reddo
Appearance
See also: reddò
Italian
[edit]Verb
[edit]reddo
Japanese
[edit]Romanization
[edit]reddo
Latin
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- , rendō (Late Latin)
Etymology
[edit]From re- + dō (“give”). The double -dd- is a remnant of the reduplication that was lost in the base verb.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈred.doː/, [ˈrɛd̪ːoː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈred.do/, [ˈrɛd̪ːo]
Verb
[edit]reddō (present infinitive reddere, perfect active reddidī, supine redditum); third conjugation
- to give back, return, restore
- Suetonius, De vita Caesarum:
- Quintili Vare, legiones redde!
- O Quintilius Varus! Give [me] back [my] legions!
- Suetonius, De vita Caesarum:
- to give up, hand over, deliver, render, provide, assign
- to surrender, relinquish, deliver, yield, resign
- to give or pay back; take revenge for, punish, inflict vengeance for
- to repeat, declare, report, narrate, recite, rehearse
- to represent, imitate, express, resemble
- to make something look in a certain way, make or cause a thing to be or appear something or somehow, render
- 160 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Adelphoe 5.3.59–63:
- DĒMEA. Ego istuc vīderō,
atque ibi favīllae plēna, fūmī ac pollinis
coquendō sit faxō et molendō. Praeter haec
merīdiē ipsō faciam ut stipulam colligat.
Tam excoctam reddam atque ātram quam carbō est.- DEMEA. I'll see to that,
and full of soot, smoke and flour
from the cooking and grinding I'll make her. And, besides that,
I'll make her collect the straw at noon.
I'll render her as burnt and black as coal.
- DEMEA. I'll see to that,
- DĒMEA. Ego istuc vīderō,
- 166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 2.3.14–16:
- […] Hīc reddēs omnia
quae nunc sunt certa eī cōnsilia incerta ut sient,
sine omnī periclō. […]- Here you make all those plans which are now certain to him seem uncertain, without any risk.
- […] Hīc reddēs omnia
- to return in profit
- Martial 2.38:
- Quid mihi reddat ager quaeris, Line, Nōmentānus?
Hoc mihi reddit ager: tē, Line, nōn videō!- You ask, Linus, what profit the field in Nomentum might return to me?
This, Linus, [is what] the field gives back to me: not having to see you!
- You ask, Linus, what profit the field in Nomentum might return to me?
- Vestis virum reddit.
- The clothes profit the man.
- Martial 2.38:
Conjugation
[edit]Notes
[edit]For the 1st person singular future active an old form reddĭbō is attested, which is the regular product of *reddăbō undergoing vowel weakening.
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit](See also rendō.)
- Italo-Romance:
- Italian: reddere (archaic)
- Gallo-Romance:
References
[edit]- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “rĕddĕre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 10: R, page 175
Further reading
[edit]- “reddo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “reddo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- reddo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to die a natural death: debitum naturae reddere (Nep. Reg. 1)
- to (richly) recompense a kindness or service: beneficium remunerari or reddere (cumulate)
- to return good for evil: pro maleficiis beneficia reddere
- to speak, utter a sound: vocem mittere (sonitum reddere of things)
- to render something into Latin: aliquid (graeca) latine reddere or sermone latino interpretari
- to translate literally, word for word (not verbo tenus): verbum pro verbo reddere
- to deliver a letter to some one (used of the messenger): epistulam reddere alicui (Att. 5. 21. 4)
- to deliver a letter dated September 21st: litteras reddere datas a. d. Kal. X. Octob.
- to make a person suspected: aliquem in suspicionem adducere (alicui), aliquem suspectum reddere
- to accomplish, pay a vow: vota solvere, persolvere, reddere
- to render count of a matter; to pass it for audit: rationem alicuius rei reddere
- to administer justice (said of the praetor): ius reddere (Liv. 3. 33)
- to gain a weak case by clever pleading: causam inferiorem dicendo reddere superiorem (λόγον κρείττω ποιειν) (Brut. 8. 30)
- to make restitution: res reddere (alicui) (cf. sect. V. 11)
- to restore prisoners without ransom: captivos sine pretio reddere
- to die a natural death: debitum naturae reddere (Nep. Reg. 1)
Categories:
- Italian non-lemma forms
- Italian verb forms
- Japanese non-lemma forms
- Japanese romanizations
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃-
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms prefixed with re-
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin verbs
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin terms with usage examples
- Latin third conjugation verbs
- Latin third conjugation verbs with irregular perfect
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook