眼鏡
Chinese
| eye | mirror; lens | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (眼鏡) | 眼 | 鏡 | |
| simp. (眼镜) | 眼 | 镜 | |
Pronunciation
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Noun
(deprecated template usage) 眼鏡
- glasses; eyeglasses; spectacles (Classifier: 副 m c)
Synonyms
Derived terms
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Descendants
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 眼 | 鏡 |
| め Grade: 5 |
かね > がね Grade: 4 |
| kun’yomi | irregular |
Probably originally a compound of 目 (me, “eye”) + 金 (kane, “metal”, in reference to the metal used in eyeglass frames). The kane changes to gane as an instance of rendaku (連濁). The spelling is jukujikun (熟字訓), based on an apparent borrowing from Chinese (see the gankyō reading below).
Appears in texts from the late 1500s.[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
Derived terms
- 色眼鏡 (iro megane, “colored glasses”)
- 色眼鏡で見る (iro megane de miru, “to see or look at something through colored glasses”)
- お眼鏡 (omegane, “(honorific) judgement”)
- 蟹眼鏡 (kani megane, “a kind of binocular for use on a cannon”)
- 絡繰り眼鏡 (karakuri megane, “peep show”)
- 黒眼鏡 (kuro megane, “sunglasses, dark glasses”)
- 水中眼鏡 (suichū megane, “hydroscope, water glass, swimming goggles”)
- 伊達眼鏡 (date megane, “glasses for show”)
- 塵除け眼鏡 (chiriyoke megane, “protection glasses”)
- 遠眼鏡 (tōmegane, “telescope, binoculars”)
- 錦眼鏡 (nishiki megane, “kaleidoscope”)
- 覗き眼鏡 (nozoki megane, “peep show; water glass”)
- 箱眼鏡 (hako megane, “water glass”)
- 鼻眼鏡 (hana megane, “pince-nez”)
- 百色眼鏡 (hyakuiro megane, “kaleidoscope”)
- 百眼鏡 (hyaku megane, “kaleidoscope”)
- 股眼鏡 (mata megane, “looking through or between one's legs”)
- 水眼鏡 (mizu megane, “swimming goggles”)
- 虫眼鏡 (mushi megane, “magnifying glass”)
- 眼鏡絵 (megane e, “painting designed to be viewed through a special type of glasses”)
- 眼鏡が狂う (megane ga kuruu, “to have bad judgement”)
- 眼鏡越し (meganegoshi, “seeing through glasses”)
- 眼鏡猿 (meganezaru, “tarsier”)
- 眼鏡違い (megane chigai, “misjudgement”)
- 眼鏡にかなう (megane ni kanau, “to win the favour of”)
- 眼鏡橋 (meganebashi, “arched bridge”)
- 眼鏡蛇 (megane hebi, “Indian cobra, spectacled cobra”)
- 雪眼鏡 (yuki megane, “snow goggles”)
- ロイド眼鏡 (roido megane, “thick round celluloid glasses”)
Descendants
- Korean: 메가나 (megana)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 眼 | 鏡 |
| がん Grade: 5 |
きょう Grade: 4 |
| kan’on | goon |
/ɡankjau/ → /ɡankjɔː/ → /ɡankjoː/
Probably a borrowing from written Chinese 眼鏡／眼镜 (yǎnjìng). Eyeglasses are first mentioned in Chinese in the 1400s as 靉靆／叆叇 (aidai?), a transcription of an Arabic term. By the late Ming dynasty, eyeglasses appear in writing as 靉靆即眼鏡／叆叇即眼镜 (“aidai, i.e. eye-lenses”), using the compound term 眼鏡／眼镜 (yǎnjìng, literally “eye + lens”). Compare modern Min Nan reading gán-kiàⁿ.
This reading appears in texts from the 1920s.[1]
Pronunciation
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Noun
眼鏡 • (gankyō) ←がんきやう (gankyau)?
- (military, possibly archaic) glasses, eyeglasses
Usage notes
This reading was mostly used by the military.[1] The standalone term gankyō may be somewhat archaic now.
Note that there are compounds that end in 眼鏡 (gankyō) that appear to be derived from this term. However, Japanese sources parse these as deriving from other terms ending in 眼 (gan, “eye”) that are then suffixed with 鏡 (kyō, “lens”).
See also
- 望遠鏡 (bōenkyō): telescope
- 顕微鏡 (kenbikyō): microscope
- 潜望鏡 (senbōkyō): periscope
- 万華鏡 (mangekyō): kaleidoscope
- オペラグラス (operagurasu): opera glasses
Terms that appear to be derived from 眼鏡 (gankyō), but that are not actually derivations:
- 遠眼鏡 (engankyō): glasses to correct farsightedness
- 近眼鏡 (kingankyō): glasses to correct nearsightedness
- 検眼鏡 (kengankyō): an ophthalmoscope
- 双眼鏡 (sōgankyō): binoculars
- 天眼鏡 (tengankyō): a magnifying glass
- 両眼鏡 (ryōgankyō): alternative for 双眼鏡 (sōgankyō): binoculars
- 老眼鏡 (rōgankyō): reading glasses
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 眼 | 鏡 |
Noun
Okinawan
Etymology 1
Cognate with Japanese 眼鏡 (gankyō, “eyeglasses”), ultimately deriving from written Chinese 眼鏡／眼镜 (yǎnjìng). Eyeglasses are first mentioned in Chinese in the 1400s as 靉靆／叆叇 (aidai?), a transcription of an Arabic term. By the late Ming dynasty, eyeglasses appear in writing as 靉靆即眼鏡／叆叇即眼镜 (“aidai, i.e. eye-lenses”), using the compound term 眼鏡／眼镜 (yǎnjìng, literally “eye + lens”). Compare modern Min Nan reading gán-kiàⁿ.
Noun
眼鏡 (ganchō)
Derived terms
- 目眼鏡 (mīganchō, “glasses”)
Etymology 2
Compound of 眼 (mī, “eye”, also spelled 目 when used in isolation) + 鏡 (kagan, “mirror; lens”).
Noun
眼鏡 (mīkagan)
References
- Chinese lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Chinese nouns classified by 副
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Cantonese terms with usage examples
- Elementary Mandarin
- zh:Eyewear
- Japanese terms spelled with 眼 read as め
- Japanese terms spelled with 鏡
- Japanese compound terms
- Japanese terms with rendaku
- Japanese terms spelled with jukujikun
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with two Han script characters
- Japanese terms spelled with 眼 read as がん
- Japanese terms spelled with 鏡 read as きょう
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Chinese
- ja:Military
- Japanese terms with archaic senses
- Japanese basic words
- ja:Eyewear
- Korean lemmas
- Korean nouns
- Korean nouns in Han script
- Okinawan terms derived from Chinese
- Okinawan lemmas
- Okinawan nouns
- Okinawan terms with multiple readings
- Okinawan terms spelled with fifth grade kanji
- Okinawan terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Okinawan terms written with two Han script characters
- Okinawan compound terms
- ryu:Eyewear