頑

See also: 顽

Translingual

Han character

頑 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+4, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一山一月金 (MUMBC), four-corner 1128₆, composition ⿰元頁)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1401, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43374
• Dae Jaweon: page 1917, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4359, character 8
• Unihan data for U+9811

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Chinese

trad.		頑
simp.		顽

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (元) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
冠	*kŋoːn, *kŋoːns
莞	*kŋoːn, *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋroːnʔ
脘	*ŋkoːnʔ
筦	*ŋkoːnʔ
梡	*ŋ̊ʰoːnʔ, *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːnʔ
岏	*ŋoːn
刓	*ŋoːn
园	*ŋoːn
忨	*ŋoːn, *ŋoːns
蚖	*ŋoːn, *ŋon
黿	*ŋoːn, *ŋon
抏	*ŋoːn
玩	*ŋoːns
貦	*ŋoːns
翫	*ŋoːns
妧	*ŋoːns
完	*ɦŋoːn
捖	*ɦŋoːn
垸	*ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːns
綄	*ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːnʔ
院	*ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋons
皖	*ɦŋoːnʔ, *ɦŋroːnʔ
晥	*ɦŋoːnʔ
浣	*ɦŋoːnʔ
頑	*ŋroːn, *ŋroːn
睆	*ɦŋroːnʔ
鯇	*ɦŋroːnʔ
元	*ŋon
沅	*ŋon
芫	*ŋon
杬	*ŋon
邧	*ŋon, *ŋonʔ
阮	*ŋon, *ŋonʔ
俒	*ɦŋuːn, *ɦŋuːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋroːn, *ŋroːn) : phonetic 元 (OC *ŋon) + semantic 頁.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): wán (wan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): waan⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): goân / oán

  (Teochew, Peng'im): nguang⁵ / nguêng⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wán
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wán
    • Wade–Giles: wan²
    • Yale: wán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wan
    • Palladius: вань (vanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wän³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: waan⁴
    • Yale: wàahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: waan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: wan⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /waːn²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: goân
    • Tâi-lô: guân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: goaan
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /ɡuan²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡuan¹³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡuan²³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oán
    • Tâi-lô: uán
    • Phofsit Daibuun: oarn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /uan⁵⁵⁴/

Note:

• goân - literary;
• oán - vernacular (俗).

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: nguang⁵ / nguêng⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nguâng / nguêng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/, /ŋueŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

• nguang5 - Shantou;
• nguêng5 - Chaozhou.

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• Middle Chinese: ngwaen

Rime
Character	頑
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	刪 (70)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	五還切
Baxter	ngwaen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋˠuan/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋʷᵚan/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋuɐn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋwaɨn/
Li Rong	/ŋuan/
Wang Li	/ŋwan/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋwan/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngaan4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋroːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	頑	頑
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	16138	16139
Phonetic component	元	元
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime		𤸷
Old Chinese	/*ŋroːn/	/*ŋroːn/
Notes	宋跋本王韻吳鰥反

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 頑

1. obstinate; stubborn; recalcitrant
2. stupid; ignorant
3. naughty; mischievous

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Japanese

Kanji

頑

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. stubborn

Readings

• Go-on: げん (gen)^{←げん (gen, historical)←ぐゑん (gwen, ancient)}
• Kan-on: がん (gan, Jōyō)^{←ぐわん (gwan, historical)}
• Kun: かたい (katai, 頑い); かたくな (katakuna, 頑な)

Derived terms

• 頑張(がんば)る (ganbaru)
• 頑張(がんば)って (ganbatte)

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Korean

Hanja

頑 • (wan) (hangeul 완, revised wan, McCune–Reischauer wan, Yale wan)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 頑 (ngoan, ngoãn)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.