the pulpit, a bashful little boy with an awful haircut.

Declension[edit]

Inflection of ful
Indefinite Positive Comparative Superlative2
Common singular ful fulare fulast
Neuter singular fult fulare fulast
Plural fula fulare fulast
Masculine plural3 fule fulare fulast
Definite Positive Comparative Superlative
Masculine singular1 fule fulare fulaste
All fula fulare fulaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.
2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
3) Dated or archaic

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Tok Pisin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From English fool.

Noun[edit]

ful

  1. fool

Volapük[edit]

Noun[edit]

ful (nominative plural fuls)

  1. fullness

Declension[edit]

declension of ful
singular plural
nominative ful fuls
genitive fula fulas
dative fule fules
accusative fuli fulis
vocative 1 o ful! o fuls!
predicative 2 fulu fulus
  • 1 status as a case is disputed
  • 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only
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