瑞

Translingual

Han character

瑞 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一土山一月 (MGUMB), four-corner 1212₇, composition ⿰𤣩耑)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 738, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21131
• Dae Jaweon: page 1148, character 28
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1126, character 10
• Unihan data for U+745E

---

Chinese

simp. and trad.		瑞

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 瑞
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (耑) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
揣	*toːlʔ, *sʰrolʔ
褍	*toːlʔ, *toːn
惴	*tjols
圌	*djol, *djon
篅	*djol, *djon
瑞	*djols
端	*toːn
剬	*toːn, *tjonʔ
偳	*toːn, *tʰoːn
鍴	*toːn
耑	*toːn
踹	*toːns, *djonʔ
湍	*tʰoːn, *tjon
煓	*tʰoːn
貒	*tʰoːn, *tʰoːns
諯	*stʰons, *tjon, *tʰjons, *djon
顓	*tjon
喘	*tʰjonʔ
遄	*djon
輲	*djon
椯	*djon
歂	*djon, *djonʔ
腨	*djonʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djols) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 耑 (OC *toːn).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): ruì (rui⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨㄟˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): sui⁴ / rui⁴

• Cantonese (Jyutping): seoi⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sui
• Northern Min (KCR): sṳ̄
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): sūi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sui⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ruì
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄟˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ruèi
    • Wade–Giles: jui⁴
    • Yale: rwèi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ruey
    • Palladius: жуй (žuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: sui⁴ / rui⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sui / rhui
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /suei²¹³/, /zuei²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: seoi⁶
    • Yale: seuih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soey⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: sêu⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵy̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sui
    • Hakka Romanization System: sui
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sui⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /su̯i⁵⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sṳ̄
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sy⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sūi
    • Tâi-lô: suī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sui
    • IPA (Xiamen): /sui²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sui⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sui²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /sui³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sui³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sui⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sŭi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sui³⁵/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 瑞
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʐuei⁵¹/
	Harbin	/luei²¹³/ /ʐuei²¹³/
	Tianjin	/ʐuei⁵³/
	Jinan	/luei²¹/
	Qingdao	/ʂue⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʐuei³¹²/
	Xi'an	/fei⁴⁴/
	Xining	/fɨ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/ʐuei¹³/
	Lanzhou	/fei¹³/
	Ürümqi	/vei²¹³/
	Wuhan	/suei³⁵/
	Chengdu	/suei¹³/ /zuei¹³/
	Guiyang	/suei²¹³/
	Kunming	/ʂuei²¹²/
	Nanjing	/ʐuəi⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/ʂue⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/zuei⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/suei³⁵/
	Hohhot	/ʐuei⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/zø²³/
	Suzhou	/ze³¹/
	Hangzhou	/zz̩ʷei¹³/
	Wenzhou	/zz̩²²/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕye²²/
	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕyei⁵⁵/
	Xiangtan	/ɕyəi⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/sui²¹/ ～金
Hakka	Meixian	/sui⁵³/
	Taoyuan	/sui⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/søy²²/
	Nanning	/sui²²/
	Hong Kong	/søy²²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/sui²²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/suɔi²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/sy⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/sui³⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/sui³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: dzyweH

Rime
Character	瑞
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	支 (12)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	是僞切
Baxter	dzyweH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiuᴇH/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑʷiɛH/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjuɛH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑwiə̆H/
Li Rong	/ʑiueH/
Wang Li	/ʑǐweH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑwie̯H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shuì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	seoi6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]or-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*djols/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	瑞
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	ruì
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyweH ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]or-s/
English	jade tablet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	瑞
Reading #	1/1
No.	2499
Phonetic component	耑
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	睡
Old Chinese	/*djols/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 瑞

1. ^† token made of jade
2. auspicious omen
3. auspicious
4. a surname

---

Japanese

Kanji

瑞

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. congratulations

Readings

• Go-on: ずい (zui)
• Kan-on: すい (sui)
• Kun: みず (mizu, 瑞)^{←みづ (midu, 瑞, historical)}、しるし (shirushi, 瑞)、みつ (mitsu, 瑞)、たま (tama, 瑞)、めでたい (medetai, 瑞い)

Compounds

• 瑞気
• 瑞祥
• 瑞西
• 瑞兆
• 瑞鶴
• 瑞夢
• 瑞垣
• 瑞穂国

---

Korean

Hanja

瑞 (eumhun 상서로울 서 (sangseoroul seo))

1. hanja form^? of 서 (“auspicious; lucky”)

---

Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 瑞 (thuỵ, thụy)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.