sperno

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *spernō, from Proto-Indo-European *sperH-.

Compare Latin spurius, parcus, spargō, spurcus, Ancient Greek σπείρω (speírō), English spurn, spread, spare.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈsper.noː/, [ˈs̠pɛrnoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈsper.no/, [ˈspɛrno]

Verb

spernō (present infinitive spernere, perfect active sprēvī, supine sprētum); third conjugation

1. to move aside, push away

   Synonyms: aufero, abduco, tollō, adimō, rapiō, ēripiō, dīripiō, arceo, excludo

   Antonyms: praefero, produco, affero, edo, profero, propono

2. to sever, separate, remove

   Synonyms: separo, segrego, intersaepio, excludo, dīvertō, dirimō

3. to despise, reject, scorn, spurn

   Synonyms: contemnō, detrectō, cavillor, abiciō, āspernor, trādūcō, neglegō

Conjugation

Conjugation of spernō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	spernō	spernis	spernit	spernimus	spernitis	spernunt
	imperfect	spernēbam	spernēbās	spernēbat	spernēbāmus	spernēbātis	spernēbant
	future	spernam	spernēs	spernet	spernēmus	spernētis	spernent
	perfect	sprēvī	sprēvistī	sprēvit	sprēvimus	sprēvistis	sprēvērunt, sprēvēre
	pluperfect	sprēveram	sprēverās	sprēverat	sprēverāmus	sprēverātis	sprēverant
	future perfect	sprēverō	sprēveris	sprēverit	sprēverimus	sprēveritis	sprēverint
passive	present	spernor	sperneris, spernere	spernitur	spernimur	sperniminī	spernuntur
	imperfect	spernēbar	spernēbāris, spernēbāre	spernēbātur	spernēbāmur	spernēbāminī	spernēbantur
	future	spernar	spernēris, spernēre	spernētur	spernēmur	spernēminī	spernentur
	perfect	sprētus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	sprētus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	sprētus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	spernam	spernās	spernat	spernāmus	spernātis	spernant
	imperfect	spernerem	spernerēs	sperneret	spernerēmus	spernerētis	spernerent
	perfect	sprēverim	sprēverīs	sprēverit	sprēverīmus	sprēverītis	sprēverint
	pluperfect	sprēvissem	sprēvissēs	sprēvisset	sprēvissēmus	sprēvissētis	sprēvissent
passive	present	spernar	spernāris, spernāre	spernātur	spernāmur	spernāminī	spernantur
	imperfect	spernerer	spernerēris, spernerēre	spernerētur	spernerēmur	spernerēminī	spernerentur
	perfect	sprētus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	sprētus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	sperne	—	—	spernite	—
	future	—	spernitō	spernitō	—	spernitōte	spernuntō
passive	present	—	spernere	—	—	sperniminī	—
	future	—	spernitor	spernitor	—	—	spernuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		spernere	sprēvisse	sprētūrum esse	spernī	sprētum esse	sprētum īrī
participles		spernēns	—	sprētūrus	—	sprētus	spernendus, spernundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		spernendī	spernendō	spernendum	spernendō	sprētum	sprētū

References

• “sperno”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• sperno in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
• “sperno”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• sperno in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.