سفید
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Persian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- سپید (sapêd) (literary, poetic)
- اسپید (espêd) (poetic, dialectal)[1]
- اسفید (esfid), اسبید (esbêd)[2][3]
Etymology
[edit]From earlier سپید (sapēd), from Middle Persian spyt' (spēd, “white”), from Proto-Iranian *cwaytáh (compare Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬀 (spaēta, “white”), Sogdian [script needed] (ʾspʾyt)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwaytás (compare Sanskrit श्वेत (śvetá, “white, bright”)), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweytós (“bright; shine”) (compare Old Church Slavonic свѣтъ (světŭ), Old English hwīt (“white”)).
Borrowed from Iranian: Old Armenian սպիտակ (spitak), սպետ (spet), սպիտ (spit); Old Georgian სპეტაკი (sṗeṭaḳi), სპეტი (sṗeṭi), Georgian სუფთა (supta), Arabic سِبِيدَاج (sibīdāj), Ottoman Turkish اوستبج (üstübec), استوبج (üstübec).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [sa.feːð]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [se.fiːd̪̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [sä.fed̪]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | safēḏ |
Dari reading? | safēd |
Iranian reading? | sefid |
Tajik reading? | safed |
Adjective
[edit]Dari | سفید |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | сафед |
سفید • (sefid)
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Assamese: চফেদ (sophed), ছফেদ (sophed)
- → Bengali: সফেদ (śophed)
- → Gujarati: સફેદ (saphed)
- → Hindustani:
- → Maithili: saphēd
- → Marathi: सफेद (saphed)
- → Marwari: सफेद (saphed)
- → Odia: ସଫେଦ (sapheda)
- → Old Punjabi: ਸੁਪੇਦੁ (supedu)
- → Sindhi:
See also
[edit]Colors, Iranian Persian
سِفید (sefid) | خَاکِسْتَری (xâkestari), توسی (tusi) | سِیَاه (siyâh), مِشْکی (meški) |
سُرْخ (sorx), قِرْمِز (ğermez); زِرِشْکی (zereški) | نَارِنْجی (nârenji); قَهْوِهای (ğahve-i), بور (bur) | زَرْد (zard); کِرِم (kerem) |
سَبْزِ لیمویی (sabz-e limuyi) | سَبْز (sabz) | |
آبیِ دَرْیَایی (âbi-ye daryâyi); سَبْزِ دودی (sabz-e dudi), فیروزِهای (firuze-i) | لَاجْوَرْدی (lâjvardi) | آبی (âbi), سُرْمِهای (sorme-i) |
بَنَفْش (banafš); نیلی (nili) | سُرْخَابی (sorxâbi); اَرْغَوَانی (arğavâni) | صورَتی (surati) |
Colors, Dari Persian
سَفید (safēd) | خَاکِسْتَرِی (xākistarī), فولَادِی (fōlādī) | سِیَاه (siyāh), مُشْکِی (muškī) |
سُرْخ (surx); قِرْمِزِی (qirmizī) | نَارَنْجِی (nāranjī); نَسْوَارِی (naswārī), بور (bōr), قَهْوَهیِی (qahwa-yī) | زَرْد (zard); کِرِیمِی (kirīmī) |
سَبْزِ لِیمُویِی (sabz-i līmūyī) | سَبْز (sabz) | سَبْزِ آبِی (sabz-i ābī) |
آبِیِ دَرْیَایِی (ābī-yi daryāyī); سَبْزِ دُودِی (sabz-i dūdī), فیروزَهیِی (fērōza-yī) | آسْمَانِی (āsmānī) | آبِی (ābī), آبِیِ تِیرَه (ābī-yi tīra) |
بِنَفْش (binafš); نِیلِی (nīlī) | سُرْخَابِی (surxābī); اَرْغَوَانِی (arğawānī), بَانْجَانِی (bānjānī) | گُلَابِی (gulābī) |
References
[edit]- ^ Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “اسپید”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
- ^ Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “اسفید”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
- ^ Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “اسبید”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “սպիտակ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, pages 264–265
- Horn, Paul (1893) Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, § 708, page 157
- Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 240
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “spēd”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
Urdu
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Classical Persian سفید (safēd).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /sə.feːd̪/
Adjective
[edit]سَفید • (safed) (Hindi spelling सफ़ेद)
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]سفید (safed), ابیض (abyaz) | سرمئی (sarmaī), خاکستری (xākistarī), دھوسر (dhūsar) | کالا (kālā), سیاہ (siyāh), اسود (aswad) |
سرخ (surx), لال (lāl), قرمزی (qarmazī), احمر (ahmar) | مالٹائی (mālṭāī), نارنجی (nāranjī), نارنگی (nārangī); بھورا (bhūrā), بادامی (bādāmī), خاکی (xākī), مٹیالا (maṭiālā) | پیلا (pīlā), زرد (zard), اصفر (asfar), بسنتی (basantī) |
پستہ (pistah), انگوری (aṅgūrī), دھانی (dhānī) | سبز (sabz), ہرا (harā) | |
فیروزی (ferozī) | آسمانی (āsmānī), نیلگوں (nīlgū̃), لاجوردی (lājvardī), آبی (ābī), آبگوں (ābgū̃) | نیلا (nīlā), ازرق (azraq) |
نیل (nīl), بنفشی (banafśī), بنفش (banafś) | جامنی (jāmnī), اودا (ūdā), ارغوانی (arġawānī), بیگنی (beganī), بینگنی (benganī), بینجنی (benjanī) | گلابی (gulābī), پیازی (pīāzī) |
Further reading
[edit]Categories:
- Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Middle Persian
- Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian
- Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian terms with audio links
- Persian lemmas
- Persian adjectives
- Urdu terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Urdu terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱweyt-
- Urdu terms derived from Middle Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Proto-Iranian
- Urdu terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu adjectives
- ur:Colors