lut

See also: lût, lüt, lụt, łūt, lūt, lut-, and LUT

Translingual

Etymology

Abbreviation of English Lushootseed.

Symbol

lut

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Lushootseed.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Lushootseed terms

Aighon

Noun

lut

1. skin

References

• Sara Van Cott et al., A Sociolinguistic Survey of Bebeli (2013), SIL Journal of Language Survey Reports

Albanian

Alternative forms

• lus

Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *lutśi-, from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewt-, *lewdʰ- (“song, sound”), from Proto-Indo-European *lew- (“to sound, resound, sing out”). Cognate to Latin laudo (“to praise”) and others. Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *lewd- (“to duck; feign”). Compare Proto-Germanic *lutōną (“to conceal”) (whence English lote, Gothic 𐌻𐌿𐍄𐍉𐌽 (lutōn, “cheat, deceive”)), Lithuanian liūstù (“to be sad”).

Alternatively, from Proto-Albanian *lugtja, from Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ- (“to lie, tell falsehood”), with the same semantic shift "tell lies" > "request" found in Baltic cognates such as Latvian lūgt (“to ask, request”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lut/, [lʊt], /lus/, [lʊs]
• IPA^(key): /ʎut/, /ʎʊs/ (Gheg)

Verb

lut (aorist luta, participle lutur)

1. (transitive) to request, (kindly) ask for; to plead, to beg

   Synonym: lyp

Conjugation

Standard Albanian conjugation of lut (active voice)

• Show compound tenses:  

		participle		lutur
		gerund		duke lutur
		infinitive		për të lutur
singular			plural
1st pers.	2nd pers.	3rd pers.	1st pers.	2nd pers.	3rd pers.
indicative	present	lut	lut	lut	lutim	lutni	lutin
	imperfect	lutja	lutje	lutte	lutnim	lutnit	lutnin
	aorist	luta	lute	luti	lutëm	lutët	lutën
perfect	kam lutur	ke lutur	ka lutur	kemi lutur	keni lutur	kanë lutur
past perfect	kisha lutur	kishe lutur	kishte lutur	kishim lutur	kishit lutur	kishin lutur
aorist II	pata lutur	pate lutur	pati lutur	patëm lutur	patët lutur	patën lutur
future1	do të lut	do të lutësh	do të lutë	do të lutim	do të lutni	do të lutin
future perfect2	do të kem lutur	do të kesh lutur	do të ketë lutur	do të kemi lutur	do të keni lutur	do të kenë lutur
subjunctive	present	të lut	të lutësh	të lutë	të lutim	të lutni	të lutin
imperfect	të lutja	të lutje	të lutte	të lutnim	të lutnit	të lutnin
perfect	të kem lutur	të kesh lutur	të ketë lutur	të kemi lutur	të keni lutur	të kenë lutur
past perfect	të kisha lutur	të kishe lutur	të kishte lutur	të kishim lutur	të kishit lutur	të kishin lutur
conditional1, 2	imperfect	do të lutja	do të lutje	do të lutte	do të lutnim	do të lutnit	do të lutnin
	past perfect	do të kisha lutur	do të kishe lutur	do të kishte lutur	do të kishim lutur	do të kishit lutur	do të kishin lutur
optative	present	lutsha	lutsh	luttë	lutshim	lutshi	lutshin
perfect	paça lutur	paç lutur	pastë lutur	paçim lutur	paçit lutur	paçin lutur
admirative	present	lutkam	lutke	lutka	lutkemi	lutkeni	lutkan
	imperfect	lutkësha	lutkëshe	lutkësh	lutkëshim	lutkëshit	lutkëshin
perfect	paskam lutur	paske lutur	paska lutur	paskemi lutur	paskeni lutur	paskan lutur
past perfect	paskësha lutur	paskëshe lutur	paskësh lutur	paskëshim lutur	paskëshit lutur	paskëshin lutur
imperative	present	—	lut	—	—	lutni	—
1) indicative future identical with conditional present 2) indicative future perfect identical with conditional perfect

Derived terms

• lutem
• lutës m
• lutje f
• lutur

Further reading

• “lut”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
• FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎^[1], 1980
• Newmark, Leonard (1999), “lut”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎^[2], Oxford: Oxford University Press

Aromanian

Alternative forms

• lutu, alut, alutu

Etymology

From Latin lutum. Compare Romanian lut.

