合作

Chinese

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hézuò

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hap⁶ zok³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ha̍p-chok
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): ha̍p-chok

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hah⁸ zag⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hézuò
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ ㄗㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hézuò
    • Wade–Giles: ho²-tso⁴
    • Yale: hé-dzwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hertzuoh
    • Palladius: хэцзо (xɛczo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hap⁶ zok³
    • Yale: hahp jok
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hap⁹ dzok⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: heb⁶ zog³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐp̚² t͡sɔːk̚³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ha̍p-chok
    • Hakka Romanization System: hab zog^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: hab⁶ zog⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /hap̚⁵ t͡sok̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ha̍p-chok
    • Tâi-lô: ha̍p-tsok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: habzog
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hap̚²⁴⁻² t͡sɔk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔk̚³²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hah⁸ zag⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ha̍h tsak
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /haʔ⁴⁻² t͡sak̚²/

Etymology 1

		to close; to gather; to join to close; to gather; to join; to fit; all; together	to regard as; to take (somebody) for; to do to regard as; to take (somebody) for; to do; to make
simp. and trad. (合作)		合	作
anagram		作合

Verb

合作

1. to cooperate; to collaborate; to work together

   合作機制／合作机制  ―  hézuò jīzhì  ―  cooperative mechanism

   合作協議／合作协议  ―  hézuò xiéyì  ―  cooperation agreement

   司法合作  ―  sīfǎ hézuò  ―  judicial cooperation

   中外合作  ―  zhōngwài hézuò  ―  Sino-foreign cooperation

   促進地區間的合作 [MSC, trad.]
   促进地区间的合作 [MSC, simp.]

   cùjìn dìqū jiān de hézuò [Pinyin]

   to promote regional cooperation

   洽商合作事宜  ―  qiàshāng hézuò shìyí  ―  to discuss matters relating to cooperation

   謝謝您的合作。／谢谢您的合作。  ―  Xièxie nín de hézuò.  ―  Thanks for your cooperation.

   市政府與公司簽署了合作框架協議。 [MSC, trad.]
   市政府与公司签署了合作框架协议。 [MSC, simp.]

   Shìzhèngfǔ yǔ gōngsī qiānshǔ le hézuò kuàngjià xiéyì. [Pinyin]

   The city government has signed a cooperative framework agreement with the company.

Synonyms

(deprecated template usage)

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• 一力 (yīlì)
• 並肩／并肩 (bìngjiān) (figurative)
• 併力／并力 (bìnglì) (literary)
• 共同努力 (gòngtóng nǔlì)
• 勠力 (lùlì) (literary)
• 協作／协作 (xiézuò)
• 協力／协力 (xiélì)
• 協同／协同 (xiétóng)
• 合力 (hélì)
• 合夥／合伙 (héhuǒ)
• 合手 (héshǒu)
• 合把 (hébǎ) (Beijing Mandarin)
• 戮力 (lùlì) (literary)
• 拍檔／拍档 (pāidàng) (chiefly Cantonese)
• 提攜／提携 (tíxié)
• 搭檔／搭档 (dādàng)
• 搭配 (dāpèi)
• 牽手／牵手 (qiānshǒu) (figurative)
• 聯手／联手 (liánshǒu) (figurative)
• 通力 (tōnglì) (literary)
• 配合

 

Proper noun

(deprecated template usage) 合作

1. (～鎮) Hezuo Town (a town in Qidong, Jiangsu, China)

Etymology 2

		phonetic
simp. and trad. (合作)		合	作
anagram		作合

Phono-semantic matching of Tibetan གཙོས (gtsos).

Proper noun

(deprecated template usage) 合作

1. (～市) Hezuo (a county-level city in Gannan prefecture, Gansu, China)

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
合	作
がっ Grade: 2	さく Grade: 2
on'yomi

Noun

合(がっ)作(さく) • (gassaku) 

1. collaboration, producing something together

Verb

合(がっ)作(さく)する • (gassaku suru) suru (stem 合(がっ)作(さく)し (gassaku shi), past 合(がっ)作(さく)した (gassaku shita))

1. to collaborate

Conjugation

Conjugation of "合作する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	合作し	がっさくし	gassaku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	合作し	がっさくし	gassaku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	合作する	がっさくする	gassaku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	合作する	がっさくする	gassaku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	合作すれ	がっさくすれ	gassaku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	合作せよ¹ 合作しろ²	がっさくせよ¹ がっさくしろ²	gassaku seyo¹ gassaku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	合作される	がっさくされる	gassaku sareru
Causative	合作させる 合作さす	がっさくさせる がっさくさす	gassaku saseru gassaku sasu
Potential	合作できる	がっさくできる	gassaku dekiru
Volitional	合作しよう	がっさくしよう	gassaku shiyō
Negative	合作しない	がっさくしない	gassaku shinai
Negative continuative	合作せず	がっさくせず	gassaku sezu
Formal	合作します	がっさくします	gassaku shimasu
Perfective	合作した	がっさくした	gassaku shita
Conjunctive	合作して	がっさくして	gassaku shite
Hypothetical conditional	合作すれば	がっさくすれば	gassaku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

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Korean

Hanja in this term
合	作

Noun

合作 • (hapjak) (hangeul 합작)

1. hanja form^? of 합작 (“collaboration”)

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Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
合	作

Verb

合作

1. chữ Hán form of hợp tác (“to cooperate; to collaborate”).