釜

See also: 釡

釜 U+91DC, 釜 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91DC ← 釛 [U+91DB] CJK Unified Ideographs 針 → [U+91DD]

Translingual

Han character

釜 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+2, 10 strokes, Cangjie input 金大一土金 (CKMGC), four-corner 8010₉, composition ⿱父⿻王丷)

Derived characters

• 滏

Additional Derived Characters

• 𪞪, 𱜄, 𬫻, 𩱉, 𪄇

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1296, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40164
• Dae Jaweon: page 1799, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2039, character 8
• Unihan data for U+91DC

Chinese

simp. and trad.		釜
alternative forms		釡 𨥏 𪺛 鬴 𩱉 釡 𨥏 𪺛 鬴 𩱉 𠿽

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 釜
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (父) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
抪	*paː, *paːs
布	*paːs
佈	*paːs
怖	*pʰaːs
斧	*paʔ
父	*paʔ, *baʔ
蚥	*paʔ, *baʔ
滏	*baʔ
釜	*baʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *baʔ): phonetic 父 (OC *paʔ, *baʔ) + semantic 金 (“metal”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fǔ (fu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fu²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): phù

  (Hailu, HRS): pu

• Eastern Min (BUC): hū
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hu³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hú

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hu²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵fu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fǔ
    • Wade–Giles: fu³
    • Yale: fǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuu
    • Palladius: фу (fu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: fu²
    • Yale: fú
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fu²
    • Guangdong Romanization: fu²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuː³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phù
    • Hakka Romanization System: pu^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: pu²
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰu¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: pu
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰu⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: hū
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu³³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hu³
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hû
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu⁴⁵³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu³³²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hú
    • Tâi-lô: hú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: huo
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /hu⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /hu⁵⁵⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /hu⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /hu⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /hu⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hu²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hú
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵fu
    • MiniDict: fu^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²fu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /fu³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: bjuX

Rime
Character	釜
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	扶雨切
Baxter	bjuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨoX/
Pan Wuyun	/bioX/
Shao Rongfen	/bioX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buə̆X/
Li Rong	/bioX/
Wang Li	/bĭuX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱi̯uX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fu6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*baʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	釜
Reading #	1/1
No.	3503
Phonetic component	父
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	父
Old Chinese	/*baʔ/
Notes	同鬴

Definitions

釜

1. cauldron; pot; kettle
2. (obsolete) A measure of capacity.

Compounds

• 三釜
• 以飴沃釜 / 以饴沃釜
• 及熱釜炊 / 及热釜炊
• 櫟釜 / 栎釜
• 沉舟破釜
• 焚舟破釜
• 焦釜
• 狗烹錡釜 / 狗烹锜釜
• 瓦釜之鳴 / 瓦釜之鸣
• 瓦釜雷鳴 / 瓦釜雷鸣
• 甑塵釜魚 / 甑尘釜鱼
• 破釜沉舟 (pòfǔchénzhōu)
• 破釜沉船
• 臼中無釜 / 臼中无釜
• 釜中之魚 / 釜中之鱼
• 釜中生魚 / 釜中生鱼
• 釜中魚 / 釜中鱼
• 釜山 (Fǔshān)
• 釜底抽薪 (fǔdǐchōuxīn)
• 釜底枯魚 / 釜底枯鱼
• 釜底游魚 / 釜底游鱼
• 釜底遊魂 / 釜底游魂
• 釜裡之魚 / 釜里之鱼
• 釜魚幕燕 / 釜鱼幕燕
• 鍾釜 / 钟釜
• 雷鳴瓦釜 / 雷鸣瓦釜
• 魚遊釜中 / 鱼游釜中
• 魚遊釜底 / 鱼游釜底

References

• “釜”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “釜”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 69.

Japanese

Kanji

釜

(Jōyō kanji)

1. kettle, cauldron

Readings

• Go-on: ぶ (bu)
• Kan-on: ふ (fu)
• Kun: かま (kama, 釜, Jōyō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
釜
かま Grade: S
kun'yomi

Noun

釜(かま) • (kama) 

1. an iron pot, a kettle

Derived terms

• お釜(かま) (okama)
• 釜石(かまいし) (Kamaishi)
• 釜煎(かまい)り (kamairi), 釜熬(かまい)り (kamairi)
• 釜炒(かまい)り茶(ちゃ) (kamairicha)
• 釜師(かまし) (kamashi)
• 釜敷(かましき) (kamashiki)
• 釜場(かまば) (kamaba)
• 釜風呂(かまふろ) (kamafuro)
• 釜飯(かまめし) (kamameshi)
• 釜湯(かまゆ)で (kamayude)
• 後釜(あとがま) (atogama)
• 内釜(うちがま) (uchigama)
• 大釜(おおがま) (ōgama)
• 外釜(そとがま) (sotogama)
• 茶釜(ちゃがま) (chagama)
• 釣(つ)り釜(かま) (tsurikama)
• 電気釜(でんきがま) (denkigama)
• 土釜(どがま) (dogama)
• 鍋釜(なべかま) (nabekama)
• 羽釜(はがま) (hagama)
• 初釜(はつがま) (hatsugama)
• 一(ひと)つ釜(かま) (hitotsukama)
• 風呂釜(ふろがま) (furogama)

References

• “釜”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 釜 (MC bjuX). Recorded as Middle Korean 부〯 (pwǔ) (Yale: pwu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

釜 (eumhun 가마 부 (gama bu))

1. hanja form^? of 부 (“cauldron; pot”)

Compounds

• 경부선 (京釜線, Gyeongbuseon, “Gyeongbu Line”)
• 부산 (釜山, Busan)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

Han character

釜: Hán Nôm readings: phủ

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