پیر
See also: بیر, بير, تثر, بتر, پتر, ثبر, تتر, تبر, بثر, بئر, ببر, بري, ثري, يرب, يرث, يبر, يتر, and يثر
Baluchi
[edit]Adjective
[edit]پیر • (pír)
Central Kurdish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]| Northern Kurdish | pîr |
|---|
پیر (pîr)
- old (of living things)
Derived terms
[edit]Gilaki
[edit]Noun
[edit]پیر (pe:r)
Persian
[edit]| Dari | پیر |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | пир |
Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Persian 𐬞𐬌𐬭 (pyl /pīr/, “old, aged, ancient”), from Proto-Iranian *paru- (“ash-gray, pale gray, hoary”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *parHušás (“gray”); compare Sanskrit परुष (paruṣa, “spotted, rough”) and English pale.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /ˈpiːr/
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [pʰiːɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [pʰiɾ]
- Rhymes: -iːr
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | pīr |
| Dari reading? | pīr |
| Iranian reading? | pir |
| Tajik reading? | pir |
Adjective
[edit]پیر • (pir) (comparative پیرتَر, superlative پیرتَرین)
Usage notes
[edit]When used with the words مرد (mard, “man”) and زن (zan, “woman”), پیر (pir) usually precedes them and forms compounds:
which are more common than مردِ پیر (mard-e pir) and زنِ پیر (zan-e pir)
Inflection
[edit]| bare | پیر (pir) |
|---|---|
| ezâfe | پیر (pir-e) |
| marked indefinite or relative definite |
پیری (pir-i) |
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person (“I am, we are”) |
پیرم (piram) | پیریم (pirim) |
| 2nd person (“you are”) |
پیری (piri) | پیرید، پیرین△ (pirid, pirin△) |
| 3rd person (“he/she/it is, they are”) |
پیر است، پیره△ (pir ast, pire△) | پیرند، پیرن△ (pirand, piran△) |
△ Colloquial.
Derived terms
[edit]Noun
[edit]پیر • (pir)
Descendants
[edit]- → Azerbaijani: pir
- → Bengali: পীর (pīr)
- → English: pir
- → Hulaulá: פִּיר (pir)
- → Saraiki: پیر (pīr)
- → Sylheti: ꠙꠤꠞ (fir)
- → Urdu: پیر (pīr)
Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]پیر • (piyar)
- (dialectal, Herati) colloquial form of پدر (padar, “father”)
References
[edit]- ^ Edelʹman, D. I. (2020), Этимологический словарь иранских языков [Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov, Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 172
Punjabi
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Etymology tree
Inherited from Prakrit 𑀧𑀬 (paya) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀭- (-ra-).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Punjabi) IPA(key): /pɛːɾ/
Noun
[edit]پَیر • (pair) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਪੈਰ)[2][3]
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | پَیر (pair) | پَیر (pair) |
| oblique | پَیر (pair) | پَیراں (pairāṉ) |
| vocative | پَیرا (pairā) | پَیرو (pairo) |
| ablative | پَیروں (pairoṉ) | — |
| locative | پَیرے (paire) | پَیرِیں (pairīṉ) |
| instrumental | پَیروں (pairoṉ) | – |
Etymology 2
[edit]Etymology tree
Borrowed from Classical Persian پِیر (pīr), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *parHušás, from Proto-Indo-European *pelHusós, from *pelH-. Noun sense 3 is a semantic loan from Urdu پِیر (pīr).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Punjabi) IPA(key): /piːɾ/
Noun
[edit]پِیر • (pīr) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਪੀਰ)[4][5]
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | پِیر (pīr) | پِیر (pīr) |
| oblique | پِیر (pīr) | پِیراں (pīrāṉ) |
| vocative | پِیرا (pīrā) | پِیرو (pīro) |
| ablative | پِیروں (pīroṉ) | — |
| locative | پِیرے (pīre) | پِیرِیں (pīrīṉ) |
| instrumental | پِیروں (pīroṉ) | – |
References
[edit]- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “padara”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
- ^ Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002), “پَیر”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat (in Punjabi), Lahore: عزیز پبلشرز [ʻazīz pabliśarz]
- ^ “ਪੈਰ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2026
- ^ Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002), “پِیر”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat (in Punjabi), Lahore: عزیز پبلشرز [ʻazīz pabliśarz]
- ^ “ਪੀਰ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2026
Further reading
[edit]- Bashir, Kanwal (2012), “پیر”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Hyattsville, MD: Dunwoody Press
Saraiki
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Etymology tree
Inherited from Prakrit 𑀧𑀬 (paya) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀭- (-ra-).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]پیر (per) m
Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from Classical Persian پیر (pīr, “old”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]پِیر (pīr) m
Urdu
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Etymology tree
Inherited from Prakrit 𑀧𑀬 (paya) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀭- (-ra-).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]پَیر • (pair) m (Hindi spelling पैर)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | پَیر (pair) | پَیر (pair) |
