cavar
Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]cavar (first-person singular present cavo, first-person singular preterite caví, past participle cavat)
- to dig
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | cavar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | cavant | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | cavat | cavada | |||||
plural | cavats | cavades | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | cavo | caves | cava | cavem | caveu | caven | |
imperfect | cavava | cavaves | cavava | cavàvem | cavàveu | cavaven | |
future | cavaré | cavaràs | cavarà | cavarem | cavareu | cavaran | |
preterite | caví | cavares | cavà | cavàrem | cavàreu | cavaren | |
conditional | cavaria | cavaries | cavaria | cavaríem | cavaríeu | cavarien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | cavi | cavis | cavi | cavem | caveu | cavin | |
imperfect | cavés | cavessis | cavés | cavéssim | cavéssiu | cavessin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
affirmative | — | cava | cavi | cavem | caveu | cavin | |
negative (no) | — | no cavis | no cavi | no cavem | no caveu | no cavin |
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “cavar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Galician
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Galician-Portuguese cavar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin cavāre, present active infinitive of cavō.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]cavar (first-person singular present cavo, first-person singular preterite cavei, past participle cavado)
- to dig
- to hoe
- 1303, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 150:
- Et dardeſ cada anno quatro dias de ſeara a noſſa graña de Pineyra, ṽn dia a eſcauar, outro a pudar, outro a cauar, outro a rãdar
- You'll give each year four days of work in our farm of Piñeira, one day for digging, another for prunning, another for hoeing, another for weeding
- Et dardeſ cada anno quatro dias de ſeara a noſſa graña de Pineyra, ṽn dia a eſcauar, outro a pudar, outro a cauar, outro a rãdar
- 1303, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 150:
- to break up
Conjugation
[edit]Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (ti) |
Third-person (el / ela / Vde.) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | cavar | |||||
Personal | cavar | cavares | cavar | cavarmos | cavardes | cavaren |
Gerund | ||||||
cavando | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | cavado | cavados | ||||
Feminine | cavada | cavadas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | cavo | cavas | cava | cavamos | cavades | cavan |
Imperfect | cavaba | cavabas | cavaba | cavabamos | cavabades | cavaban |
Preterite | cavei | cavaches | cavou | cavamos | cavastes | cavaron |
Pluperfect | cavara | cavaras | cavara | cavaramos | cavarades | cavaran |
Future | cavarei | cavarás | cavará | cavaremos | cavaredes | cavarán |
Conditional | cavaría | cavarías | cavaría | cavariamos | cavariades | cavarían |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | cave | caves | cave | cavemos | cavedes | caven |
Imperfect | cavase | cavases | cavase | cavásemos | cavásedes | cavasen |
Future | cavar | cavares | cavar | cavarmos | cavardes | cavaren |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | cava | cave | cavemos | cavade | caven | |
Negative (non) | non caves | non cave | non cavemos | non cavedes | non caven |
1Less recommended.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “cavar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “cauar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cavar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- “cavar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, since 2012
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cavar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- “cavar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cavar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Occitan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Occitan, from Latin cavō, cavāre.
