研究

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See also: 硏究

Chinese

grind fine; study; research after all; to investigate; to study carefully
trad. (研究)
simp. #(研究)
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Pronunciation

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Verb

研究

  1. to research; to study
    科學研究科学研究  ―  kēxué yánjiū  ―  scientific research
    研究對象研究对象  ―  yánjiū duìxiàng  ―  research subject
    研究開發研究开发  ―  yánjiū kāifā  ―  to research and develop; to do R&D
  2. to deliberate; to discuss; to investigate
    這個問題有待研究 [MSC, trad.]
    这个问题有待研究 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhège wèntí yǒudài yánjiū. [Pinyin]
    This problem requires discussion.

Synonyms

  • (to research):
(deprecated template usage)
  • (to deliberate):
(deprecated template usage)

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 研究

  1. (countable) research; study; investigation (Classifier: m)
    可行性研究  ―  kěxíngxìng yánjiū  ―  feasibility study
  2. (uncountable) research; study; investigation; deliberation; discussion
    研究方向  ―  yánjiū fāngxiàng  ―  research direction
    研究方法  ―  yánjiū fāngfǎ  ―  research method
    研究成果  ―  yánjiū chéngguǒ  ―  research findings

Derived terms

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Descendants

Sino-Xenic (研究):

See also

(deprecated template usage)


Japanese

Kanji in this term
けん
Grade: 3
きゅう
Grade: 3
on'yomi
Alternative spelling
硏究 (kyūjitai)

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Chinese 研究 (ngen *kiuH?). Compare modern (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Hakka ngiên-kiu, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Eastern Min ngiĕng-géu, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Min Nan gián-kiù.

The original on'yomi for the first character was gen, more closely matching the Chinese origins. For reasons unknown, the reading shifted from gen to a kan'yō yomi of ken.

Pronunciation

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Noun

(けん)(きゅう) (kenkyū

  1. a piece of research, a study, investigation
    • 1928, 寺田寅彦, 雑感:
      間違(まちが)える(こと)なしには研究(けんきゅう)(すす)められない。
      Machigaeru koto nashi ni wa kenkyū wa susumerarenai.
      Research cannot advance without mistakes along the way.

Derived terms

Verb

(けん)(きゅう)する (kenkyū surusuru (stem (けん)(きゅう) (kenkyū shi), past (けん)(きゅう)した (kenkyū shita))

  1. to research, to study
    • 1931, 宮本百合子, 五ヵ年計画とソヴェトの芸術:
      これらの作品(さくひん)研究(けんきゅう)された。
      Korera no sakuhin ga kenkyū sareta.
      These works have been studied.

Conjugation

References

  • Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term

Noun

研究 (yeon'gu) (hangeul 연구)

  1. Alternative form of 硏究 (research)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term

Verb

研究

  1. chữ Hán form of nghiên cứu (to research).