| oblique | پَیر (pair) | پَیروں (pairõ) |
| vocative | پَیر (pair) | پَیرو (pairo) |
Etymology 2
[edit]Etymology tree
Borrowed from Classical Persian پِیر (pīr).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]پِیر • (pīr) m (Hindi spelling पीर)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | پِیر (pīr) | پِیر (pīr) |
| oblique | پِیر (pīr) | پِیروں (pīrõ) |
| vocative | پِیر (pīr) | پِیرو (pīro) |
Descendants
[edit]- → Gujarati: પીર (pīr) (semantic loan)
- → Pashto: پیر (payr) (semantic loan)
- → Punjabi: (semantic loan)
See also
[edit]| Days of the week in Urdu · ہَفْتے کے دِن (hafte ke din) (layout · text) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| پِیر (pīr), سومْوَار (somvār) | مَن٘گَل (maṅgal) | بُدھ (budh) | جُمِعْرات (jumi'rāt) | جُمْعَہ (jum'a) | سَنِیچَر (sanīcar), ہَفْتَہ (hafta), شَنْبَہ (śanba) | اِتْوَار (itvār) |
References
[edit]- “پیر”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2026.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “*padara”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 438
Ushojo
[edit]Noun
[edit]پیر (per)
Categories:
- Baluchi lemmas
- Baluchi adjectives
- Central Kurdish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Central Kurdish lemmas
- Central Kurdish adjectives
- Gilaki lemmas
- Gilaki nouns
- Persian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pelH-
- Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Middle Persian
- Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Persian/iːr
- Rhymes:Persian/iːr/1 syllable
- Persian lemmas
- Persian adjectives
- Persian terms with usage examples
- Persian nouns
- fa:Sufism
- Persian dialectal terms
- Western Dari
- Persian colloquialisms
- fa:Family
- Punjabi terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Punjabi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Punjabi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Punjabi terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Punjabi terms inherited from Prakrit
- Punjabi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Punjabi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ped-
- Punjabi terms derived from Prakrit
- Punjabi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Punjabi terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Punjabi terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Punjabi terms extended with Indo-Aryan -𑀭-
- Punjabi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Punjabi lemmas
- Punjabi nouns
- Punjabi nouns in Shahmukhi script
- Punjabi masculine nouns
- pa:Anatomy
- Punjabi nouns with declension
- Punjabi terms derived from Urdu
- Punjabi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pelH-
- Punjabi terms derived from Classical Persian
- Punjabi semantic loans from Urdu
- Punjabi terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Punjabi terms with uncommon senses
- pa:People
- pa:Sufism
- Saraiki terms derived from Prakrit
- Saraiki terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Saraiki terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Saraiki terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Saraiki terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ped-
- Saraiki terms derived from Sanskrit
- Saraiki terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Saraiki terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Saraiki terms inherited from Prakrit
- Saraiki terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Saraiki terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Saraiki terms extended with Indo-Aryan -𑀭-
- Saraiki terms with IPA pronunciation
- Saraiki lemmas
- Saraiki nouns
- Saraiki nouns in Shahmukhi script
- Saraiki masculine nouns
- skr:Anatomy
- Saraiki terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Saraiki terms derived from Classical Persian
- skr:Sufism
- skr:Body parts
- Urdu terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Urdu terms derived from Sanskrit
- Urdu terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Urdu terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Urdu terms inherited from Prakrit
- Urdu terms derived from Prakrit
- Urdu terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Urdu terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ped-
- Urdu terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Urdu terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Urdu terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Urdu terms extended with Indo-Aryan -𑀭-
- Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Urdu terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Urdu/ɛːɾ
- Rhymes:Urdu/ɛːɾ/1 syllable
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu masculine nouns
- Urdu nouns with declension
- Urdu masculine consonant-stem nouns
- Urdu terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pelH-
- Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian
- Rhymes:Urdu/iːɾ
- Rhymes:Urdu/iːɾ/1 syllable
- ur:Sufism
- ur:Days of the week
- Ushojo lemmas
- Ushojo nouns