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sentio

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Latin

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Etymology

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    From Proto-Italic *sentiō, from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to feel”).[1] The LIV suggests that the perfect form sēnsī might reflect a PIE sigmatic aorist *sḗnt-s-t ~ *sént-s-n̥t,[2] though it is also possible that it is an innovative inner-Latin form.[3] Cognate with Samogitian sintietė (“to think”), Old High German sinnan (“to go; desire”).

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    sentiō (present infinitive sentīre, perfect active sēnsī, supine sēnsum); fourth conjugation

    1. to feel, to sense, to perceive (with the senses)
      Synonyms: sapiō, percipiō, cōnspicor
      • 8 CE, Ovidius, Metamorphoses 1.553:
        Hanc quoque Phoebus amat positāque in stīpite dextrā
        sentit adhūc trepidāre novō sub cortice pectus.
        But yet Phoebus loves her in this form and pressing his right hand
        he feels still the trembling heart under the bark.
    2. to perceive, be aware of, to be sensible of, to notice mentally, to understand (by using one's senses)
      Synonyms: agnōscō, cognōscō, inveniō, cōnsciō, sapiō, sciō, nōscō, scīscō, intellegō, percipiō, discernō, tongeō, cernō, audiō
      Antonyms: ignōrō, nesciō
    3. to have an opinion or opine, to think, feel, judge, suppose
      Synonyms: arbitror, opīnor, cōgitō, exīstimō, reor, putō, reputō, iūdicō, cēnseō
      • 166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 310:
        Tū sī hīc sīs aliter sentiās.
        If you were in my place, you would think differently.
        (Present subjunctive used for a condition contrary to fact.)
      • c. 100 CE – 110 CE, Tacitus, Historiae 1.1:
        […] ubi sentīre quae velīs et quae sentiās dīcere licet.
        […] where to feel what you wish, and what you feel to say, is permitted.
    4. to feel (an emotion)
    5. to agree (typically followed by cum)
    6. (Late Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin) (figuratively) to meet
      • c. 347 CE – 420 CE, Hieronymus, Vulgate Proverbs.13.3:
        Quī custōdit ōs suum custōdit animam suam: quī autem incōnsīderātus est ad loquendum sentiet mala.
        He that keepeth his mouth, keepeth his soul: but he that hath no guard on his speech shall meet with evils. (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.: 1752 CE)

    Conjugation

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       Conjugation of sentiō (fourth conjugation)
    indicative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present sentiō sentīs sentit sentīmus sentītis sentiunt
    imperfect sentiēbam sentiēbās sentiēbat sentiēbāmus sentiēbātis sentiēbant
    future sentiam sentiēs sentiet sentiēmus sentiētis sentient
    perfect sēnsī sēnsistī sēnsit sēnsimus sēnsistis sēnsērunt,
    sēnsēre
    pluperfect sēnseram sēnserās sēnserat sēnserāmus sēnserātis sēnserant
    future perfect sēnserō sēnseris sēnserit sēnserimus sēnseritis sēnserint
    passive present sentior sentīris,
    sentīre     		sentītur sentīmur sentīminī sentiuntur
    imperfect sentiēbar sentiēbāris,
    sentiēbāre     		sentiēbātur sentiēbāmur sentiēbāminī sentiēbantur
    future sentiar sentiēris,
    sentiēre     		sentiētur sentiēmur sentiēminī sentientur
    perfect sēnsus + present active indicative of sum
    pluperfect sēnsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
    future perfect sēnsus + future active indicative of sum
    subjunctive singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present sentiam sentiās sentiat sentiāmus sentiātis sentiant
    imperfect sentīrem sentīrēs sentīret sentīrēmus sentīrētis sentīrent
    perfect sēnserim sēnserīs sēnserit sēnserīmus sēnserītis sēnserint
    pluperfect sēnsissem sēnsissēs sēnsisset sēnsissēmus sēnsissētis sēnsissent
    passive present sentiar sentiāris,
    sentiāre     		sentiātur sentiāmur sentiāminī sentiantur
    imperfect sentīrer sentīrēris,
    sentīrēre     		sentīrētur sentīrēmur sentīrēminī sentīrentur
    perfect sēnsus + present active subjunctive of sum
    pluperfect sēnsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
    imperative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present — sentī — — sentīte —
    future — sentītō sentītō — sentītōte sentiuntō
    passive present — sentīre — — sentīminī —
    future — sentītor sentītor — — sentiuntor
    non-finite forms infinitive participle
    active passive active passive
    present sentīre sentīrī sentiēns —
    future sēnsūrum esse sēnsum īrī sēnsūrus sentiendus,
    sentiundus
    perfect sēnsisse sēnsum esse — sēnsus
    future perfect — sēnsum fore — —
    perfect potential sēnsūrum fuisse — — —
    verbal nouns gerund supine
    genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
    sentiendī sentiendō sentiendum sentiendō sēnsum sēnsū

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    Descendants

    References

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    1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 554
    2. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*sent- ‘gehen’ → ‘wahmehmen’ (?)¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 533
    3. ^ Leppänen, Ville (2019), Ablaut and the Latin Verb: Aspects of Morphophonological Change (PhD Dissertation)‎[1], Munich: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, →DOI, pages 50-51
    • “sentio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “sentio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • "sentio", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
    • “sentio”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
      • to hold the same views: idem sentire (opp. dissentire ab aliquo)
      • give me your opinion: dic quid sentias
      • to agree with a person: consentire, idem sentire cum aliquo
      • to think one thing, say another; to conceal one's opinions: aliter sentire ac loqui (aliud sentire, aliud loqui)
      • to have the good of the state at heart: bene, optime sentire de re publica
      • to have the good of the state at heart: omnia de re publica praeclara atque egregia sentire
      • to have the same political opinions: idem de re publica sentire
      • to foster revolutionary projects: contra rem publicam sentire
      • I will give you my true opinion: dicam quod sentio
      • (ambiguous) to come within the sphere of the senses: sub sensum or sub oculos, sub aspectum cadere
      • (ambiguous) to be a man of taste: sensum, iudicium habere
      • (ambiguous) to express oneself in popular language: ad vulgarem sensum or ad communem opinionem orationem accommodare (Off. 2. 10. 35)
      • (ambiguous) to be quite insensible of all feelings to humanity: omnem humanitatis sensum amisisse
    • sentio, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
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