cogito

See also: cogitò

English

Noun

cogito (usually uncountable, plural cogitos)

(philosophy, often preceded by the, sometimes capitalized) The argument "cogito, ergo sum" ("I think therefore I am") from the philosophy of René Descartes; the mental act of thinking this thought; a conscious being which performs this mental act.
- 1957, Jean-Paul Sartre, translated by Forrest Williams and Robert Kirkpatrick, The Transcendence of the Ego, Noonday Press, pages 43–44:
  The Cogito of Descartes and Husserl is an apprehension of fact. […] Such a Cogito is performed by a consciousness directed upon consciousness, a consciousness which takes consciousness as an object.
- 1966 Dec, Geoffrey Hartman, “Beyond Formalism”, in MLN, volume 81, number 5, page 551:
  But are there not as many consciousnesses or cogitos as there are individuals?
- 1984 Jan, Charles Larmore, “Descartes' Psychologistic Theory of Assent”, in History of Philosophy Quarterly, volume 1, number 1, page 65:
  An obvious candidate for this class of propositions would be the cogito, whose evidence, Descartes insisted, is not founded on inference.
- 2000 Spring, Linnell Secomb, "Fractured Community," Hypatia, vol. 15, no. 2, p. 138:
  Benhabib proposes a […] "recognition that the subjects of reason are finite, embodied and fragile creatures, and not disembodied cogitos or abstract unities of transcendental apperception".
- 2009 May, Ernest Sosa, “Précis of A Virtue Epistemology”, in Philosophical Studies: An International Journal for Philosophy in the Analytic Tradition, " vol. 144, no. 1, p. 109 n11:
  It may be thought that this leads to an even more radical skepticism than that envisaged by Descartes, since now even the cogito may be questioned.

Anagrams

ciotóg

Catalan

Verb

cogito

first-person singular present indicative of cogitar

French

Noun

cogito m (plural cogitos)

cogito

Italian

Verb

cogito

first-person singular present indicative of cogitare

Anagrams

gotico

Latin

Etymology

From con- +‎ agitō.

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈkoː.ɡi.toː/, [ˈkoːɡɪt̪oː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈko.d͡ʒi.to/, [ˈkɔːd͡ʒit̪o]

Verb

cōgitō (present infinitive cōgitāre, perfect active cōgitāvī, supine cōgitātum); first conjugation [with accusative or dē (+ ablative)]

to think
- 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations‎^[1]:
  Nihil agis, nihil moliris, nihil cogitas quod non ego non modo audiam sed etiam videam planeque sentiam.
  You do nothing, you plan nothing, you think of nothing which I not only do not hear, but which I do not see and know every particular of.
to ponder, meditate, reflect, consider (i.e. think of, about, over)
to intend, design, purpose, plan, devise (i.e. have in mind)

