剝

See also: 剥

Translingual

Han character

剝 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 女水中弓 (VELN), four-corner 2210₀, composition ⿰彔刂)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 141, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2049
• Dae Jaweon: page 321, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 346, character 4
• Unihan data for U+525D

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Chinese

trad.		剝/剥
simp.		剥
alternative forms		𠚩

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (彔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
剝	*proːɡ
龣	*kroːɡ, *roːɡ
祿	*roːɡ
淥	*roːɡ, *roɡ
睩	*roːɡ
琭	*roːɡ
箓	*roːɡ
碌	*roːɡ, *roɡ
盝	*roːɡ
娽	*roːɡ, *roɡ
彔	*b·roːɡ
趢	*roːɡ, *roɡ
簶	*roːɡ
綠	*roɡ
逯	*roɡ
錄	*roɡ
醁	*roɡ
騄	*roɡ
菉	*roɡ
籙	*roɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *proːɡ) : phonetic 彔 (OC *b·roːɡ) + semantic 刀.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bāo, bō (bao¹, bo¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄠ, ㄅㄛ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mok¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pok
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): pak / pok

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bag⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland, variant in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bao
    • Wade–Giles: pao¹
    • Yale: bāu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bau
    • Palladius: бао (bao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bō
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄛ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bo
    • Wade–Giles: po¹
    • Yale: bwō
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bo
    • Palladius: бо (bo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

Note: bō - limited to compounds or idiomatic phrases in Mainland.

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: mok¹
    • Yale: mōk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mok⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: mog¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔːk̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pok
    • Hakka Romanization System: bog`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bog⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /pok̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pak / pok
    • Tâi-lô: pak / pok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pag, pog
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pak̚³²/, /pɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pak̚⁵/, /pɔk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pak̚³²/, /pɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pak̚³²/, /pɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pak̚³²/, /pɔk̚³²/

Note:

• pak - vernacular;
• pok - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: bag⁴
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pak
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pak̚²/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 剝
Mandarin	Beijing	/pɑu⁵⁵/ /po⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/pɤ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/pɑu²¹/ /po²¹/
	Jinan	/pə²¹³/ /pa²¹³/ ～皮
	Qingdao	/pa⁵⁵/ ～皮 /pə⁵⁵/ ～削
	Zhengzhou	/po²⁴/
	Xi'an	/po²¹/
	Xining	/pɔ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/puə¹³/
	Lanzhou	/pə¹³/
	Ürümqi	/pɤ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/po²¹³/
	Chengdu	/po³¹/
	Guiyang	/po²¹/
	Kunming	/po³¹/
	Nanjing	/poʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/pɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/paʔ²/
	Pingyao	/pʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/paʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/poʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/poʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/poʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/po²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/pɔʔ²¹/
	Tunxi	/po⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/po²⁴/
	Xiangtan	/po²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/pɔʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/pok̚¹/
	Taoyuan	/pok̚²²/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/mɔk̚⁵/
	Nanning	/pɔk̚³³/
	Hong Kong	/pɔk̚⁵/ /mɔk̚⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/pak̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/pɔuʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/pɔ²⁴/ /pu²⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/pak̚²/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ʔbak̚⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: paewk

Rime
Character	剝
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	覺 (10)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	北角切
Baxter	paewk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pˠʌk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/pᵚɔk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/pɔk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/paɨwk̚/
Li Rong	/pɔk̚/
Wang Li	/pɔk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/pɔk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bok3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[p]ˤrok/

  (Zhengzhang): /*proːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	剝
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bō
Middle Chinese	‹ pæwk ›
Old Chinese	/*[p]ˁrok/ (~ *mə-pˁrok)
English	flay, peel
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	剝
Reading #	1/1
No.	8539
Phonetic component	录
Rime group	屋
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	剥
Old Chinese	/*proːɡ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 剝

1. (Classical) to cut apart
2. to peel; to skin; to shell
3. to fall off or to erode
4. to strip; to deprive

Usage notes

Use 剝／剥 (bāo) for peeling something with one's hands, like a tangerine. Use 削 (xiāo) for peeling something with a knife or peeler, like a potato.

References

• (Min Nan) “Entry #5741”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

剝

(common “Jōyō” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 剥)

1. peel
2. peel off
3. strip

Readings

• Go-on: ほく (hoku)
• Kan-on: はく (haku, Jōyō)
• Kun: はがす (hagasu, 剝がす, Jōyō); はがれる (hagareru, 剝がれる, Jōyō); はげる (hageru, 剝げる, Jōyō); はぐ (hagu, 剝ぐ, Jōyō); むく (muku, 剝く)

Usage notes

Included in the 2010 jōyō reform instead of 剥, despite it having been standard in Japanese character sets.

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Korean

Hanja

剝 (eum 박 (bak))

1. to strip
2. undress
3. to cut, trim
4. injure

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Vietnamese

Han character

剝: Hán Nôm readings: bác, bóc

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