含淚

Chinese

		to keep; to contain	tears
trad. (含淚)		含	淚
simp. (含泪)		含	泪

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hánlèi

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˊ ㄌㄟˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ham⁴ leoi⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hâm-lūi

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hánlèi
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˊ ㄌㄟˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hánlèi
    • Wade–Giles: han²-lei⁴
    • Yale: hán-lèi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: harnley
    • Palladius: ханьлэй (xanʹlɛj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xän³⁵ leɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ham⁴ leoi⁶
    • Yale: hàhm leuih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ham⁴ loey⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: hem⁴ lêu⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐm²¹ lɵy̯²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hâm-lūi
    • Tâi-lô: hâm-luī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hamlui
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ham²⁴⁻²² lui²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ham²⁴⁻²² lui⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ham¹³⁻²² lui²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ham²⁴⁻¹¹ lui³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ham²³⁻³³ lui³³/

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• Middle Chinese: hom lwijH

Rime
Character	含	淚
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)	脂 (16)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	胡男切	力遂切
Baxter	hom	lwijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦʌm/	/liuɪH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦəm/	/lʷiH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɒm/	/ljuɪH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦəm/	/lwiH/
Li Rong	/ɣᴀm/	/luiH/
Wang Li	/ɣɒm/	/lwiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣăm/	/lwiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hán	lèi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ham4	leoi6

Verb

含淚

1. to have tears in one's eyes; to be teary-eyed

   • 大同江上別情人，楊柳千絲未繫人。含淚眼看含淚眼，斷腸人對斷腸人。 [Korean Literary Sinitic, trad.]

     From: Poem attributed to a Pyong'yang courtesan, 1800s

     Daedonggang sang byeol jeong'in, yangnyu cheon sa mi gye in. Hamnu an gan hamnu an, danjang in dae danjang in. [Sino-Korean]

     By the Taedong I bid my love farewell; the willow's thousand strands could not hold him back. Tearful eyes stare at tearful eyes, heartbroken woman facing heartbroken man.

   • 當天她伸嘴吻著我嘴　今天空虛使我夜半含淚 [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
     当天她伸嘴吻着我嘴　今天空虚使我夜半含泪 [Literary Cantonese, simp.]

     From: 鐘鎮濤 (lyricist 林敏驄), 《淚之旅》, 1985

     dong¹ tin¹ taa¹ san¹ zeoi² man⁵ zoek³ ngo⁵ zeoi², gam¹ tin¹ hung¹ heoi¹ sai² ngo⁵ je⁶ bun³ ham⁴ leoi⁶ [Jyutping]

     Those days, she brought her lips close and kissed mine, and today, emptiness makes me weep in the middle of the night

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (含淚):

• → Korean: 함루(含淚) (hamnu)

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