恣

Translingual

Han character

恣 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 戈人心 (IOP) or 一人心 (MOP), four-corner 3733₈, composition ⿱次心)

1. indulge oneself, unrestrained

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 385, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10580
• Dae Jaweon: page 715, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2292, character 9
• Unihan data for U+6063

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Chinese

trad.		恣
simp. #		恣

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 恣
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (次) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
咨	*ʔsli
資	*ʔsli
姿	*ʔsli
粢	*ʔsli
諮	*ʔsli
恣	*ʔslis
澬	*ʔsli, *zli
趑	*sʰli
蠀	*sʰli
次	*sn̥ʰis
佽	*sl̥ʰis
絘	*sl̥ʰis
薋	*zli
瓷	*zli
茨	*zli
餈	*zli
垐	*zli, *zlɯɡ
楶	*ʔsliːɡ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zì (zi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ci³ / zi¹ / zi³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zì
    • Zhuyin: ㄗˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zìh
    • Wade–Giles: tzŭ⁴
    • Yale: dz̀
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyh
    • Palladius: цзы (czy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ci³ / zi¹ / zi³
    • Yale: chi / jī / ji
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsi³ / dzi¹ / dzi³
    • Guangdong Romanization: qi³ / ji¹ / ji³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiː³³/, /t͡siː⁵⁵/, /t͡siː³³/

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• Middle Chinese: tsijH

Rime
Character	恣
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	資四切
Baxter	tsijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡siɪH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡siH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sjɪH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡siH/
Li Rong	/t͡siH/
Wang Li	/t͡siH/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡siH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tsi[t]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔslis/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	恣
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zì
Middle Chinese	‹ tsijH ›
Old Chinese	/*tsi[t]-s/
English	unrestrained, license
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	恣
Reading #	1/1
No.	1790
Phonetic component	次
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	恣
Old Chinese	/*ʔslis/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 恣

1. to indulge oneself, to be profligate

   • 聖王不作，諸侯放恣，處士橫議。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     圣王不作，诸侯放恣，处士横议。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 孟子·滕文公下

     Shèng wáng bùzuò, zhūhóu fàng zì, chù shì héng yì. [Pinyin]

     Sage sovereigns cease to arise, the princes of the States give the reins to their lusts. Unemployed scholars indulge in unreasonable discussions.

2. to be unrestrained

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Japanese

Kanji

恣

(Jōyō kanji)

1. selfish

Readings

• On (unclassified): し (shi, Jōyō)
• Kun: ほしいまま (hoshiimama, 恣)

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Korean

Hanja

恣 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)

1. (deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

恣: Hán Việt readings: thư, tứ

1. (deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation