剝

See also: 剥

剝 U+525D, 剝 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-525D ← 剜 [U+525C] CJK Unified Ideographs 剞 → [U+525E]

Translingual

Han character

剝 (radical 18, 刀+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 女水中弓 (VELN), four-corner 2210₀, composition ⿰彔刂)

References

• KangXi: page 141, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2049
• Dae Jaweon: page 321, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 346, character 4
• Unihan data for U+525D

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Chinese

trad.		剝/剥
simp.		剥
variant forms		𠚩

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (彔) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
剝	*proːɡ
龣	*kroːɡ, *roːɡ
祿	*roːɡ
淥	*roːɡ, *roɡ
睩	*roːɡ
琭	*roːɡ
箓	*roːɡ
碌	*roːɡ, *roɡ
盝	*roːɡ
娽	*roːɡ, *roɡ
彔	*b·roːɡ
趢	*roːɡ, *roɡ
簶	*roːɡ
綠	*roɡ
逯	*roɡ
錄	*roɡ
醁	*roɡ
騄	*roɡ
菉	*roɡ
籙	*roɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *proːɡ): phonetic 彔 (OC *b·roːɡ) + semantic 刀.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bāo, bō (bao¹, bo¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄠ, ㄅㄛ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mok¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pok
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): pak / pok

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bag⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland, variant in Taiwan)⁺
    • Pinyin: bāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄠ
    • Wade–Giles: pao¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bau
    • IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Pinyin: bō
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄛ
    • Wade–Giles: po¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bo
    • IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

Note: bō - limited to compounds or idiomatic phrases in Mainland.

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: mok¹
    • Yale: mōk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mok⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: mog¹
    • IPA ^(key): /mɔːk̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pok
    • Hakka Romanization System: bog`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bog⁵
    • IPA: /pok̚²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pak / pok
    • Tâi-lô: pak / pok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pag, pog
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pak̚³²/, /pɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pak̚⁵/, /pɔk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pak̚³²/, /pɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pak̚³²/, /pɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pak̚³²/, /pɔk̚³²/

Note:

• pak - vernacular;
• pok - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: bag⁴
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pak
  • IPA ^(key): /pak̚²/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 剝
Mandarin	Beijing	/pɑu⁵⁵/ /po⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/pɤ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/pɑu²¹/ /po²¹/
	Jinan	/pə²¹³/ /pa²¹³/ ～皮
	Qingdao	/pa⁵⁵/ ～皮 /pə⁵⁵/ ～削
	Zhengzhou	/po²⁴/
	Xi'an	/po²¹/
	Xining	/pɔ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/puə¹³/
	Lanzhou	/pə¹³/
	Ürümqi	/pɤ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/po²¹³/
	Chengdu	/po³¹/
	Guiyang	/po²¹/
	Kunming	/po³¹/
	Nanjing	/poʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/pɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/paʔ²/
	Pingyao	/pʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/paʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/poʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/poʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/poʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/po²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/pɔʔ²¹/
	Tunxi	/po⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/po²⁴/
	Xiangtan	/po²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/pɔʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/pok̚¹/
	Taoyuan	/pok̚²²/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/mɔk̚⁵/
	Nanning	/pɔk̚³³/
	Hong Kong	/pɔk̚⁵/ /mɔk̚⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/pak̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/pɔuʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/pɔ²⁴/ /pu²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/pak̚²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/ʔbak̚⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /pˠʌk̚/▼

Rime
Character	剝
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	覺 (10)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	北角切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pˠʌk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/pᵚɔk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/pɔk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/paɨwk̚/
Li Rong	/pɔk̚/
Wang Li	/pɔk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/pɔk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bo

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[p]ˤrok/

  (Zhengzhang): /*proːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	剝
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bō
Middle Chinese	‹ pæwk ›
Old Chinese	/*[p]ˁrok/ (~ *mə-pˁrok)
English	flay, peel
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	剝
Reading #	1/1
No.	8539
Phonetic component	录
Rime group	屋
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	剥
Old Chinese	/*proːɡ/

Definitions

剝

1. (Classical Chinese) to cut apart
2. to peel; to skin; to shell
3. to fall off or to erode
4. to strip; to deprive

Descendants

• → Lao: ປອກ (pǭk, “peel”)
• → Thai: ปอก (bpɔ̀ɔk, “peel”)

Compounds

• 乾剝剝／干剥剥
• 侵剝百端／侵剥百端
• 凍剝剝／冻剥剥
• 刳剝／刳剥
• 刻剝／刻剥
• 剋剝／克剥
• 剝一層皮／剥一层皮
• 剝削／剥削 (bōxuē)
• 剝削小民／剥削小民
• 剝削者／剥削者 (bōxuēzhě)
• 剝剝／剥剥
• 剝剝啄啄／剥剥啄啄
• 剝啄／剥啄
• 剝奪／剥夺 (bōduó)
• 剝挽／剥挽
• 剝極必復／剥极必复
• 剝痛瘡／剥痛疮
• 剝皮／剥皮 (bāopí)
• 剝皮剉骨／剥皮剉骨
• 剝皮剔骨／剥皮剔骨
• 剝皮抽筋／剥皮抽筋
• 剝盡／剥尽

• 剝脫／剥脱
• 剝膚／剥肤
• 剝膚椎髓／剥肤椎髓
• 剝膚錐髓／剥肤锥髓
• 剝船／剥船
• 剝落／剥落
• 剝落斑殘／剥落斑残
• 剝蝕／剥蚀
• 剝蝕作用／剥蚀作用
• 剝離／剥离 (bōlí)
• 剝離作用／剥离作用
• 剝面皮／剥面皮
• 割剝／割剥
• 剽剝／剽剥
• 吞剝／吞剥
• 否剝／否剥
• 嗶剝／哔剥
• 嗶嗶剝剝／哔哔剥剥
• 團剝／团剥
• 圮剝／圮剥
• 屯剝／屯剥

• 彈剝／弹剥
• 必剝／必剥
• 必必剝剝／必必剥剥
• 抽剝／抽剥
• 抽筋剝皮／抽筋剥皮
• 抽絲剝繭／抽丝剥茧 (chōusībōjiǎn)
• 摧剝／摧剥
• 斑剝／斑剥
• 沒彈剝／没弹剥
• 洗剝／洗剥
• 活剝生吞／活剥生吞
• 環狀剝皮／环状剥皮
• 生吞活剝／生吞活剥
• 畢畢剝剝／毕毕剥剥
• 盤剝／盘剥 (pánbō)
• 網膜剝離／网膜剥离
• 老剝皮／老剥皮
• 脫剝／脱剥
• 蝕剝／蚀剥
• 蹇剝／蹇剥
• 重利盤剝／重利盘剥 (zhònglìpánbō)

References

• (Min Nan) “Entry #5741”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

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Japanese

Kanji

剝

(common “Jōyō” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 剥)

1. peel
2. peel off
3. strip

Readings

• Go-on: ほく (hoku)
• Kan-on: はく (haku, Jōyō)
• Kun: はがす (hagasu, 剝がす, Jōyō); はがれる (hagareru, 剝がれる, Jōyō); はげる (hageru, 剝げる, Jōyō); はぐ (hagu, 剝ぐ, Jōyō); むく (muku, 剝く)

Usage notes

Included in the 2010 jōyō reform instead of 剥, despite it having been standard in Japanese character sets.

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Korean

Hanja

剝 • (bak) (hangeul 박, revised bak, McCune–Reischauer pak, Yale pak)

1. to strip
2. undress
3. to cut, trim
4. injure

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Vietnamese

Han character

剝 (bác, bóc)

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