Noun

lut

1. clay, loam

Related terms

• lutos

Danish

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle Low German lute (“lute”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lut/, [lud̥]

Noun

lut c (singular definite lutten, plural indefinite lutter)

1. lute

Inflection

Declension of lut

common gender	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	lut	lutten	lutter	lutterne
genitive	luts	luttens	lutters	lutternes

Further reading

• lut on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^da

French

Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ly/
• Homophones: lu, lue, lues, lus, lût

Verb

lut

1. third-person singular past historic of lire

Etymology 2

From Middle French and Old French lut (12th c.), a borrowing from Latin lutum (“mud”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lyt/
• Homophones: luth, luths, luts, lutte, luttent, luttes

Noun

lut m (plural luts)

1. lute, slip (kind of clay)

Further reading

• “lut”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Middle High German

Etymology

Inherited from Old High German lūt.

Adjective

lūt

1. loud

Related terms

• liute

Descendants

• Central Franconian:
  • Hunsrik: laut
• German: laut
  • → Esperanto: laŭta

References

• Benecke, Georg Friedrich; Müller, Wilhelm; Zarncke, Friedrich (1863), “LÛT”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel
• Köbler, Gerhard (2014), “lūt”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch‎^[3] (in German), 3rd edition

Middle Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lʉd/

Adjective

lut

1. soft mutation of glut

Mutation

Mutated forms of glut

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
glut	lut	glut pronounced with /ŋ-/	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Middle Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Related to the verb lauge

Noun

lut f or m (definite singular luta or luten, uncountable)

1. lye (alkaline solution)

Derived terms

• lutefisk
• natronlut

References

• “lut” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lʉːt/

Etymology 1

From Old Norse hlutr. Doublet of lott.

Noun

lut m (definite singular luten, indefinite plural luter or lutar, definite plural lutene or lutane)

1. a part

   Synonym: del

Etymology 2

Related to the verb lauga.

Noun

lut m or f (definite singular luten or luta, uncountable)

1. lye (alkaline liquid)

Derived terms

• lutefisk
• natronlut

Etymology 3

A clipping of lutdoven.

Alternative forms

• luta

Adverb

lut

1. Used as an intensifier

   Eg er lut lei!

   I'm fed up

Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

lut

1. imperative of luta

References

• “lut” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• ult

Old Dutch

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *hlūd, from Proto-Germanic *hlūdaz (“sound”), from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlew- (“hear”).

Adjective

lūt

1. loud

Declension

Declension of lūt (a-stem)

strong declension
case	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nominative	lūt	lūt	lūt	lūda, lūde
accusative	lūdan, lūden	lūda	lūt	lūda, lūde
genitive	lūdes	lūdero	lūdes	lūdero
dative	lūdin, lūdemo	lūdero	lūdin, lūdemo	lūdon
weak declension
case	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nominative	lūdo	lūda	lūda	lūdon
accusative	lūdon	lūdon	lūda	lūdon
genitive	lūdin	lūdon	lūdin	lūdono
dative	lūdin	lūdon	lūdin	lūdon

Alternative forms

• luut

Etymology 2

From Proto-West Germanic *hlūd, from Proto-Germanic *hlūdą (“sound”), from the adjective above. Cognate with Old High German (h)lūt (modern German Laut), Middle Low German lût, Old Frisian hlūd.

Noun

lūt m or n

1. sound

Declension

Declension of lūt (masculine a-stem noun)

case	singular	plural
nominative	lūt	lūda
accusative	lūt	lūda
genitive	lūdes	lūdo
dative	lūde	lūdon

Declension of lūt (neuter a-stem noun)

case	singular	plural
nominative	lūt	lūt
accusative	lūt	lūt
genitive	lūdes	lūdo
dative	lūde	lūdon

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: luyt
  • Dutch: luid n (still m in West Flemish)
• ⇒ Old Dutch: *gilūt
  • Middle Dutch: geluut, geluet, geluyt
    • Dutch: geluid
      • Afrikaans: geluid
      • Petjo: heluit

Further reading

• “lūt”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hlūd, whence also Old English hlūd (English loud).

