溢

Translingual

Han character

溢 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 水廿金廿 (ETCT), four-corner 3811₇, composition ⿰氵益)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 640, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17951
• Dae Jaweon: page 1047, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1707, character 5
• Unihan data for U+6EA2

---

Chinese

simp. and trad.		溢
alternative forms		㳑 洫 𭂚

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (益) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
隘	*qreːɡs
賹	*qreːɡs
搤	*qreːɡs, *qreːɡ
縊	*qleːɡs, *qleɡs
螠	*qleɡs
謚	*ɢliɡs, *qleɡ
諡	*ɢliɡs
蠲	*kʷliːŋ
溢	*liɡ
鎰	*liɡ
齸	*lig, *qleg
貖	*qreːɡ
益	*qleɡ
嗌	*qleɡ
膉	*qleɡ
鷁	*ŋɡleːɡ
艗	*ŋɡleːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *liɡ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 益 (OC *qleɡ) – an overflowing liquid, water. 益 (yì) also has sense of “to increase”, hence connotation of “increase to point of overflowing”.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yì (yi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jat⁶
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): ioh / iak / ek

  (Teochew, Peng'im): êg⁸ / êg⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yì
    • Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yì
    • Wade–Giles: i⁴
    • Yale: yì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
    • Palladius: и (i)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jat⁶
    • Yale: yaht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jat⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yed⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐt̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ioh
    • Tâi-lô: ioh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ioiq
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /ioʔ³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ioʔ⁵/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɤʔ³²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iak
    • Tâi-lô: iak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iag
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iak̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ek
    • Tâi-lô: ik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: eg
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iɪk̚³²/

Note:

• ioh - vernacular;
• iak/ek - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: êg⁸ / êg⁴
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: e̍k / ek
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ek̚⁴/, /ek̚²/

---

• Middle Chinese: yit

Rime
Character	溢
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	質 (48)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	夷質切
Baxter	yit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiɪt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/jit̚/
Shao Rongfen	/jet̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jit̚/
Li Rong	/iĕt̚/
Wang Li	/jĭĕt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ĕt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jat6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-q(r)ik/

  (Zhengzhang): /*liɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	溢
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yì
Middle Chinese	‹ yit ›
Old Chinese	/*N-q(r)ik/
English	overflow
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	溢
Reading #	1/1
No.	15076
Phonetic component	益
Rime group	質
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	逸
Old Chinese	/*liɡ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 溢

1. to overflow; to brim over
2. ^† to flood
3. ^† to be full of; to be brimming with
4. excessive; excessively
5. ^† to exceed
6. ^† vigorous
7. ^† An ancient unit of capacity.
8. ^† (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 鎰／镒 (yì, “An ancient unit of weight.”).

---

Japanese

Kanji

溢

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. to overflow

Readings

• Go-on: いち (ichi)
• Kan-on: いつ (itsu)
• Kun: あふれる (afureru, 溢れる); みちる (michiru, 溢ちる)

Compounds

• 咲(さ)き溢(こぼ)れる (sakikoboreru)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
溢
いつ Jinmeiyō
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 溢 (MC yit).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Affix

溢(いつ) • (itsu) 

1. overflow
2. excessive

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 溢(いっ)血(けつ) (ikketsu, “hemorrhage”)
• 充(じゅう)溢(いつ) (jūitsu)

---

Korean

Hanja

溢 (eum 일 (il))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 해일 (海溢, haeil)

---

Vietnamese

Han character

溢: Hán Việt readings: dật (弋(dặc)質(chất)切(thiết))
溢: Nôm readings: dật, ải

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.