閼

See also: 阏

Translingual

Han character

閼 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+8, 16 strokes, cangjie input 日弓卜尸卜 (ANYSY), four-corner 7723₃, composition ⿵門於)

1. block, obstruct, stop up, conceal

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1337, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41380
• Dae Jaweon: page 1843, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4306, character 3
• Unihan data for U+95BC

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Chinese

trad.		閼
simp.		阏

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (於) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
閼	*qran, *qeːn, *qaːd, *qad
菸	*qeːn, *qas
於	*qaː, *qa
淤	*qa, *qas
箊	*qa
唹	*qa
扵	*qa
瘀	*qas
棜	*qas

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yān, è, yù (yan¹, e⁴, yu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢ, ㄜˋ, ㄩˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jin¹ / aat³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): at
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): at

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yān
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yan
    • Wade–Giles: yen¹
    • Yale: yān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ian
    • Palladius: янь (janʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: è
    • Zhuyin: ㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: è
    • Wade–Giles: o⁴
    • Yale: è
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eh
    • Palladius: э (e)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yù
    • Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yù
    • Wade–Giles: yü⁴
    • Yale: yù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh
    • Palladius: юй (juj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /y⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jin¹ / aat³
    • Yale: yīn / aat
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jin¹ / aat⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: yin¹ / ad³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːn⁵⁵/, /aːt̚³/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: at
    • Hakka Romanization System: ad`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ad⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /at̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: at
    • Tâi-lô: at
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ad
    • IPA (Xiamen): /at̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /at̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /at̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /at̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /at̚³²/

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• Middle Chinese: 'en, 'jen, 'jot, 'at

Rime
Character	閼	閼	閼	閼
Reading #	1/4	2/4	3/4	4/4
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	影 (34)	影 (34)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	仙 (79)	月 (67)	曷 (63)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III	III	I
Fanqie	烏前切	於乾切	於歇切	烏葛切
Baxter	'en	'jen	'jot	'at
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔen/	/ʔˠiᴇn/	/ʔɨɐt̚/	/ʔɑt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔen/	/ʔᵚiɛn/	/ʔiɐt̚/	/ʔɑt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɛn/	/ʔiæn/	/ʔiɐt̚/	/ʔɑt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔɛn/	/ʔian/	/ʔɨat̚/	/ʔat̚/
Li Rong	/ʔen/	/ʔjɛn/	/ʔiɐt̚/	/ʔɑt̚/
Wang Li	/ien/	/ĭɛn/	/ĭɐt̚/	/ɑt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔien/	/ʔi̯ɛn/	/ʔɨ̯ɐt̚/	/ʔɑt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yān	yān	ye	e
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jin1	jin1	jit3	ot3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*qˤat/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qran/, /*qeːn/, /*qaːd/, /*qad/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	閼
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	è
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔat ›
Old Chinese	/*qˁat/
English	repress; cease
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	閼	閼	閼	閼
Reading #	1/4	2/4	3/4	4/4
No.	15807	15808	15820	15821
Phonetic component	於	於	於	於
Rime group	元	元	月	月
Rime subdivision	1	2	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	焉	煙	遏	謁
Old Chinese	/*qran/	/*qeːn/	/*qaːd/	/*qad/
Notes	閼氏見史記

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 閼

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• “閼”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

閼

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: あち (achi); えん (en)
• Kan-on: あつ (atsu); えん (en)
• Kan’yō-on: あ (a)
• Kun: とどめる (todomeru, 閼める); ふさぐ (fusagu, 閼ぐ)

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Korean

Hanja

閼 • (al)

• Eumhun:
  • Sound (hangeul): 알 (revised: al, McCune–Reischauer: al, Yale: al)
  • Name (hangeul): 가로막을 알
    

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.