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Verb
[edit]cavar
- to dig
Conjugation
[edit]simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | cavar | aver cavat | |||||
gerund | cavant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | cavat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | cavi | cavas | cava | cavam | cavatz | cavan | |
imperfect | cavavi | cavavas | cavava | cavàvem | cavàvetz | cavavan | |
preterite | cavèri | cavères | cavèt | cavèrem | cavèretz | cavèron | |
future | cavarai | cavaràs | cavarà | cavarem | cavaretz | cavaràn | |
conditional | cavariái | cavariás | cavariá | cavariam | cavariatz | cavarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | cavèra | cavèras | cavèra | caveram | caveratz | cavèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | cave | caves | cave | cavem | cavetz | caven | |
imperfect | cavèssi | cavèsses | cavèsse | cavèssem | cavèssetz | cavèsson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
cava | cavem | cavatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | cavar | aver cavat | |||||
gerund | cavant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | cavat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | cave | caves | cava | cavam | cavatz | cavon | |
imperfect | cavave | cavaves | cavava | cavaviam | cavaviatz | cavavon | |
preterite | cavere | caveres | cavet | cavem | cavetz | caveron | |
future | cavarai | cavaràs | cavará | cavarem | cavaretz | cavarán | |
conditional | cavariá | cavariás | cavariá | cavariam | cavariatz | cavarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | cavèra | cavèras | cavèra | caveram | caveratz | cavèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | cave | caves | cave | cavassiam | cavassiatz | cavon | |
imperfect | cavesse | cavesses | cavesse | cavessiam | cavessiatz | cavesson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
cava | cavassiam | cavatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | cavar | aver cavat | |||||
gerund | cavant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | cavat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | cavi | cavas | cava | cavam | cavatz | cavan | |
imperfect | cavavi | cavavas | cavava | cavàvam | cavàvatz | cavavan | |
preterite | cavèi | cavès | cavè | cavèm | cavètz | cavèn | |
future | cavarèi | cavaràs | cavarà | cavaram | cavaratz | cavaràn | |
conditional | cavarí | cavarés | cavaré | cavarem | cavaretz | cavarén | |
conditional 2nd form1 | cavèra | cavèras | cavèra | caveram | caveratz | cavèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | cavi | caves | cave | cavem | cavetz | caven | |
imperfect | cavèssi | cavèsses | cavèsse | cavèssem | cavèssetz | cavèssen | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
cava | cavem | cavatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | cavar | aver cavat | |||||
gerund | cavant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | cavat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | cave | cavas | cava | cavam | cavatz | cavan | |
imperfect | cavava | cavavas | cavava | cavàvam | cavàvatz | cavavan | |
preterite | cavei | caveras | cavet | cavèram | cavèratz | caveran | |
future | cavarai | cavaràs | cavará | cavarem | cavaretz | cavarán | |
conditional | cavariá | cavariàs | cavariá | cavariam | cavariatz | cavarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | cavèra | cavèras | cavèra | caveram | caveratz | cavèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | cave | caves | cave | cavem | cavetz | caven | |
imperfect | cavèsse | cavèsses | cavèsse | cavèssem | cavèssetz | cavèssen | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
cava | cavem | cavatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | cavar | aver cavat | |||||
gerund | cavant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | cavat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | cave | caves | cava | cavam | cavatz | cavan | |
imperfect | cavavi | cavavas | cavava | cavàvem | cavàvetz | cavavan | |
preterite | cavère | cavères | cavèt | caveriam | caveriatz | cavèron | |
future | cavarai | cavaràs | cavarà | cavarem | cavaretz | cavaràn | |
conditional | cavariáu | cavariás | cavariá | cavariam | cavariatz | cavarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | cavèra | cavèras | cavèra | caveram | caveratz | cavèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | cave | caves | cave | cavem | cavetz | cavan | |
imperfect | cavèsse | cavèsses | cavèsse | cavessiam | cavessiatz | cavèsson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
cava | cavem | cavatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Related terms
[edit]Portuguese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin cavāre.
Pronunciation
[edit]
Verb
[edit]cavar (first-person singular present cavo, first-person singular preterite cavei, past participle cavado)
Conjugation
[edit]Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | cavar | |||||
Personal | cavar | cavares | cavar | cavarmos | cavardes | cavarem |
Gerund | ||||||
cavando | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | cavado | cavados | ||||
Feminine | cavada | cavadas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | cavo | cavas | cava | cavamos | cavais | cavam |
Imperfect | cavava | cavavas | cavava | cavávamos | caváveis | cavavam |
Preterite | cavei | cavaste | cavou | cavamos1, cavámos2 | cavastes | cavaram |
Pluperfect | cavara | cavaras | cavara | caváramos | caváreis | cavaram |
Future | cavarei | cavarás | cavará | cavaremos | cavareis | cavarão |
Conditional | cavaria | cavarias | cavaria | cavaríamos | cavaríeis | cavariam |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | cave | caves | cave | cavemos | caveis | cavem |
Imperfect | cavasse | cavasses | cavasse | cavássemos | cavásseis | cavassem |
Future | cavar | cavares | cavar | cavarmos | cavardes | cavarem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | cava | cave | cavemos | cavai | cavem | |
Negative (não) | não caves | não cave | não cavemos | não caveis | não cavem |
1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Related terms
[edit]Romansch
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- stgavar (Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran)
- tgavar (Surmiran)
- chaver (Puter)
- chavar (Vallader)
Etymology
[edit]From Latin cavō, cavāre.
