cawl

See also: ċawl

English

WOTD – 1 March 2021

Etymology 1

A bowl of cawl.

Borrowed from Welsh cawl, itself borrowed from Latin caulis (“stalk or stem of a plant, particularly a cabbage”), from Proto-Indo-European *kaw(ǝ)l, *kh₂ulós, or *kowos (“tubular bone; pipe”). The English word is a doublet of caulis, cole, and kale.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /kaʊl/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (Mid-Ulster) IPA^(key): /kəʉl/
• Homophone: cowl
• Rhymes: -aʊl

Noun

cawl (countable and uncountable, plural cawls)

1. A traditional Welsh soup, typically made with beef, lamb, or salted bacon with carrot, leeks, potatoes, swedes, and other seasonal vegetables.

Translations

traditional Welsh soup

• Welsh: cawl Cymreig m

Etymology 2

A variant of caul.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /kɔːl/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /kɔl/
• Homophone: call

Noun

cawl (plural cawls)

1. Alternative spelling of caul (“a membrane or veil, especially over a baby's head”).

Further reading

• cawl on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• claw

Old English

Alternative forms

• cāwel, cāuuel, cāul, ċēawl, ċēaul, cōuel, ċēaol

Etymology

From Latin *cavallum, from cavea (“hollow, cavity; cage, enclosure”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɑːwl/

Noun

cāwl m

1. basket
   • Lindisfarne Gospels, gloss on Mark 6: 43:

     et sustulērunt reliquiās fragmentōrum duodecim cophinōs plēnōs et dē piscibus / & ġenōmon ðā hlāfo ðāra sċrēadunga tuœ̄lf ċēaulas fulle & of fiscum

     and then they took up twelve baskets full of the remains of the bread and the fish.

Declension

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	cāwl	cāwlas
accusative	cāwl	cāwlas
genitive	cāwles	cāwla
dative	cāwle	cāwlum

Descendants

• Middle English: cal, cale, calle, kalle, kelle, kolle
  • English: caul
  • Scots: kelle, kell

Somali

Etymology

From Proto-Somaloid *ʕawl, derived from Proto-Cushitic *ʕaw- (“grass, foliage”). Compare also caws.

Cognate with Konso awl (“brown”), Saho cowla (“dust storm”).

Adjective

cawl m

1. beige

References

• Puglielli, A., & Mansuur, C. C. (2012). "Qaamuuska Af‒Soomaaliga" (in Somali). Roma: Istituto Italiano per l’Africa e l’Oriente, page 138

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh cawl, from Proto-Brythonic *kawl, from Latin caulis (“stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage”). Cognate with Cornish kowl, Breton kaol.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kau̯l/
• Rhymes: -au̯l

Noun

cawl m (usually uncountable, plural cawliau, diminutive cawlen)

1. soup, pottage, broth; gruel

   Synonyms: potes, (Anglicism) sŵp

   1. (figuratively) mixture, hodgepodge, mess
2. cabbage, colewort, potherbs

   Synonyms: bresych, cabaets

Descendants

• → English: cawl

Mutation

Mutated forms of cawl

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
cawl	gawl	nghawl	chawl

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), “cawl”, in Gweiadur: the Welsh–English Dictionary, Gwerin
• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “cawl”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yola

Noun

cawl

1. alternative form of caule
   • 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:

     Pa cawl.

     Upon the horse.

References

• Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 60