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剝

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 剥
剝 U+525D, 剝
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-525D
← 剜
[U+525C] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 剞 →
[U+525E]

Translingual

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Han character

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剝 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 女水中弓 (VELN), four-corner 22100, composition ⿰彔刂)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 141, character 21
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2049
  • Dae Jaweon: page 321, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 346, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+525D

Chinese

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trad. 剝/剥
simp. 剥
alternative forms
𠚩 ancient
𠚬
𠧓
𠛧
𭃄 erroneous
𠚩 ancient
𠚬
𠧓
𠛧
𭃄 erroneous
忉 erroneous
㣼 erroneous
 

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (彔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
剝 *proːɡ
龣 *kroːɡ, *roːɡ
祿 *roːɡ
淥 *roːɡ, *roɡ
睩 *roːɡ
琭 *roːɡ
箓 *roːɡ
碌 *roːɡ, *roɡ
盝 *roːɡ
娽 *roːɡ, *roɡ
彔 *b·roːɡ
趢 *roːɡ, *roɡ
簶 *roːɡ
綠 *roɡ
逯 *roɡ
錄 *roɡ
醁 *roɡ
騄 *roɡ
菉 *roɡ
籙 *roɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *proːɡ): phonetic 彔 (OC *b·roːɡ) + semantic 刂 (“knife”).

Etymology 1

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Note: bok1 - variant.
Note:
  • mok1 - vernacular;
  • mok2 - literary.
Note:
  • pak - vernacular (“to peel; to take off; to snatch”);
  • pok - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 剝
Mandarin Beijing /pɑu⁵⁵/
/po⁵⁵/
Harbin /pɤ²⁴/
Tianjin /pɑu²¹/
/po²¹/
Jinan /pə²¹³/
/pa²¹³/ ～皮
Qingdao /pa⁵⁵/ ～皮
/pə⁵⁵/ ～削
Zhengzhou /po²⁴/
Xi'an /po²¹/
Xining /pɔ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /puə¹³/
Lanzhou /pə¹³/
Ürümqi /pɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /po²¹³/
Chengdu /po³¹/
Guiyang /po²¹/
Kunming /po³¹/
Nanjing /poʔ⁵/
Hefei /pɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /paʔ²/
Pingyao /pʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /paʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /poʔ⁵/
Suzhou /poʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /poʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /po²¹³/
Hui Shexian /pɔʔ²¹/
Tunxi /po⁵/
Xiang Changsha /po²⁴/
Xiangtan /po²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /pɔʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /pok̚¹/
Taoyuan /pok̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /mɔk̚⁵/
Nanning /pɔk̚³³/
Hong Kong /pɔk̚⁵/
/mɔk̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /pak̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /pɔuʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /pɔ²⁴/
/pu²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /pak̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔbak̚⁵/
Rime
Character 剝
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 覺 (10)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 北角切
Baxter paewk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pˠʌk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pᵚɔk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pɔk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/paɨwk̚/
Li
Rong 		/pɔk̚/
Wang
Li 		/pɔk̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/pɔk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		bok3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 剝
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		bō
Middle
Chinese 		‹ pæwk ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[p]ˁrok/ (~ *mə-pˁrok)
English flay, peel

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 剝
Reading # 1/1
No. 8539
Phonetic
component 		录
Rime
group 		屋
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		剥
Old
Chinese 		/*proːɡ/

Definitions

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剝

  1. (Classical) to cut apart, split
  2. to peel; to skin; to shell
    香蕉要拿皮剝脫伊再吃得來個。 [Shanghainese, trad.]
    香蕉要拿皮剥脱伊再吃得来个。 [Shanghainese, simp.]
    1shian-ciau 5iau 1ne 6bi 7poq-theq7-yi6 1tse 7chiq-teq7 6le 0gheq [Wugniu]
    You have to peel the banana before you can eat it.
  3. (of skin, paint, etc.) to fall off; to erode; to come off
  4. (Cantonese, Hakka, Zhongshan Min) to take off (clothes)
  5. (Hokkien) to take off; to remove; to take down (something attached to something else)
    剝目鏡／剥目镜 [Hokkien]  ―  pak ba̍k-kiàⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to take off one's eyeglasses
    剝手指／剥手指 [Hokkien]  ―  pak chhiú-chí [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to take off one's ring
  6. (Classical) exposed, without cover; naked
  7. (now in compounds) to strip; to deprive; to exploit
    1. (Hokkien) to snatch; to take away by force; to rob; to mug
    2. (Classical, government) to strip someone of (a position) i.e. to fire someone
    3. (figurative) to rip off, plagiarize
  8. twenty-third hexagram "Splitting Apart" of the I Ching, represented by the symbol ䷖
  9. (Classical) to decline, diminish
  10. Used in onomatopoeias.

