bellen
Dutch
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Dutch bellen. Equivalent to bel + -en.
Verb
[edit]bellen
- (intransitive) to ring, like using a bell
- (transitive) to call, by bell (originally) or (now mostly) telephone; to dial
Conjugation
[edit]| Conjugation of bellen (weak) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | bellen | |||
| past singular | belde | |||
| past participle | gebeld | |||
| infinitive | bellen | |||
| gerund | bellen n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | bel | belde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | belt, bel2 | belde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | belt | belde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | belt | belde | ||
| 3rd person singular | belt | belde | ||
| plural | bellen | belden | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | belle | belde | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | bellen | belden | ||
| imperative sing. | bel | |||
| imperative plur.1 | belt | |||
| participles | bellend | gebeld | ||
| 1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. | ||||
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle Dutch bellen, from Old Dutch *bellan, from Proto-West Germanic *bellan, from Proto-Germanic *bellaną. Cognate with English bellow, German bellen and Russian блеять (blejatʹ, “to bleat”).
Verb
[edit]bellen
- (regional, Southern) (intransitive) to bark, like a canine
- (regional, Southern) (transitive) to bark, scold, insult, rage at
Conjugation
[edit]| Conjugation of bellen (weak) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | bellen | |||
| past singular | belde | |||
| past participle | gebeld | |||
| infinitive | bellen | |||
| gerund | bellen n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | bel | belde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | belt, bel2 | belde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | belt | belde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | belt | belde | ||
| 3rd person singular | belt | belde | ||
| plural | bellen | belden | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | belle | belde | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | bellen | belden | ||
| imperative sing. | bel | |||
| imperative plur.1 | belt | |||
| participles | bellend | gebeld | ||
| 1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. | ||||
Etymology 3
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
[edit]bellen
German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German bëllen, from Old High German bëllan from Proto-Germanic *bellaną, cognate with English bellow, Russian блеять (blejatʹ, “baa", "bleat”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ˈbɛlən/
Audio (Austria): (file) Audio (Germany (Berlin)): (file) - Hyphenation: bel‧len
- Homophone: Bällen
Verb
[edit]bellen (weak, third-person singular present bellt, past tense bellte, past participle gebellt, auxiliary haben)
- (intransitive) to bark:
- (literally) like a canine
- 1929, Kurt Tucholsky, Das Lächeln der Mona Lisa (Sammelband), Ernst Rowohlt Verlag, page 138:
- Ein Hund bellt, wenn er mit den Sinnen etwas wahrgenommen hat; daraufhin, weil ihn sein Bellen erschreckt und aufregt, und des weiteren, weil sich das wahrgenommene Objekt um ihn kümmert, nicht um ihn kümmert oder davonläuft.
- A dog barks when he perceived something with the senses; thereupon, because his barking scares and upsets him, and furthermore, because the perceived object looks after him, does not look after him, or runs away.
- (figuratively) in a rude, loud human voice
- (literally) like a canine
Conjugation
[edit]| infinitive | bellen | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | bellend | ||||
| past participle | gebellt | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich belle | wir bellen | i | ich belle | wir bellen |
| du bellst | ihr bellt | du bellest | ihr bellet | ||
| er bellt | sie bellen | er belle | sie bellen | ||
| preterite | ich bellte | wir bellten | ii | ich bellte1 | wir bellten1 |
| du belltest | ihr belltet | du belltest1 | ihr belltet1 | ||
| er bellte | sie bellten | er bellte1 | sie bellten1 | ||
| imperative | bell (du) belle (du) |
bellt (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
(obsolete)
| infinitive | bellen | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | bellend | ||||
| past participle | gebollen | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich belle | wir bellen | i | ich belle | wir bellen |
| du billst | ihr bellt | du bellest | ihr bellet | ||
| er billt | sie bellen | er belle | sie bellen | ||
| preterite | ich ball ich boll |
wir ballen wir bollen |
ii | ich bölle1 | wir böllen1 |
| du ballst du bollst |
ihr ballt ihr bollt |
du böllest1 du böllst1 |
ihr böllet1 ihr böllt1 | ||
| er ball er boll |
sie ballen sie bollen |
er bölle1 | sie böllen1 | ||
| imperative | bill (du) | bellt (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “bellen”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache[1] (in German)
- “bellen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “bellen” in Duden online
- “bellen” in OpenThesaurus.de
- “bellen” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.
Middle High German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old High German bëllan, from Proto-West Germanic *bellan, from Proto-Germanic *bellaną. Cognate with Middle Low German bellen (Old Saxon *bellan), Middle Dutch bellen (Old Dutch *bellan), and Middle English bellen (Old English bellan.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]bëllen (class 3 strong, third-person singular present billet, past tense bal, past participle gebollen, past subjunctive bülle, auxiliary hān)
- (intransitive) to bark (of a dog)
- (intransitive, figurative) to bark (of a human)
- (transitive) to bark [with accusative ‘at (someone ~ something)’] (with an); to bebark
Conjugation
[edit]| infinitive | bëllen | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| genitive gerund | bëllennes bëllenes | ||||
| dative gerund | bëllenne bëllene | ||||
| present participle | bëllende | ||||
| past participle | gebollen | ||||
| auxiliary | hān | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich bille | wir bëllen | i | ich bëlle | wir bëllen |
| du billest | ir bëllet | du bëllest | ir bëllet | ||
| ër billet | sie bëllent | ër bëlle | sie bëllen | ||
| preterite | ich bal | wir bullen | ii | ich bülle | wir büllen |
| du bülle | ir bullet | du büllest | ir büllet | ||
| ër bal | sie bullen | ër bülle | sie büllen | ||
| imperative | bil (du) | bëllet (ir) | |||
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Benecke, Georg Friedrich; Müller, Wilhelm; Zarncke, Friedrich (1863), “bellen”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel
West Frisian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]bellen
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛlən
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛlən/2 syllables
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
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