در

See also: ڈر, ذر, دز, and دژ

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the root د ر ر (d-r-r).

Verb

دَرَّ • (darra) I, non-past يَدِرُّ or يَدُرُّ‎ (yadirru or yadurru)

1. to flow copiously
2. to stream, to flow, to well
3. to accrue
4. to be abundant, to be plentiful

Conjugation

Conjugation of

دَرَّ

(form-I geminate, verbal noun دَرّ)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						دَرّ darr
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						دَارّ dārr
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَدْرُور madrūr
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	دَرَرْتُ darartu	دَرَرْتَ dararta	دَرَّ darra		دَرَرْتُمَا darartumā	دَرَّا darrā		دَرَرْنَا dararnā	دَرَرْتُمْ darartum	دَرُّوا darrū
	f		دَرَرْتِ dararti	دَرَّتْ darrat			دَرَّتَا darratā			دَرَرْتُنَّ darartunna	دَرَرْنَ dararna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَدِرُّ or أَدُرُّ ʔadirru or ʔadurru	تَدِرُّ or تَدُرُّ tadirru or tadurru	يَدِرُّ or يَدُرُّ yadirru or yadurru		تَدِرَّانِ or تَدُرَّانِ tadirrāni or tadurrāni	يَدِرَّانِ or يَدُرَّانِ yadirrāni or yadurrāni		نَدِرُّ or نَدُرُّ nadirru or nadurru	تَدِرُّونَ or تَدُرُّونَ tadirrūna or tadurrūna	يَدِرُّونَ or يَدُرُّونَ yadirrūna or yadurrūna
	f		تَدِرِّينَ or تَدُرِّينَ tadirrīna or tadurrīna	تَدِرُّ or تَدُرُّ tadirru or tadurru			تَدِرَّانِ or تَدُرَّانِ tadirrāni or tadurrāni			تَدْرِرْنَ or تَدْرُرْنَ tadrirna or tadrurna	يَدْرِرْنَ or يَدْرُرْنَ yadrirna or yadrurna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَدِرَّ or أَدُرَّ ʔadirra or ʔadurra	تَدِرَّ or تَدُرَّ tadirra or tadurra	يَدِرَّ or يَدُرَّ yadirra or yadurra		تَدِرَّا or تَدُرَّا tadirrā or tadurrā	يَدِرَّا or يَدُرَّا yadirrā or yadurrā		نَدِرَّ or نَدُرَّ nadirra or nadurra	تَدِرُّوا or تَدُرُّوا tadirrū or tadurrū	يَدِرُّوا or يَدُرُّوا yadirrū or yadurrū
	f		تَدِرِّي or تَدُرِّي tadirrī or tadurrī	تَدِرَّ or تَدُرَّ tadirra or tadurra			تَدِرَّا or تَدُرَّا tadirrā or tadurrā			تَدْرِرْنَ or تَدْرُرْنَ tadrirna or tadrurna	يَدْرِرْنَ or يَدْرُرْنَ yadrirna or yadrurna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَدِرَّ or أَدِرِّ or أَدْرِرْ or أَدُرَّ or أَدُرِّ or أَدْرُرْ ʔadirra or ʔadirri or ʔadrir or ʔadurra or ʔadurri or ʔadrur	تَدِرَّ or تَدِرِّ or تَدْرِرْ or تَدُرَّ or تَدُرِّ or تَدْرُرْ tadirra or tadirri or tadrir or tadurra or tadurri or tadrur	يَدِرَّ or يَدِرِّ or يَدْرِرْ or يَدُرَّ or يَدُرِّ or يَدْرُرْ yadirra or yadirri or yadrir or yadurra or yadurri or yadrur		تَدِرَّا or تَدُرَّا tadirrā or tadurrā	يَدِرَّا or يَدُرَّا yadirrā or yadurrā		نَدِرَّ or نَدِرِّ or نَدْرِرْ or نَدُرَّ or نَدُرِّ or نَدْرُرْ nadirra or nadirri or nadrir or nadurra or nadurri or nadrur	تَدِرُّوا or تَدُرُّوا tadirrū or tadurrū	يَدِرُّوا or يَدُرُّوا yadirrū or yadurrū
	f		تَدِرِّي or تَدُرِّي tadirrī or tadurrī	تَدِرَّ or تَدِرِّ or تَدْرِرْ or تَدُرَّ or تَدُرِّ or تَدْرُرْ tadirra or tadirri or tadrir or tadurra or tadurri or tadrur			تَدِرَّا or تَدُرَّا tadirrā or tadurrā			تَدْرِرْنَ or تَدْرُرْنَ tadrirna or tadrurna	يَدْرِرْنَ or يَدْرُرْنَ yadrirna or yadrurna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		دِرَّ or دِرِّ or اِدْرِرْ or دُرَّ or دُرِّ or اُدْرُرْ dirra or dirri or idrir or durra or durri or udrur			دِرَّا or دُرَّا dirrā or durrā				دِرُّوا or دُرُّوا dirrū or durrū
	f		دِرِّي or دُرِّي dirrī or durrī							اِدْرِرْنَ or اُدْرُرْنَ idrirna or udrurna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	دُرَّ durra		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُدَرُّ yudarru		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُدَرَّ yudarra		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُدَرَّ or يُدَرِّ or يُدْرَرْ yudarra or yudarri or yudrar		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

Etymology 2

Noun

دَرّ • (darr) m

1. verbal noun of دَرَّ (darra) (form I)
2. copious flow of milk
3. milk, lactation
4. achievement, accomplishment
5. nature, natural disposition
6. soul, mind, intellect

