腕

腕 U+8155, 腕 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8155 ← 腔 [U+8154] CJK Unified Ideographs 腖 → [U+8156]

Translingual

Han character

腕 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 月十弓山 (BJNU), four-corner 7321₂, composition ⿰月宛)

Related characters

• 碗 婉

References

• KangXi: page 987, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29631
• Dae Jaweon: page 1440, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2092, character 4
• Unihan data for U+8155

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Chinese

trad.		腕
simp. #		腕
alternative forms		掔 ancient

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (夗) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
涴	*qoːls, *qoːn, *qonʔ
埦	*qoːn
豌	*qoːn
剜	*qoːn
眢	*qoːn, *qon
蜿	*qoːn, *qon, *qonʔ
帵	*qoːn
碗	*qoːnʔ
椀	*qoːnʔ
盌	*qoːnʔ
腕	*qoːns
惋	*qoːns
捥	*qoːns
睕	*qoːns, *qonʔ, *qoːd
琬	*qoːns, *qonʔ
鴛	*quːn, *qon
鵷	*qon
惌	*qon, *qonʔ
宛	*qon, *qonʔ
怨	*qon, *qons
葾	*qon
夗	*qonʔ
婉	*qonʔ
菀	*qonʔ, *qud
苑	*qonʔ, *qons
踠	*qonʔ
畹	*qonʔ, *qons
倇	*qonʔ
晼	*qonʔ
黦	*qod, *qod, *qud
焥	*qoːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qoːns): semantic ⺼ (“meat, body part”) + phonetic 宛 (OC *qon, *qonʔ) – a part of the body.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): wàn (wan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wun²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): vón
• Jin (Wiktionary): van³
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): óaⁿ / oán

  (Teochew, Peng'im): uang²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: wàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄢˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wann
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wàn
    • Wade–Giles: wan4
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: wun²
    • Yale: wún
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wun²
    • Guangdong Romanization: wun²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuːn³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vón
    • Hakka Romanization System: von`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: von³
    • Sinological IPA: /von³¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: van³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /væ̃⁴⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: óaⁿ / oán
    • Tâi-lô: uánn / uán
    • Phofsit Daibuun: voar, oarn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /uã⁵³/, /uan⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /uã⁵⁵⁴/, /uan⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /uã⁵³/, /uan⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /uã⁵³/, /uan⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /uã⁴¹/, /uan⁴¹/

Note:

• óaⁿ - vernacular;
• oán - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: uang²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uáng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uaŋ⁵²/

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• Middle Chinese: /ʔuɑn^H/

Rime
Character	腕
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	烏貫切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔuɑnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔʷɑnH/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔuɑnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔwanH/
Li Rong	/ʔuɑnH/
Wang Li	/uɑnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔuɑnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wun3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*qoːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	腕
Reading #	1/1
No.	16275
Phonetic component	夗
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	惋
Old Chinese	/*qoːns/

Definitions

腕

1. wrist
2. arm (of invertebrates)

Compounds

• 令人扼腕
• 偏袒扼腕
• 偏袒搤腕
• 壯士斷腕／壮士断腕 (zhuàngshìduànwàn)
• 壯士解腕／壮士解腕
• 懸腕／悬腕
• 手腕 (shǒuwàn)
• 扼腕 (èwàn)
• 提腕

• 搤腕
• 攘袂扼腕
• 枕腕
• 皓腕 (hàowàn)
• 耍手腕
• 肐膊腕子
• 腕子 (wànzi)
• 腕法
• 腕足

• 腕釧／腕钏
• 腕隧道症
• 腕骨 (wàngǔ)
• 腳腕子／脚腕子 (jiǎowànzi)
• 腿腕子 (tuǐwànzi)
• 迴腕／回腕
• 運腕／运腕
• 鐵腕／铁腕 (tiěwàn)

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Japanese

Kanji

腕

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. arm
2. ability
3. talent

Readings

• Go-on: わん (wan, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: わん (wan, Jōyō)
• Kun: うで (ude, 腕, Jōyō); かいな (kaina, 腕)

Compounds

• 腕(うで)輪(わ) (udewa, “bracelet”)
• 腕(わん)白(ぱく) (wanpaku, “naughty”)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
腕
うで Grade: S
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) うで​ [ùdéꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [ɯ̟ᵝde̞]

Noun

腕(うで) • (ude)  (counter 本)

1. (anatomy) arm
   • 2006 December 9, Sorachi, Hideaki, “第(だい)百十九訓(くん)　四人(にん)揃(そろ)えばいろんな知(ち)恵(え) [Lesson 119: Four Heads Are Better Than One]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 14 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:

     ……腕(うで)がなんで二本(ほん)あるかしってるか　それはな

     ……Ude ga nan de ni-hon aru ka shitteru ka Sore wa na

     ……Do you know why we have two hands? For situations like this

     早(はや)まるな万事(よろず)屋(や)‼希(き)望(ぼう)を捨(す)てるな

     Hayamaru na yorozuya‼ Kibō o suteru na

     Hang in there, do-it-all guy‼ Don’t give up hope just yet

2. ability; skill; talent

Etymology 2

From an original form kapina, reduced first to kaɸina, then kawina, then kaina.

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) か​いな [káꜜìnà] (Atamadaka – [1])
• (Tokyo) かいな [kàíná] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ka̠ina̠]

Noun

腕(かいな) • (kaina) ^{←かひな (kafina)?}

1. arm

Etymology 3

Noun

腕(ただむき) • (tadamuki) 

1. arm

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Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 腕 (MC ʔuɑn^H).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean ᅙᅪᆫ〮 (Yale: qwán) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 완〯 (wǎn) (Yale: wǎn) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [wa̠(ː)n]
• Phonetic hangul: [완(ː)]
  • Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource

腕 (eumhun 팔 완 (pal wan))

1. Hanja form^? of 완 (“arm; wrist”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 완장 (腕章, wanjang)
• 촉완 (觸腕, chogwan)
• 완력 (腕力, wallyeok)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

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Vietnamese

Han character

腕: Hán Nôm readings: oản, uyển

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.