Verb
[edit]cavar
Spanish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]cavar (first-person singular present cavo, first-person singular preterite cavé, past participle cavado)
- (transitive) to excavate, dig
- (intransitive) to penetrate into
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | cavar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | cavando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | cavado | cavada | |||||
plural | cavados | cavadas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | cavo | cavastú cavásvos |
cava | cavamos | caváis | cavan | |
imperfect | cavaba | cavabas | cavaba | cavábamos | cavabais | cavaban | |
preterite | cavé | cavaste | cavó | cavamos | cavasteis | cavaron | |
future | cavaré | cavarás | cavará | cavaremos | cavaréis | cavarán | |
conditional | cavaría | cavarías | cavaría | cavaríamos | cavaríais | cavarían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | cave | cavestú cavésvos2 |
cave | cavemos | cavéis | caven | |
imperfect (ra) |
cavara | cavaras | cavara | caváramos | cavarais | cavaran | |
imperfect (se) |
cavase | cavases | cavase | cavásemos | cavaseis | cavasen | |
future1 | cavare | cavares | cavare | caváremos | cavareis | cavaren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | cavatú cavávos |
cave | cavemos | cavad | caven | ||
negative | no caves | no cave | no cavemos | no cavéis | no caven |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “cavar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Venetian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin cavō, cavāre.
Verb
[edit]cavar
- (transitive) to take off, take out
- (transitive) to extract
Conjugation
[edit]- Venetian conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
infinitive | cavar | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
auxiliary verb | aver | gerund | cavando | |||
past participle | cavà | |||||
person | singular | plural | ||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
indicative | mi | ti | eło / eła | noialtri / noialtre | voialtri / voialtre | łuri / łore |
present | cavo | (te) cavi | (el/ła) cava | cavémo, cavòn | cavé | (i/łe) cava |
imperfect | cavava | (te) cavavi | (el/ła) cavava | cavàvimo | cavavi | (i/łe) cavava |
future | cavarò | (te) cavarè | (el/ła) cavarà | cavarémo | cavarè | (i/łe) cavarà |
conditional | mi | ti | eło / eła | noialtri / noialtre | voialtri / voialtre | łuri / łore |
present | cavarìa | (te) cavarisi | (el/ła) cavarìa | cavarìsimo | cavarisi | (i/łe) cavarìa |
subjunctive | che mi | che ti | che eło / eła | che noialtri / noialtre | che voialtri / voialtre | che łuri / łore |
present | cave, cava | (te) cavi | (el/ła) cave, (el/ła) cava | cavémo, cavone | cavé | (i/łe) cave, (i/łe) cava |
imperfect | cavase | (te) cavasi | (el/ła) cavase | cavàsimo | cavasi | (i/łe) cavase |
imperative | — | ti | eło / eła | noialtri / noialtre | voialtri / voialtre | łuri / łore |
— | (te) cava | (el/ła) cava, (el/ła) cave | cavémo | cavé | (i/łe) cava, (i/łe) cave |
Related terms
[edit]- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan verbs
- Catalan first conjugation verbs
- Galician terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms inherited from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Galician lemmas
- Galician verbs
- Galician verbs ending in -ar
- Occitan terms inherited from Old Occitan
- Occitan terms derived from Old Occitan
- Occitan terms inherited from Latin
- Occitan terms derived from Latin
- Occitan terms with audio links
- Occitan lemmas
- Occitan verbs
- Occitan first group verbs
- Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms inherited from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese 3-syllable words
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese verbs
- Portuguese verbs ending in -ar
- Romansch terms inherited from Latin
- Romansch terms derived from Latin
- Romansch lemmas
- Romansch verbs
- Sursilvan Romansch
- Spanish terms inherited from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Spanish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Spanish/aɾ
- Rhymes:Spanish/aɾ/2 syllables
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish verbs
- Spanish verbs ending in -ar
- Spanish transitive verbs
- Spanish intransitive verbs
- Venetian terms inherited from Latin
- Venetian terms derived from Latin
- Venetian lemmas
- Venetian verbs
- Venetian transitive verbs
- Venetian first conjugation verbs