Declension

Declension of noun دَرّ (darr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دَرّ darr	الدَّرّ ad-darr	دَرّ darr
Nominative	دَرٌّ darrun	الدَّرُّ ad-darru	دَرُّ darru
Accusative	دَرًّا darran	الدَّرَّ ad-darra	دَرَّ darra
Genitive	دَرٍّ darrin	الدَّرِّ ad-darri	دَرِّ darri

Derived terms

• لِلَّٰهِ دَرُّكَ (lillāhi darruka)

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “در”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[1], London: W.H. Allen

Etymology 3

Noun

دُرّ • (durr) m (collective, singulative دُرَّة f (durra), paucal دُرَّات (durrāt) or دُرَر (durar))

1. pearls

Declension

Declension of noun دُرّ (durr)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دُرّ durr	الدُّرّ ad-durr	دُرّ durr
Nominative	دُرٌّ durrun	الدُّرُّ ad-durru	دُرُّ durru
Accusative	دُرًّا durran	الدُّرَّ ad-durra	دُرَّ durra
Genitive	دُرٍّ durrin	الدُّرِّ ad-durri	دُرِّ durri
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دُرَّة durra	الدُّرَّة ad-durra	دُرَّة durrat
Nominative	دُرَّةٌ durratun	الدُّرَّةُ ad-durratu	دُرَّةُ durratu
Accusative	دُرَّةً durratan	الدُّرَّةَ ad-durrata	دُرَّةَ durrata
Genitive	دُرَّةٍ durratin	الدُّرَّةِ ad-durrati	دُرَّةِ durrati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دُرَّتَيْن durratayn	الدُّرَّتَيْن ad-durratayn	دُرَّتَيْ durratay
Nominative	دُرَّتَانِ durratāni	الدُّرَّتَانِ ad-durratāni	دُرَّتَا durratā
Accusative	دُرَّتَيْنِ durratayni	الدُّرَّتَيْنِ ad-durratayni	دُرَّتَيْ durratay
Genitive	دُرَّتَيْنِ durratayni	الدُّرَّتَيْنِ ad-durratayni	دُرَّتَيْ durratay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal‎; basic broken paucal triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دُرَّات‎; دُرَر durrāt‎; durar	الدُّرَّات‎; الدُّرَر ad-durrāt‎; ad-durar	دُرَّات‎; دُرَر durrāt‎; durar
Nominative	دُرَّاتٌ‎; دُرَرٌ durrātun‎; durarun	الدُّرَّاتُ‎; الدُّرَرُ ad-durrātu‎; ad-duraru	دُرَّاتُ‎; دُرَرُ durrātu‎; duraru
Accusative	دُرَّاتٍ‎; دُرَرًا durrātin‎; duraran	الدُّرَّاتِ‎; الدُّرَرَ ad-durrāti‎; ad-durara	دُرَّاتِ‎; دُرَرَ durrāti‎; durara
Genitive	دُرَّاتٍ‎; دُرَرٍ durrātin‎; durarin	الدُّرَّاتِ‎; الدُّرَرِ ad-durrāti‎; ad-durari	دُرَّاتِ‎; دُرَرِ durrāti‎; durari

Etymology 4

Verb

دُرْ • (dur) (form I)

1. second-person masculine singular active imperative of دَارَ (dāra)

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Kurdish

Etymology

From .

Noun

1. side of a mountain

References

• Jaba, Auguste, Justi, Ferdinand (1879) Dictionnaire Kurde-Français [Kurdish–French Dictionary], Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences
• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “դար”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press

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Pashto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dar/

Pronoun

در • (dar)

1. toward you (pronominal prefix of the second person)

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Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐭡𐭩𐭭 (byn /⁠andar⁠/, “in, among, towards, concerning”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Persian 𐎠𐎫𐎼 (aⁿtar, “among, within”), from Proto-Iranian, Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hantara-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁énteros (“inner, what is inside”).

Alternative forms

• (archaic) اندر (andar)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dæɾ/

• audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): [dæ]
• Rhymes: -ar

Preposition

Dari	در
Iranian Persian
Tajik	дар

1. at

   در خانه

   at home

2. in

   در کیف

   in a bag

3. within, among
4. to

Synonyms

• (informal) تو (tu)
• (in): داخل (dâxel-e), درون (darun-e)

Etymology 2

(deprecated template usage)

From Middle Persian 𐭡𐭡𐭠 (dar, “gate, court, palace”), from Old Persian 𐎯𐎺𐎼𐎹𐎠 (duvar-, “door, gate”), from Proto-Iranian *dwar- (compare Kurdish, Ossetian дуар (dwar), Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨 (duuar^əm)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dwar- (compare Sanskrit द्वार (dvā́ra), Hindustani बार (bār) / بار (bār)), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer- (“gate, door”) (compare English door, German Tür, Armenian դուռ (duṙ), Irish doras and Russian дверь (dverʹ)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dæɾ/

• audio:

  (file)

Noun

Dari	در
Iranian Persian
Tajik	дар

در • (dar) (plural درها (dar-hâ))

1. door
2. (now rare) court
3. lid

Derived terms

• دری (Dari)
• دربار (darbâr)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /deɾ/

Verb

1. (dialectal, Mashhad) present stem form of دیشتن

   حالا کم کم می‌بینُم کار دِرَه بالا می‌گیرِه.

   Hâlâ kam kam mibinom kâr dera bâlâ migire.

   (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Etymology 4

From Arabic دُرّ (durr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dor/

Verb

1. pearl

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “در”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul