兄弟

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Chinese[edit]

elder brother younger brother
simp. and trad.
(兄弟)
anagram 弟兄

Etymology[edit]

Dvandva of (xiōng, “older brother”) + (, “younger brother”)

Pronunciation 1[edit]


Note:
  • hiaⁿ-tī/hiaⁿ-tǐ - vernacular;
  • heng-tē/heng-tě - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: xiong1 di5
      • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /ɕɪ̯ʊŋ³³ ti²¹⁻¹¹/
      • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /ɕin³³ ti²¹⁻¹¹/

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
    Initial () (32) (7) (7)
    Final () (112) (39) (39)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed Open Open
    Division () III IV IV
    Fanqie
    Baxter xjwaeng dejX dejH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /hˠwiæŋ/ /deiX/ /deiH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /hʷᵚiaŋ/ /deiX/ /deiH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /xiuaŋ/ /dɛiX/ /dɛiH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /hwiajŋ/ /dɛjX/ /dɛjH/
    Li
    Rong
    /xiuɐŋ/ /deiX/ /deiH/
    Wang
    Li
    /xĭwɐŋ/ /dieiX/ /dieiH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /xi̯wɐŋ/ /dʱieiX/ /dʱieiH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    xiōng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    hing1 dai6 dai6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    xiōng
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ xjwæng › ‹ dejX ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*m̥raŋ/ /*lˁəjʔ/
    English elder brother younger brother

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
    No. 13905 2294 2297
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0 1 1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*hmraŋ/ /*diːlʔ/ /*diːls/
    Notes

    Noun[edit]

    兄弟

    1. (literal) brother
    2. (literal) brethren; brothers and sisters; siblings
    3. (figurative) brothers; close friends; good friends (Classifier: m)
    4. gangster
    5. (Cantonese) groomsman
    Synonyms[edit]
    • (brother):
    • (groomsman): 伴郎 (bànláng)
    Antonyms[edit]
    Derived terms[edit]
    Descendants[edit]
    Sino-Xenic (兄弟):

    Pronunciation 2[edit]


    Noun[edit]

    兄弟

    1. (Mandarin, Gan, Jin, dialectal Wu, colloquial) younger brother
    2. (colloquial) my brother; bro (A term of address for a close friend of similar age or younger)
      兄弟今天請客兄弟今天请客  ―  Xiōngdì, wǒ jīntiān qǐngkè.  ―  My brother, it's my treat today.
      兄弟今仔日請人 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
      兄弟今仔日请人 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
      Hiaⁿ-tī, góa kin-á-ji̍t chhiáⁿ-lâng. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
      My brother, it's my treat today.
    Synonyms[edit]

    Pronoun[edit]

    兄弟

    1. A humble term of self-address used by a man to people of the same generation.

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    けい
    Grade: 2
    てい
    Grade: 2
    kan’on
    Kanji in this term
    きょう
    Grade: 2
    だい
    Grade: 2
    goon
     兄弟 on Japanese Wikipedia

    Alternative forms[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From (kyō, elder brother, Go-on) +‎ (dai, younger brother, Go-on), from Middle Chinese 兄弟.

    Alternatively, from (kei, elder brother) (Kan-on) +‎ (tei, younger brother) (Kan-on), from Chinese 兄弟. Compare 兄妹 (keimai, elder brother and younger sister), 姉弟 (shitei, elder sister and younger brother), and 姉妹 (shimai, elder and younger sisters).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (きょう)(だい) (kyōdaiきやうだい (kyaudai)? (alternative reading hiragana けいてい, rōmaji keitei)

    1. brothers
      だんご(さん)(きょう)(だい)
      dango san kyōdai
      Dango three brothers
    2. (by extension) siblings in general
      (おとこ)(きょう)(だい)
      otoko kyōdai
      brothers
      (おんな)(きょう)(だい)
      onna kyōdai
      sisters
    3. (by extension) brothers and sisters; brethren (brotherhood; fellowship)

    Usage notes[edit]

    • Note that the alternative forms listed above are used to be specific to the kinds of siblings.
    • For the general "siblings" sense, hiragana may be used instead of kanji.
    • The alternative spellings are only utilised for the siblings sense and may only be used with the pronunciation kyōdai

    Hypernyms[edit]

    Coordinate terms[edit]

    See also[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. 1.0 1.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998) NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja in this term

    Noun[edit]

    兄弟 (hyeongje) (hangeul 형제)

    1. Hanja form? of 형제 (brother, brothers, sibling).

    Kunigami[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    ちょー
    Grade: 2
    れー
    Grade: 2

    Etymology[edit]

    Cognate to Japanese 兄弟 (kyōdai).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (ちょー)(れー) (chōrē

    1. siblings; brothers and sisters

    Okinawan[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    ちょー
    Grade: 2
    でー
    Grade: 2

    Etymology[edit]

    Cognate with Japanese 兄弟 (kyōdai).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (ちょー)(でー) (chōdē

    1. siblings; brothers and sisters

    Vietnamese[edit]

    chữ Hán Nôm in this term

    Noun[edit]

    兄弟

    1. chữ Hán form of huynh đệ (brothers).