菱

See also: 蔆

Translingual

Han character

菱 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿土金水 (TGCE), four-corner 4440₇, composition ⿱艹夌)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1039, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31219
• Dae Jaweon: page 1498, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3229, character 1
• Unihan data for U+83F1

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Chinese

trad.		菱
simp. #		菱

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (夌) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
棱	*rɯːŋ
稜	*rɯːŋ
輘	*rɯːŋ
倰	*rɯːŋ
祾	*rɯːŋ, *rɯŋ
踜	*rɯːŋs
凌	*rɯŋ
菱	*rɯŋ
陵	*rɯŋ
綾	*rɯŋ
鯪	*rɯŋ
淩	*rɯŋ
夌	*rɯŋ
蔆	*rɯŋ
崚	*rɯŋ
掕	*rɯŋ
𩜁	*rɯŋs
庱	*r̥ʰɯŋ, *r̥ʰɯŋʔ
睖	*r̥ʰɯŋ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): líng (ling²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ling⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lêng

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: líng
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: líng
    • Wade–Giles: ling²
    • Yale: líng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ling
    • Palladius: лин (lin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /liŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ling⁴
    • Yale: lìhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ling⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: ling⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɪŋ²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lêng
    • Tâi-lô: lîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: leeng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /liɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /liɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɪŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /liɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɪŋ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: ling

Rime
Character	菱
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	蒸 (133)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力膺切
Baxter	ling
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɨŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/lɨŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/lieŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/liŋ/
Li Rong	/liəŋ/
Wang Li	/lĭəŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯əŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	líng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ling4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*rɯŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	菱
Reading #	1/1
No.	8245
Phonetic component	夌
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	陵
Old Chinese	/*rɯŋ/
Notes	同蔆，省文，見呂氏春秋

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 菱

1. water caltrop; water chestnut (Trapa natans)

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Japanese

Kanji

菱

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. diamond (shape); rhombus

Readings

• Go-on: りょう (ryō)
• Kan-on: りょう (ryō)
• Kun: ひし (hishi, 菱)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
菱
ひし Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

菱(ひし) or 菱(ヒシ) • (hishi) 

1. water caltrop

Usage notes

• As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ヒシ.

Derived terms

• 浜(ハマ)菱(ビシ) (hamabishi)
• 鉄(てつ)菱(びし) (tetsubishi)

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Korean

water caltrop seeds in diamond shape (마름모, 菱形)

Hanja

菱 • (reung>neung) (hangeul 릉>능, revised reung>neung, McCune–Reischauer rŭng>nŭng, Yale lung>nung)

1. (마름): water caltrop, compare water chestnut.

Usage notes

• It may be implausible to use water chestnut synonymously or confusingly, which is also synonymous to which is unrelated to water caltrop.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 菱 (lăng, năng, trăng)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.