excludo

Latin

Etymology

From ex- (“out of, from”) +‎ claudō (“shut, end; imprison; restrict”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ɛkˈskɫuː.doː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ekˈskluː.do]

Verb

exclūdō (present infinitive exclūdere, perfect active exclūsī, supine exclūsum); third conjugation

to shut out; cut off, remove, separate from something
Synonyms: segregō, intersaepiō, separō, dirimō, spernō, discrībō, distinguō, sēcernō, distrahō, auferō, abducō, dīvertō, eripiō, diripiō, tollō

Antonyms: contrahō, consociō, coniungō, iungō, colligō, illigō, ligō, conciliō, convehō, conferō
to except, exclude
Synonyms: eximō, excipiō
to hinder, prevent
Synonyms: retineō, dētineō, prohibeō, arceō, cohibeō, impediō, resistō, sistō, vetō
(by extension) to drive out, press, thrust or take out
(by extension) to make prominent
(figuratively) to close, complete
(figuratively) to hatch

Conjugation

Conjugation of exclūdō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	exclūdō	exclūdis		exclūdit	exclūdimus	exclūditis		exclūdunt
	imperfect	exclūdēbam	exclūdēbās		exclūdēbat	exclūdēbāmus	exclūdēbātis		exclūdēbant
	future	exclūdam	exclūdēs		exclūdet	exclūdēmus	exclūdētis		exclūdent
	perfect	exclūsī	exclūsistī		exclūsit	exclūsimus	exclūsistis		exclūsērunt, exclūsēre
	pluperfect	exclūseram	exclūserās		exclūserat	exclūserāmus	exclūserātis		exclūserant
	future perfect	exclūserō	exclūseris		exclūserit	exclūserimus	exclūseritis		exclūserint
passive	present	exclūdor	exclūderis, exclūdere		exclūditur	exclūdimur	exclūdiminī		exclūduntur
	imperfect	exclūdēbar	exclūdēbāris, exclūdēbāre		exclūdēbātur	exclūdēbāmur	exclūdēbāminī		exclūdēbantur
	future	exclūdar	exclūdēris, exclūdēre		exclūdētur	exclūdēmur	exclūdēminī		exclūdentur
	perfect	exclūsus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	exclūsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	exclūsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	exclūdam	exclūdās		exclūdat	exclūdāmus	exclūdātis		exclūdant
	imperfect	exclūderem	exclūderēs		exclūderet	exclūderēmus	exclūderētis		exclūderent
	perfect	exclūserim	exclūserīs		exclūserit	exclūserīmus	exclūserītis		exclūserint
	pluperfect	exclūsissem	exclūsissēs		exclūsisset	exclūsissēmus	exclūsissētis		exclūsissent
passive	present	exclūdar	exclūdāris, exclūdāre		exclūdātur	exclūdāmur	exclūdāminī		exclūdantur
	imperfect	exclūderer	exclūderēris, exclūderēre		exclūderētur	exclūderēmur	exclūderēminī		exclūderentur
	perfect	exclūsus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	exclūsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	exclūde		—	—	exclūdite		—
active	future	—	exclūditō		exclūditō	—	exclūditōte		exclūduntō
passive	present	—	exclūdere		—	—	exclūdiminī		—
passive	future	—	exclūditor		exclūditor	—	—		exclūduntor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		exclūdere		exclūdī		exclūdēns		—
future		exclūsūrum esse		exclūsum īrī		exclūsūrus		exclūdendus, exclūdundus
perfect		exclūsisse		exclūsum esse		—		exclūsus
future perfect		—		exclūsum fore		—		—
perfect potential		exclūsūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		exclūdendī	exclūdendō		exclūdendum	exclūdendō	exclūsum		exclūsū

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

Italo-Romance:
- Italian: schiudere
Gallo-Italic:
- Piedmontese: s-ciòde (via *exclaudere)
Gallo-Romance:
- French: éclore (via *exclaudere)

Borrowings:

→ Catalan: excloure
→ English: exclude, sluice
→ Esperanto: ekskludi
→ French: exclure
→ Galician: excluír
→ Italian: escludere
→ Piedmontese: esclude
→ Portuguese: excluir
→ Spanish: excluir

References

“excludo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“excludo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
“excludo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to strike off the burgess-roll: censu prohibere, excludere