Usage notes

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Use 剝／剥 (bō) for peeling something with one's hands, like a tangerine. Use 削 (xiāo) for peeling something with a knife or peeler, like a potato.

Synonyms
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  • (to take off):
Dialectal synonyms of 脫 (“to take off (clothes)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 脫, 褪
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 脫, 褪
Taiwan 脫
Harbin 脫
Malaysia 脫
Singapore 脫
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 脫, 褪
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 脫
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 脫
Xi'an 脫
Xining 脫
Xuzhou 脫
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 脫
Lanzhou 脫
Ürümqi 脫
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 脫
Wuhan 脫
Guiyang 脫
Guilin 脫
Liuzhou 脫, 褪, 解
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 脫
Yangzhou 脫, 褪
Hefei 脫, 褪
Cantonese Guangzhou 除, 脫
Hong Kong 除, 剝, 解
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 剝
Macau 剝
Guangzhou (Panyu) 除
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 脫
Guangzhou (Conghua) 除, 脫
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 除
Foshan 除
Foshan (Shunde) 除
Foshan (Sanshui) 除
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 除
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 剝
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 剝
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 剝
Zhuhai (Doumen) 剝
Jiangmen (Baisha) 除, 剝
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 除
Taishan 脫, 剝
Kaiping (Chikan) 脫
Enping (Niujiang) 脫
Heshan (Yayao) 除
Dongguan 脫, 除
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 剝
Yangjiang 褪
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 除
Penang (Guangfu) 除
Singapore (Guangfu) 除
Gan Nanchang 脫
Lichuan 脫
Pingxiang 推, 剝, 脫
Hakka Meixian 脫
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 脫
Dongguan (Qingxi) 剝
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 剝
Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng) 脫
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 剝
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 剝
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 脫
Yudu 脫
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 脫
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 脫
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 脫
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 脫
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 脫
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 脫
Huizhou Jixi 脫, 褪
Jin Taiyuan 脫
Xinzhou 脫
Northern Min Jian'ou 褪
Songxi 褪
Jianyang 褪
Eastern Min Fuzhou 褪
Gutian 褪
Ningde 褪
Zhouning 褪
Fuding 褪
Southern Min Xiamen 褪
Quanzhou 褪
Jinjiang 褪
Yongchun 褪
Zhangzhou 褪
Taipei 褪
New Taipei (Sanxia) 褪
Kaohsiung 褪
Yilan 褪
Changhua (Lukang) 褪
Taichung 褪
Tainan 褪
Hsinchu 褪
Kinmen 褪
Penghu (Magong) 褪
Penang (Hokkien) 褪
Singapore (Hokkien) 褪
Manila (Hokkien) 褪
Longyan 脫
Datian 褪
Chaozhou 褪
Shantou 褪
Jieyang 褪
Singapore (Teochew) 褪
Leizhou 褪
Haikou 解
Puxian Min Putian 褪
Central Min Yong'an 脫
Sanming (Sanyuan) 脫
Sanming (Shaxian) 脫
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 剝
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 剝
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 脫
Wu Shanghai 脫
Shanghai (Chongming) 脫
Suzhou 脫, 褪
Wuxi 脫
Danyang 脫
Hangzhou 脫
Ningbo 脫
Wenzhou 脫
Jinhua 脫, 褪
Xiang Changsha 脫
Loudi 脫
Shuangfeng 脫

Compounds

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Descendants

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  • → Proto-Tai: *poːkᴰ (“peel”)

Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of 剝 – see 駁 (“to refute; to transport by barge”).
(This character is an obsolete form of 駁).

Etymology 3

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For pronunciation and definitions of 剝 – see 撲 (“to beat”).
(This character is an obsolete form of 撲).

References

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Japanese

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Shinjitai

剥

Kyūjitai

剝

Kanji

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剝

(Jōyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 剥)

  1. peel
  2. peel off
  3. strip

Readings

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Usage notes

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Included in the 2010 jōyō reform instead of 剥, despite it having been standard in Japanese character sets.

Korean

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Hanja

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剝 (eum 박 (bak))

  1. to strip
  2. undress
  3. to cut, trim
  4. injure

Vietnamese

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Han character

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剝: Hán Nôm readings: bác, bóc

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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