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caler

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Caler

Aragonese

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Latin calēre. Compare Occitan caler and Catalan caldre.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /kaˈle(ɾ)/
  • Syllabification: ca‧ler
  • Rhymes: -e(ɾ)

Verb

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caler

  1. to be necessary
    Mi mai diz que cal que fez el minchar pa manyana
    My mom says that it's necessary that you cook the food for tomorrow.

Asturian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Latin calere.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /kaˈleɾ/ [kaˈleɾ]
  • Rhymes: -eɾ
  • Syllabification: ca‧ler

Verb

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caler

  1. (impersonal) to be convenient
    Synonyms: convenir, pervenir, cuadrar, (colloquial) pintar, xostrar
    Nun cal que vaigas.
    It isn't convenient that you go

Further reading

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  • “caler”, in Diccionariu de la llingua asturiana [Dictionary of the Asturian Language] (in Asturian), 1st edition, Academy of the Asturian Language [Asturian: Academia de la Llingua Asturiana], 2000, →ISBN
  • Xosé Lluis García Arias (2002–2004), “caler”, in Diccionario general de la lengua asturiana [General Dictionary of the Asturian Language] (in Spanish), Editorial Prensa Asturiana, →ISBN

Catalan

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Etymology

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Inherited from Latin calēre. Compare Occitan and Aragonese caler.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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caler (third-person only, third-person singular present cal, third-person singular preterite calgué, past participle calgut)

  1. alternative form of caldre

Conjugation

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    Central Catalan conjugation of caler (second conjugation, irregular, with velar infix, third-person only)
infinitive caler
gerund calent
past participle masculine feminine
singular calgut calguda
plural calguts calgudes
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè 		nosaltres
nós 		vosaltres
vós 		ells/elles
vostès
present — — cal — — calen
imperfect — — calia — — calien
future — — caldrà — — caldran
preterite — — calgué — — calgueren
conditional — — caldria — — caldrien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè 		nosaltres
nós 		vosaltres
vós 		ells/elles
vostès
present — — calgui — — calguin
imperfect — — calgués — — calguessin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós 		vostès
affirmative — — — — — —
negative (no) — — — — — —

Champenois

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Etymology

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From cale.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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caler

  1. (transitive) to cover the head
  2. (transitive) to give a haircut; to do the hair of
  3. (reflexive, se caler) to do one's own hair

References

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  • Daunay, Jean (1998), Parlers de Champagne : Pour un classement thématique du vocabulaire des anciens parlers de Champagne (Aube - Marne - Haute-Marne)‎[1] (in French), Rumilly-lés-Vaudes
  • Baudoin, Alphonse (1885), Glossaire de la forêt de Clairvaux‎[2] (in French), Troyes

French

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Old Occitan calar, from Ancient Greek χαλάω (khaláō).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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caler

  1. (transitive) to wedge (open) (a door)
  2. (transitive) to jam (machinery etc.), to stall (an engine)
  3. (intransitive) to stall (of driver, engine)
  4. (transitive) to fill (someone) up
  5. (intransitive, colloquial) (of person eating) to be full
  6. (transitive) to synchronize
  7. (Quebec, transitive) to chug (an alcoholic beverage)
  8. (Quebec, transitive) to be bald or balding, to go or be going bald

Conjugation

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Conjugation of caler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple caler
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple calant
/ka.lɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle calé
/ka.le/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present cale
/kal/ 		cales
/kal/ 		cale
/kal/ 		calons
/ka.lɔ̃/ 		calez
/ka.le/ 		calent
/kal/
imperfect calais
/ka.lɛ/ 		calais
/ka.lɛ/ 		calait
/ka.lɛ/ 		calions
/ka.ljɔ̃/ 		caliez
/ka.lje/ 		calaient
/ka.lɛ/
past historic2 calai
/ka.le/ 		calas
/ka.la/ 		cala
/ka.la/ 		calâmes
/ka.lam/ 		calâtes
/ka.lat/ 		calèrent
/ka.lɛʁ/
future calerai
/kal.ʁe/ 		caleras
/kal.ʁa/ 		calera
/kal.ʁa/ 		calerons
/kal.ʁɔ̃/ 		calerez
/kal.ʁe/ 		caleront
/kal.ʁɔ̃/
conditional calerais
/kal.ʁɛ/ 		calerais
/kal.ʁɛ/ 		calerait
/kal.ʁɛ/ 		calerions
/ka.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		caleriez
/ka.lə.ʁje/ 		caleraient
/kal.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present cale
/kal/ 		cales
/kal/ 		cale
/kal/ 		calions
/ka.ljɔ̃/ 		caliez
/ka.lje/ 		calent
/kal/
imperfect2 calasse
/ka.las/ 		calasses
/ka.las/ 		calât
/ka.la/ 		calassions
/ka.la.sjɔ̃/ 		calassiez
/ka.la.sje/ 		calassent
/ka.las/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — cale
/kal/ 		— calons
/ka.lɔ̃/ 		calez
/ka.le/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
past historic → present perfect
past anterior → pluperfect
imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Interlingua

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Verb

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caler

  1. to glow

Conjugation

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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Latin

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Verb

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caler

  1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of calō

Occitan

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Etymology

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From Old Occitan caler, from Latin calēre. Compare French chaloir, Franco-Provençal chalêr, Catalan caldre, caler and Aragonese caler.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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caler

  1. to be necessary

Conjugation

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    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)
simple compound
infinitive caler aver calgut
gerund calent use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle calgut —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present cal
imperfect caliá
preterite calrà
future calguèt
conditional calriá
conditional 2nd form1
compound
tenses 		present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present calga
imperfect calguèsse
compound
tenses 		past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
    Niçard
simple compound
infinitive caler

[kalˈe]

aver caugut

[kɔu̯ɡˈy(te)]

gerund calènt

[kalˈɛ̃ŋ]

use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle caugut

[kɔu̯ɡˈy(te)]

—
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu eu, ela nautres vautres elu, eli
present cau

[kˈɔu̯]

imperfect calia

[kalˈija]

preterite1 caudrà

[kɔu̯dʀˈa]

future cauguèt

[kɔu̯ɡˈɛ]

conditional caudria

[kɔu̯dʀˈija]

conditional 2nd form2 cauguèra

[kɔu̯ɡˈɛrɔ]

compound
tenses 		present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior1 use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que eu, ela que nautres que vautres que elu, eli
present caugue

[kɔu̯ɡˈe]

imperfect cauguesse

[kɔu̯ɡˈese]

compound
tenses 		past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nautres vautres —
1Obsolete or literary.

2Attested rarely in the upper Tinée valley (06).

References

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  • Guilhemjoan, Patric (2005), Diccionari elementari occitan-francés francés-occitan (gascon), Per Noste, →ISBN, page 41.

Old Occitan

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Etymology

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Inherited from Latin calēre.

Verb

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caler

  1. (reflexive, se caler) to care about; to be concerned about
    • 12th century, Bernard de Ventadour, Lo gens tems de pascor
      Ela.m ditz no m'en chal.
      She says it to me; I don't care

Usage notes

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  • Usually in negative constructions with the pronoun ne. Compare Old French chaloir.

Descendants

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  • Occitan: caler

References

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