綺麗

See also: 绮丽

Chinese[edit]

		beautiful; open-work silk	beautiful; Korea
trad. (綺麗)		綺	麗
simp. (绮丽)		绮	丽

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qǐlì

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˇ ㄌㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ji² lai⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khí-lē

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qǐlì
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˇ ㄌㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cǐlì
  - Wade–Giles: chʻi³-li⁴
  - Yale: chǐ-lì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiilih
  - Palladius: цили (cili)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    綺麗／绮丽
    起立
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ji² lai⁶
  - Yale: yí laih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ji² lai⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yi² lei⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiː³⁵ lɐi̯²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khí-lē
  - Tâi-lô: khí-lē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qyle
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ le²²/

Middle Chinese: khjeX lejH

Rime
Character	綺	麗
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	支 (13)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	IV
Fanqie	墟彼切	郎計切
Baxter	khjeX	lejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰˠiᴇ^X/	/lei^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰᵚiɛ^X/	/lei^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰiɛ^X/	/lɛi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰjiə̆^X/	/lɛj^H/
Li Rong	/kʰje^X/	/lei^H/
Wang Li	/kʰǐe^X/	/liei^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰie̯^X/	/liei^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qǐ	lì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hei²	lai⁶

Adjective[edit]

綺麗

gorgeous; beautiful; enchanting

Synonyms[edit]

俊 (jùn)
俊俏 (jùnqiào) (attractive and smart)
俊秀 (jùnxiù)
俊美 (jùnměi) (of a young male)
俏麗／俏丽 (qiàolì) (usually of a female)
奇麗／奇丽 (qílì) (singularly beautiful)
好看 (hǎokàn)
妖嬌／妖娇 (“iau-kiau”) (Hokkien)
妍美 (yánměi) (literary)
姣美 (jiāoměi) (formal, of a face or posture)
嬌豔／娇艳 (jiāoyàn) (delicate and charming)
嬌逸／娇逸 (jiāoyì) (literary, of a young male)
悅目／悦目 (yuèmù)
是樣／是样 (shìyàng) (colloquial)
標緻／标致 (biāozhì) (usually of a woman)
清秀 (qīngxiù)
漂亮
秀媚 (xiùmèi)
秀美 (xiùměi)
秀麗／秀丽 (xiùlì)
繁華／繁华 (fánhuá) (literary)
美觀／美观 (měiguān)
美麗／美丽 (měilì)
耐看 (nàikàn)
花花 (huāhuā) (literary)
豔麗／艳丽 (yànlì)
邊式／边式 (biānshi) (regional, of dress, physique, etc.)
體面／体面 (tǐmiàn)
鮮亮／鲜亮 (xiānliàng) (dialectal)
鮮麗／鲜丽 (xiānlì)

Japanese[edit]

Kanji in this term
綺	麗
き Jinmeiyō	れい Grade: S
on’yomi	kan’on

Alternative spellings
奇麗キレイ (informal)

Etymology[edit]

Ultimately from written Chinese 綺麗, 奇麗／绮丽, 奇丽. First attested in Japanese in the 1200s.^[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

(Tokyo) きれー [kíꜜrèè] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [kʲiɾe̞ː]

Adjective[edit]

綺(き)麗(れい) • (kirei) -na (adnominal 綺(き)麗(れい)な (kirei na), adverbial 綺(き)麗(れい)に (kirei ni))

[from late 1300s] pretty, gorgeous, beautiful
Synonyms: 美しい (utsukushii), 麗しい (uruwashii), (dialect) きれか (kireka)

綺麗(きれい)な空(そら)
kirei na sora
a beautiful sky

綺麗(きれい)な音(おと)
kirei na oto
a beautiful sound
[from 1200s] clear, clean, pure
Synonyms: 清浄 (seijō, “pure”), 清らか (kiyoraka, “clean, clear (as of water)”), すっきり (sukkiri, adverb)
[from early 1600s] clean, not dirty
Synonyms: 清潔 (seiketsu), すっきり (sukkiri, adverb)
[from 1682] tidy, neat, everything put away
Synonym: さっぱり (sappari, adverb)

部屋(へや)をきれいにする
heya o kirei ni suru
to tidy up one's room

このラベルはきれいにはがせます。
Kono raberu wa kirei ni hagasemasu.
This label can be peeled off cleanly.
[from 1711] fair, impartial, of clear conscience

Usage notes[edit]

This term is often spelled in hiragana.

Inflection[edit]

Inflection of 綺麗

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	綺麗だろ	きれいだろ	kirei daro
Continuative (連用形)	綺麗で	きれいで	kirei de
Terminal (終止形)	綺麗だ	きれいだ	kirei da
Attributive (連体形)	綺麗な	きれいな	kirei na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	綺麗なら	きれいなら	kirei nara
Imperative (命令形)	綺麗であれ	きれいであれ	kirei de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	綺麗ではない綺麗じゃない	きれいではないきれいじゃない	kirei de wa nai kirei ja nai
Informal past	綺麗だった	きれいだった	kirei datta
Informal negative past	綺麗ではなかった綺麗じゃなかった	きれいではなかったきれいじゃなかった	kirei de wa nakatta kirei ja nakatta
Formal	綺麗です	きれいです	kirei desu
Formal negative	綺麗ではありません綺麗じゃありません	きれいではありませんきれいじゃありません	kirei de wa arimasen kirei ja arimasen
Formal past	綺麗でした	きれいでした	kirei deshita
Formal negative past	綺麗ではありませんでした綺麗じゃありませんでした	きれいではありませんでしたきれいじゃありませんでした	kirei de wa arimasen deshita kirei ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	綺麗で	きれいで	kirei de
Conditional	綺麗なら（ば）	きれいなら（ば）	kirei nara (ba)
Provisional	綺麗だったら	きれいだったら	kirei dattara
Volitional	綺麗だろう	きれいだろう	kirei darō
Adverbial	綺麗に	きれいに	kirei ni
Degree	綺麗さ	きれいさ	kireisa

References[edit]

^ “綺麗・奇麗”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

[KDJ2-1] “綺麗・奇麗”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-3] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

[3]

綺麗

Contents

Chinese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

Usage notes[edit]

Inflection[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

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綺麗

Chinese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

Usage notes[edit]

Inflection[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

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