植物

Chinese

		to plant	thing; object; matter
simp. and trad. (植物)		植	物

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zhíwù

  (Zhuyin): ㄓˊ ㄨˋ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җыву (žɨvu, I-III)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zik⁶ mat⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhṳ̍t-vu̍t
• Eastern Min (BUC): sĭk-ŭk
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): si̍t-bu̍t

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sêg⁴ muêh⁸

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁸zeq-veq

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhíwù → zhíwu (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Zhuyin: ㄓˊ ㄨˋ → ㄓˊ ˙ㄨ (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhíhwů
    • Wade–Giles: chih²-wu⁵
    • Yale: jŕ-wu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyr.wuh
    • Palladius: чжиу (čžiu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ u⁵¹/ → /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ u³/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 植物 職務／职务

  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җыву (žɨvu, I-III)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴ vou⁴⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zik⁶ mat⁶
    • Yale: jihk maht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzik⁹ mat⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: jig⁶ med⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɪk̚² mɐt̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ̍t-vu̍t
    • Hakka Romanization System: ciid vud
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cid⁶ vud⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨt̚⁵ vut̚⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sĭk-ŭk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siʔ⁵⁻³³ uʔ⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si̍t-bu̍t
    • Tâi-lô: si̍t-bu̍t
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sidbut
    • IPA (Xiamen): /sit̚⁴⁻³² but̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sit̚²⁴⁻² but̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ but̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /sit̚⁴⁻³² but̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sit̚⁴⁻³² but̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sêg⁴ muêh⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sek mue̍h
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sek̚²⁻⁴ mueʔ⁴/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁸zeq-veq
    • MiniDict: zeh^入 veh
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵zeq-veq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zəʔ¹¹ vəʔ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: driH|dzyik mjut

Rime
Character	植	植	物
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)	常 (25)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	之 (19)	職 (134)	物 (60)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	直吏切	常職切	文弗切
Baxter	driH	dzyik	mjut
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨH/	/d͡ʑɨk̚/	/mɨut̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖɨH/	/d͡ʑɨk̚/	/miut̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡieH/	/d͡ʑiek̚/	/miuət̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖɨH/	/d͡ʑik̚/	/mut̚/
Li Rong	/ȡiəH/	/ʑiək̚/	/miuət̚/
Wang Li	/ȡĭəH/	/ʑĭək̚/	/mĭuət̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱiH/	/ʑi̯ək̚/	/mi̯uət̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhì	shí	wù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi6	sik6	mat6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-t<r>ək-s|m-t<r>ək-s|m-tək  C.mut/

  (Zhengzhang): /*dɯɡs|djɯɡ  mɯd/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	植	植	植	物
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhí	zhí	zhí	wù
Middle Chinese	‹ driH ›	‹ driH ›	‹ dzyik ›	‹ mjut ›
Old Chinese	/*N-t<r>ək-s/	/*m-t<r>ək-s/	/*m-tək/	/*C.mut/
English	grow, flourish	to plant, set upright	to plant; plants	thing
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	植	植	物
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
No.	17263	17273	13218
Phonetic component	直	直	勿
Rime group	代	職	物
Rime subdivision	0	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	值	寔	物
Old Chinese	/*dɯɡs/	/*djɯɡ/	/*mɯd/

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 植物

1. (botany) plant; vegetation; flora (Classifier: 棵 m; 樖 c)

Synonyms

(deprecated template usage)

• 株 (zhū)
• 植 (zhí) (literary, or in compounds)
• 植株 (zhízhū)
• 植被 (zhíbèi)
• 歲物／岁物 (suìwù) (literary)
• 綠色植物／绿色植物 (lǜsè zhíwù)
• 花卉 (huāhuì)
• 花草 (huācǎo)
• 草木 (cǎomù)

 

See also

• 動物／动物 (dòngwù, “animal”)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (植物):

• → Japanese: 植物(しょくぶつ) (shokubutsu)
• → Korean: 식물(植物) (singmul)
• → Vietnamese: thực vật (植物)

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
植	物
うえ Grade: 3	もの Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Kanji in this term
植	物
しょく Grade: 3	ぶつ Grade: 3
on’yomi

Noun

植(しょく)物(ぶつ) or 植(うえ)物(もの) • (shokubutsu or uemono) ^{←うゑもの (wemono)?}

1. plant; vegetation

Usage notes

The Chinese-derived reading shokubutsu is more common.

Antonyms

• 動物 (dōbutsu, “animal”)

References

• 2000, Jonathan Bunt, Gillian Hall, The Oxford Starter Japanese Dictionary, First Edition, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

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Korean

Hanja in this term
植	物

Noun

植物 • (singmul) (hangeul 식물)

1. Hanja form^? of 식물 (“plants, vegetation”).

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Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
植	物

Noun

植物

1. Template:han tu form of