Adjective

lūt

1. loud

Derived terms

• lūtī

Descendants

• Middle High German: lūt
  • Central Franconian:
    • Hunsrik: laut
  • German: laut
    • → Esperanto: laŭta

References

• Köbler, Gerhard (2014), “lūt”, in Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch‎^[4] (in German), 6th edition

Polish

lut

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlut/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ut
• Syllabification: lut
• Homophones: lód, lud

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Celtic *ɸloudom

Gaulish *loudonbor.?

Proto-West Germanic *laud

Old High German *lōt

Middle High German lōt

German Lotbor.

Polish lut

Borrowed from German Lot. Doublet of łut.

Noun

lut m inan

1. (uncountable) solder (any of various easily-melted alloys, commonly of tin and lead, that are used to mend, coat, or join metal objects, usually small)
2. (countable) solder joint

Declension

Declension of lut

	singular	plural
nominative	lut	luty
genitive	lutu	lutów
dative	lutowi	lutom
accusative	lut	luty
instrumental	lutem	lutami
locative	lucie	lutach
vocative	lucie	luty

Derived terms

verbs

• lutować impf

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Slavic *ľutъ

Old Polish luty

Polish lutyabbr.

Polish lut

Abbreviation of luty.

Noun

lut m inan

1. abbreviation of luty or lutego (“February”)

   Coordinate terms: sty, mar, kwi, maj, cze, lip, sie, wrz, paź, lis, gru

Further reading

• “lut”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎^[5] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• “lut”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[6] (in Polish)
• lut in PWN's encyclopedia

Pumpokol

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Yeniseian *tɬuwdʳ (“rope”).

Noun

lut (M., W.)

1. (weaving) rope, string

Further reading

• Werner, Heinrich (2005), Die Jenissej-Sprachen des 18. Jahrhunderts, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 184

Romanian

Etymology

Inherited from Latin lutum (“mud”).

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

lut n (plural luturi)

1. clay, loam
2. mud, dirt

Synonyms

• argilă, humă

Related terms

• lutos

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lʉːt/
• Rhymes: -ʉːt

Etymology 1

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewh₃- (“to bathe, wash”); compare Proto-Germanic *lauþrą (“lather, foam”) and *laugō (“lye, soap”).

Noun

lut c (uncountable)

1. lye (a strong caustic alkaline solution of potassium or sodium salts)

   Från filtret går luten tillbaks till kokaren

   From the filter, the lye returns to the boiler

Declension

Declension of lut

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	lut	luts
	definite	luten	lutens
plural	indefinite	—	—
	definite	—	—

Derived terms

• kalilut
• luta
• lutfisk
• natronlut

Etymology 2

Deverbal from luta.

Noun

lut n (uncountable)

1. (chiefly in compounds) slope

   medlut

   downward slope ("with-slope")

   motlut

   upward slope ("against-slope")

Declension

Declension of lut

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	lut	luts
	definite	lutet	lutets
plural	indefinite	—	—
	definite	—	—

Derived terms

• ligga på lut
• medlut
• motlut

References

• “lut”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
• “lut”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
• “lut”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)

Volapük

Etymology

Borrowed from German Luft (“air”). (The 'f' removed because it wouldn't quite conform to Volapük phonotactics, and would make the word appear too a posteriori.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lut/

Noun

lut (genitive luta, uncountable)

1. air

Declension

Declension of lut

	Singular
Nominative	lut
Genitive	luta
Dative	lute
Accusative	luti
Predicative1	lutu
Vocative	o lut

1. Introduced in Volapük Nulik.

Zou

Etymology 1

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *luut.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [lǔːt]
• Hyphenation: lut

Verb

lűt (stem II lȕt)

1. (intransitive) to enter

References

• Philip Thangliènmâng (2010), Minimal dictionary and Self-tutor Functional Grammar in Zo-English-Hindi, New Delhi: Zoculsin, →ISBN, page 88
• Lukram Himmat Singh (2013), A Descriptive Grammar of Zou (PhD thesis), Canchipur: Manipur University, page 89