綺麗
(Redirected from 綺麗な)
See also: 绮丽
Chinese
[edit]beautiful; open-work silk | beautiful; Korea | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (綺麗) | 綺 | 麗 | |
simp. (绮丽) | 绮 | 丽 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˇ ㄌㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cǐlì
- Wade–Giles: chʻi3-li4
- Yale: chǐ-lì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiilih
- Palladius: цили (cili)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 綺麗/绮丽
起立
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: ji2 lai6
- Yale: yí laih
- Cantonese Pinyin: ji2 lai6
- Guangdong Romanization: yi2 lei6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiː³⁵ lɐi̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khí-lē
- Tâi-lô: khí-lē
- Phofsit Daibuun: qyle
- IPA (Xiamen): /kʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ le²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Middle Chinese: khjeX lejH
Adjective
[edit]綺麗
Synonyms
[edit]- 俊 (jùn)
- 俊俏 (jùnqiào) (attractive and smart)
- 俊秀 (jùnxiù)
- 俊美 (jùnměi) (of a young male)
- 俏麗/俏丽 (qiàolì) (usually of a female)
- 奇麗/奇丽 (qílì) (singularly beautiful)
- 好看 (hǎokàn)
- 妖嬌/妖娇 (“iau-kiau”) (Hokkien)
- 妍美 (yánměi) (literary)
- 姣美 (jiāoměi) (formal, of a face or posture)
- 嬌豔/娇艳 (jiāoyàn) (delicate and charming)
- 嬌逸/娇逸 (jiāoyì) (literary, of a young male)
- 悅目/悦目 (yuèmù)
- 是樣/是样 (shìyàng) (colloquial)
- 標緻/标致 (biāozhì) (usually of a woman)
- 清秀 (qīngxiù)
- 漂亮
- 秀媚 (xiùmèi)
- 秀美 (xiùměi)
- 秀麗/秀丽 (xiùlì)
- 繁華/繁华 (fánhuá) (literary)
- 美觀/美观 (měiguān)
- 美麗/美丽 (měilì)
- 耐看 (nàikàn)
- 花花 (huāhuā) (literary)
- 豔麗/艳丽 (yànlì)
- 邊式/边式 (biānshi) (regional, of dress, physique, etc.)
- 體面/体面 (tǐmiàn)
- 鮮亮/鲜亮 (xiānliàng) (dialectal)
- 鮮麗/鲜丽 (xiānlì)
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
綺 | 麗 |
き Jinmeiyō |
れい Grade: S |
on'yomi | kan'on |
Alternative spellings |
---|
奇麗 キレイ (informal) |
Etymology
[edit]Ultimately from written Chinese 綺麗, 奇麗/绮丽, 奇丽. First attested in Japanese in the 1200s.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]綺麗 • (kirei) -na (adnominal 綺麗な (kirei na), adverbial 綺麗に (kirei ni))
- [from late 1300s] pretty, gorgeous, beautiful
- [from 1200s] clear, clean, pure
- [from early 1600s] clean, not dirty
- [from 1682] tidy, neat, everything put away
- [from 1711] fair, impartial, of clear conscience
Usage notes
[edit]This term is often spelled in hiragana.
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of 綺麗
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 綺麗だろ | きれいだろ | kirei daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 綺麗で | きれいで | kirei de |
Terminal (終止形) | 綺麗だ | きれいだ | kirei da |
Attributive (連体形) | 綺麗な | きれいな | kirei na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 綺麗なら | きれいなら | kirei nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 綺麗であれ | きれいであれ | kirei de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 綺麗ではない 綺麗じゃない |
きれいではない きれいじゃない |
kirei de wa nai kirei ja nai |
Informal past | 綺麗だった | きれいだった | kirei datta |
Informal negative past | 綺麗ではなかった 綺麗じゃなかった |
きれいではなかった きれいじゃなかった |
kirei de wa nakatta kirei ja nakatta |
Formal | 綺麗です | きれいです | kirei desu |
Formal negative | 綺麗ではありません 綺麗じゃありません |
きれいではありません きれいじゃありません |
kirei de wa arimasen kirei ja arimasen |
Formal past | 綺麗でした | きれいでした | kirei deshita |
Formal negative past | 綺麗ではありませんでした 綺麗じゃありませんでした |
きれいではありませんでした きれいじゃありませんでした |
kirei de wa arimasen deshita kirei ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 綺麗で | きれいで | kirei de |
Conditional | 綺麗なら(ば) | きれいなら(ば) | kirei nara (ba) |
Provisional | 綺麗だったら | きれいだったら | kirei dattara |
Volitional | 綺麗だろう | きれいだろう | kirei darō |
Adverbial | 綺麗に | きれいに | kirei ni |
Degree | 綺麗さ | きれいさ | kireisa |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ “綺麗・奇麗”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Categories:
- Mandarin terms with homophones
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Chinese adjectives
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- Cantonese adjectives
- Hokkien adjectives
- Middle Chinese adjectives
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 綺
- Chinese terms spelled with 麗
- Japanese terms spelled with 綺 read as き
- Japanese terms spelled with 麗 read as れい
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Chinese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
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- Japanese な-na adjectives
- Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji
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