crude

English

Etymology

From Middle English crude, borrowed from Latin crūdus (“raw, bloody, uncooked, undigested, crude”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“raw meat, fresh blood”). Cognate with Old English hrēaw (“raw, uncooked”). More at raw.

Pronunciation

• enPR: kro͞od, IPA^(key): /kɹuːd/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uːd
• Homophone: crewed

Adjective

crude (comparative cruder, superlative crudest)

1. In a natural, untreated state.

   crude oil

2. Characterized by simplicity, especially something not carefully or expertly made.

   a crude shelter

3. Lacking concealing elements.

   a crude truth

4. Lacking tact or taste.

   a crude remark

5. (archaic) Immature or unripe.
6. (grammar) Pertaining to the uninflected stem of a word.

Synonyms

• (being in a natural state): raw, unrefined, unprocessed
• (characterized by simplicity): primitive, rough, rude, rudimentary
• (lacking concealing elements): obvious, plain, unadorned, undisguised
• (lacking tact or taste): blunt, coarse, earthy, gross, stark, uncultivated, vulgar
• (statistics: in an unanalyzed form): raw
• (archaic: immature or unripe): See immature or unripe
• See also Thesaurus:raw

Antonyms

• (being in a natural state): refined, processed

Derived terms

Derived terms

• crude form/crudeform
• crude material

• crude oil
• crudeness

Related terms

• crudity
• cruel
• cruelty

Translations

being in a natural state

• Bulgarian: суро́в (bg) (suróv), необрабо́тен (bg) (neobrabóten)
• Catalan: cru
• Czech: surový (cs), syrový (cs)
• Dutch: ruw (nl), onbewerkt (nl), ongeraffineerd
• Esperanto: kruda
• French: cru (fr)
• German: roh (de)
• Greek: ακατέργαστος (el) (akatérgastos), ανεπεξέργαστος (el) (anepexérgastos)
• Hebrew: גולמי m (golmy), גולמית f (golmyt)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Hungarian: nyers (hu), finomítatlan
• Italian: greggio (it) m, grezzo (it)
• Persian: خام (fa) (xâm)
• Polish: surowy (pl), nieoczyszczony
• Portuguese: cru (pt), bruto (pt)
• Russian: необрабо́танный (ru) (neobrabótannyj), сыро́й (ru) (syrój)
• Spanish: crudo (es)
• Swedish: rå (sv), grov (sv), rå-
• Telugu: ముడి (te) (muḍi)

characterized by simplicity

• Bulgarian: прост (bg) (prost), груб (bg) (grub)
• Czech: prostý (cs)
• Dutch: onafgewerkt, rudimentair (nl), primitief (nl)
• Estonian: rohmakas, tahumatu
• Finnish: yksinkertainen (fi)
• German: unfertig
• Greek: αδρός (el) (adrós)
• Hungarian: kezdetleges (hu)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Italian: rustico (it), raffazzonato (it)
• Polish: prymitywny (pl)
• Portuguese: rústico (pt)
• Russian: примити́вный (ru) (primitívnyj), просто́й (ru) (prostój), про́стенький (ru) (próstenʹkij)
• Spanish: rudimentario (es)
• Swedish: enkel (sv)
• Telugu: ముతక (te) (mutaka)

lacking concealing elements

• Catalan: cru
• Czech: zřejmý (cs), evidentní, jasný (cs)
• Dutch: naakt (nl)
• French: cru (fr)
• German: nackt (de), pur (de)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Greek: χονδροειδής (el) (chondroeidís)
• Italian: ovvio (it), crudo (it)
• Russian: я́вный (ru) (jávnyj), неприкры́тый (ru) (neprikrýtyj)
• Swedish: ohöljd (sv), oförblommerad (sv)

lacking tact or taste

• Bulgarian: груб (bg) (grub)
• Catalan: groller (ca)
• Czech: neomalený
• Dutch: ruw (nl), grof (nl), smakeloos (nl), vulgair (nl)
• Finnish: karkea (fi)
• French: vulgaire (fr) m or f, cru (fr)
• German: roh (de), grob (de)
• Greek: άξεστος (el) (áxestos)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Hindi: सड़कछाप (saṛakchāp)
• Hungarian: durva (hu), faragatlan (hu), nyers (hu)
• Italian: volgare (it), crudo (it), semplice (it), grezzo (it)
• Portuguese: bruto (pt)
• Russian: гру́бый (ru) (grúbyj)
• Swedish: grov (sv), plump (sv), oborstad
• Telugu: నాటు (te) (nāṭu)

statistics: in an unanalyzed form

• Bulgarian: суро́в (bg) (suróv)
• Dutch: ruw (nl)
• French: brut (fr)
• Greek: ανεπεξέργαστος (el) (anepexérgastos)
• Hungarian: nyers (hu)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Italian: raffazzonato (it)
• Persian: خام (fa) (xâm)
• Russian: необрабо́танный (ru) (neobrabótannyj), сыро́й (ru) (syrój)
• Swedish: obearbetad, rå (sv)
• Telugu: ముడి (te) (muḍi)

immature or unripe (see immature or unripe)

• Bulgarian: незрял (bg) (nezrjal), неузрял (bg) (neuzrjal)
• Czech: nedozrálý m, nezralý m
• Hungarian: éretlen (hu)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Italian: acerbo (it)
• Russian: незре́лый (ru) (nezrélyj), неспе́лый (ru) (nespélyj)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Esperanto: ^{(please verify)} kruda petrolo, ^{(please verify)} nafto
• Indonesian: ^{(please verify)} mentah (id)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Irish: ^{(please verify)} amhlabhrach (of speech)
• Italian: (1,2) ^{(please verify)} greggio, grezzo, (3,4) ^{(please verify)} crudo (it)

Noun

crude (countable and uncountable, plural crudes)

1. Any substance in its natural state.
2. Crude oil.
   • 2013 August 3, “Yesterday’s fuel”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:

     The dawn of the oil age was fairly recent. Although the stuff was used to waterproof boats in the Middle East 6,000 years ago, extracting it in earnest began only in 1859 after an oil strike in Pennsylvania. The first barrels of crude fetched $18 (around $450 at today’s prices).

Derived terms

• syncrude

Translations

any substance in its natural state

• Greek: ακατέργαστος (el) m (akatérgastos), αργός (el) m (argós)
• Italian: greggio (it) m, grezzo (it) m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Swedish: råämne n

crude oil — see crude oil

Anagrams

• cured

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Italian

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ude

Adjective

crude

1. feminine plural of crudo

Anagrams

• curde

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Latin

Adjective

(deprecated template usage) crūde

1. vocative masculine singular of crūdus

References

• crude in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

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Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English crūdan.

Verb

crude

1. Alternative form of crouden

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin crūdus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkriu̯d(ə)/

Adjective

crude

1. unprocessed, uncooked, unworked (in a negative way)

Derived terms

• crudelite

Descendants

• English: crude

References

• “crūde (adj.)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-09-10.