Conjugation

Conjugation of cōgitō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	cōgitō	cōgitās		cōgitat	cōgitāmus	cōgitātis		cōgitant
	imperfect	cōgitābam	cōgitābās		cōgitābat	cōgitābāmus	cōgitābātis		cōgitābant
	future	cōgitābō	cōgitābis		cōgitābit	cōgitābimus	cōgitābitis		cōgitābunt
	perfect	cōgitāvī	cōgitāvistī, cōgitāstī¹		cōgitāvit, cōgitāt¹	cōgitāvimus, cōgitāmus¹	cōgitāvistis, cōgitāstis¹		cōgitāvērunt, cōgitārunt, cōgitāvēre¹
	pluperfect	cōgitāveram, cōgitāram¹	cōgitāverās, cōgitārās¹		cōgitāverat, cōgitārat¹	cōgitāverāmus, cōgitārāmus¹	cōgitāverātis, cōgitārātis¹		cōgitāverant, cōgitārant¹
	future perfect	cōgitāverō, cōgitārō¹	cōgitāveris, cōgitāris¹		cōgitāverit, cōgitārit¹	cōgitāverimus, cōgitārimus¹	cōgitāveritis, cōgitāritis¹		cōgitāverint, cōgitārint¹
passive	present	cōgitor	cōgitāris, cōgitāre		cōgitātur	cōgitāmur	cōgitāminī		cōgitantur
	imperfect	cōgitābar	cōgitābāris, cōgitābāre		cōgitābātur	cōgitābāmur	cōgitābāminī		cōgitābantur
	future	cōgitābor	cōgitāberis, cōgitābere		cōgitābitur	cōgitābimur	cōgitābiminī		cōgitābuntur
	perfect	cōgitātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	cōgitātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	cōgitātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	cōgitem	cōgitēs		cōgitet	cōgitēmus	cōgitētis		cōgitent
	imperfect	cōgitārem	cōgitārēs		cōgitāret	cōgitārēmus	cōgitārētis		cōgitārent
	perfect	cōgitāverim, cōgitārim¹	cōgitāverīs, cōgitārīs¹		cōgitāverit, cōgitārit¹	cōgitāverīmus, cōgitārīmus¹	cōgitāverītis, cōgitārītis¹		cōgitāverint, cōgitārint¹
	pluperfect	cōgitāvissem, cōgitāssem¹	cōgitāvissēs, cōgitāssēs¹		cōgitāvisset, cōgitāsset¹	cōgitāvissēmus, cōgitāssēmus¹	cōgitāvissētis, cōgitāssētis¹		cōgitāvissent, cōgitāssent¹
passive	present	cōgiter	cōgitēris, cōgitēre		cōgitētur	cōgitēmur	cōgitēminī		cōgitentur
	imperfect	cōgitārer	cōgitārēris, cōgitārēre		cōgitārētur	cōgitārēmur	cōgitārēminī		cōgitārentur
	perfect	cōgitātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	cōgitātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	cōgitā		—	—	cōgitāte		—
active	future	—	cōgitātō		cōgitātō	—	cōgitātōte		cōgitantō
passive	present	—	cōgitāre		—	—	cōgitāminī		—
passive	future	—	cōgitātor		cōgitātor	—	—		cōgitantor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		cōgitāre		cōgitārī		cōgitāns		—
future		cōgitātūrum esse		cōgitātum īrī		cōgitātūrus		cōgitandus
perfect		cōgitāvisse, cōgitāsse¹		cōgitātum esse		—		cōgitātus
future perfect		—		cōgitātum fore		—		—
perfect potential		cōgitātūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		cōgitandī	cōgitandō		cōgitandum	cōgitandō	cōgitātum		cōgitātū

¹At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Synonyms

(think): arbitror, sentio, puto, existimo, reor, iudico, censeo

Derived terms

Descendants

Eastern Romance:
- Romanian: cugeta, cugetare
Italian: cogitare, coitare
Old Francoprovençal: cuidar, cuidier
- Franco-Provençal: cuidier, cuidar
Old French: cuidier, cuider, kuider, quider, quidier
- Bourguignon: cueudai
- Lorrain: cueuder
- French: cuider
Old Leonese:
- Asturian: cuidar
Old Occitan: cuidar
- Occitan: coidar
Old Galician-Portuguese: cuidar, coidar
- Galician: coidar
- Portuguese: cuidar
Old Spanish: coidar
- Spanish: cuidar
Rhaeto-Romance:
- Romansch: quitar
→ Proto-Albanian: *kugitɔnjœ,
- Albanian: kujtonj (early version; Old Gheg)
  - Albanian: kujtoj
→ Catalan: cogitar
→ English: cogitate
→ French: cogiter
→ Italian: cogitare
→ Portuguese: cogitar
→ Spanish: cogitar

References

“cogito”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“cogito”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
cogito in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to take no thought for the future: futura non cogitare, curare
cogito in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[3], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Portuguese

Verb

cogito

first-person singular present indicative of cogitar

Spanish

Verb

cogito

first-person singular present indicative of cogitar

English

Noun

Anagrams

Catalan

Verb

French

Noun

Further reading

Italian

Verb

Anagrams

Latin

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

References

Portuguese

Verb

Spanish

Verb