竭

Translingual

Han character

竭 (Kangxi radical 117, 立+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿日心女 (YTAPV), four-corner 0612₇, composition ⿰立曷)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 872, character 29
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25803
• Dae Jaweon: page 1303, character 17
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2713, character 20
• Unihan data for U+7AED

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Chinese

trad.		竭
simp. #		竭

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 竭
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (曷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
愒	*kʰaːds, *kʰrads, *kʰrad
馤	*qaːds
靄	*qaːds, *qaːd
餲	*qraːds, *qrads, *ɡaːd, *qaːd
喝	*qraːds, *qʰoːb, *qʰaːd
揭	*kʰrads, *ked, *kʰrad, *ɡrad, *kad, *ɡad
偈	*ɡrads, *ɡrad
猲	*kʰob, *qʰaːd, *qʰad
葛	*kaːd
輵	*kaːd
獦	*klaːd, *rab
渴	*kʰaːd, *ɡrad
嵑	*kʰaːd
暍	*qʰaːd, *qad
曷	*ɡaːd
褐	*ɡaːd
鶡	*ɡaːd
毼	*ɡaːd
蝎	*ɡaːd
鞨	*ɡaːd, *ɢljad
遏	*qaːd
齃	*qaːd
堨	*qaːd
擖	*kʰreːd, *kraːd, *r'aːb
楬	*kʰraːd, *ɡrad, *ɡad
朅	*kʰrad
藒	*kʰrad
竭	*ɡrad, *ɡad
碣	*ɡrad, *ɡad
羯	*kad
鍻	*kad
歇	*qʰad
蠍	*qʰad
謁	*qad

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jié (jie²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kit³
• Northern Min (KCR): giĕ
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kia̍t / ke̍h / kha̍t

  (Teochew, Peng'im): giag⁸

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jié
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jié
    • Wade–Giles: chieh²
    • Yale: jyé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jye
    • Palladius: цзе (cze)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: kit³
    • Yale: kit
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kit⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: kid³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰiːt̚³/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: giĕ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiɛ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kia̍t
    • Tâi-lô: kia̍t
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiat
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɛt̚⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɛt̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɛt̚²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ke̍h
    • Tâi-lô: ke̍h
    • Phofsit Daibuun: keh
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /keʔ⁴/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kha̍t
    • Tâi-lô: kha̍t
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qat
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰat̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: giag⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kia̍k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiak̚⁴/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 竭
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕiɛ³⁵/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕie⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕiə⁴²/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕiə⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/
	Xining	/t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕie¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕiə¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕiɤ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕie²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕie³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕie²¹/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕiɛ³¹/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕieʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕiɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕiəʔ⁵⁴/
	Pingyao
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕiaʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/d͡ʑiɪʔ¹/
	Suzhou	/d͡ʑiəʔ³/
	Hangzhou	/d͡ʑiəʔ²/
	Wenzhou	/d͡ʑi²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕieʔ²¹/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕia⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕie²⁴/
	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕie²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/kʰiat̚⁵/
	Taoyuan	/kʰiet̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/hit̚³/
	Nanning	/kʰit̚³³/
	Hong Kong	/hit̚³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/kiat̚⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/kieʔ⁵/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/kiɛ²⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/kiak̚⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/kit̚⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: gjot, gjet

Rime
Character	竭	竭
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	群 (30)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	月 (67)	薛 (83)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	其謁切	渠列切
Baxter	gjot	gjet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡɨɐt̚/	/ɡˠiᴇt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡiɐt̚/	/ɡᵚiɛt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiɐt̚/	/ɡiæt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gɨat̚/	/giat̚/
Li Rong	/ɡiɐt̚/	/ɡjɛt̚/
Wang Li	/ɡĭɐt̚/	/ɡĭɛt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/gɨ̯ɐt̚/	/gi̯ɛt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jié	jié
Expected Cantonese Reflex	git6	git6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-[k](r)at/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrad/, /*ɡad/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	竭
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jié
Middle Chinese	‹ gjet ›
Old Chinese	/*N-[k](r)at/
English	exhaust (v.); dry up
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	竭	竭
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	5051	5060
Phonetic component	曷	曷
Rime group	月	月
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	傑	𢷒
Old Chinese	/*ɡrad/	/*ɡad/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 竭

1. to shoulder
2. to dry up; to drain
3. to exhaust; to use up

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Japanese

Kanji

竭

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

• On (unclassified): けつ (ketsu)
• Kun: つきる (tsukiru), つくす (tsukusu)

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Korean

Hanja

竭 • (gal, geol) (hangeul 갈, 걸, revised gal, geol, McCune–Reischauer kal, kŏl, Yale kal, kel)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 竭 (kiệt)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.