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plump

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Plump

English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle English plump, plompe, a borrowing from Middle Dutch plomp or Middle Low German plump. Cognate with Saterland Frisian plump (“plump”).

Adjective

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plump (comparative plumper or more plump, superlative plumpest or most plump)

  1. Having a full and rounded shape; chubby, somewhat overweight.
    a plump baby; plump cheeks
    • 1651, Thomas Carew, To my friend G. N. from Wrest:
      The god of wine did his plump clusters bring.
    • 2015, Anton Chekhov, The Life and Genius of Anton Chekhov: Letters, Diary, Reminiscences and Biography: Assorted Collection of Autobiographical Writings of the Renowned Russian Author and Playwright of Uncle Vanya, The Cherry Orchard, The Three Sisters and The Seagull, e-artnow, →ISBN:
      My ideal is to be idle and to love a plump girl.
    • 1956, Delano Ames, chapter 23, in Crime out of Mind:
      He was a plump little man and we had been walking uphill at a pace—set by him—far too rapid for his short legs. He breathed stertorously, and half the drops which glimmered on his rotund face were not rain but sweat.
  2. Sudden and without reservation; blunt; direct; downright.
    • 1898, George Saintsbury, “XXXVII The Dullards That Men Are”, in A Short History of English Literature:
      After the plump statement that the author was at Erceldoune and spake with Thomas.
    • 1925, Stanley John Weyman, Queen's Folly:
      I've said so haven't I? Plump and plain.
  3. (oenology) Of a wine: giving the sensation of filling the mouth.
    • 1992, The Wine Spectator, volume 17, page 33:
      A plump wine, with an abundance of plum and berry characteristics and soft, round tannins. Easy to drink; ready on release.
Synonyms
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Antonyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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Verb

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plump (third-person singular simple present plumps, present participle plumping, simple past and past participle plumped)

  1. (intransitive) To grow plump; to swell out.
    Her cheeks have plumped.
  2. (transitive) To make plump; to fill (out) or support; often with up.
    to plump oysters or scallops by placing them in fresh or brackish water
    • 1655, Thomas Fuller, The Church-history of Britain; […], London: […] Iohn Williams […], →OCLC, (please specify |book=I to XI):
      to plump up the hollowness of their history with improbable miracles
    • 1859, Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC:
      Although Miss Pross, through her long association with a French family, might have known as much of their language as of her own, if she had had a mind, she had no mind in that direction […] So her manner of marketing was to plump a noun-substantive at the head of a shopkeeper without any introduction in the nature of an article […]
  3. (intransitive) To give a plumper (kind of vote).
  4. (transitive) To give (a vote), as a plumper.
  6. (intransitive) To favor or decide in favor of. [with for ‘something’]
    • 2014, “Brazil in a nutshell”, in The Economist:
      A recent poll by the New York Times found that although most Brazilians plump for arch-rival Argentina as the team they most want to lose, the second-biggest group want Brazil itself to stumble.
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Middle English plumpen, akin to Middle Dutch plompen, Middle Low German plumpen, German plumpsen.

Verb

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plump (third-person singular simple present plumps, present participle plumping, simple past and past participle plumped)

  2. (transitive) To cast or let drop (something) all at once, suddenly and heavily.
    to plump a stone into water
  4. (intransitive) To drop or fall suddenly or heavily, all at once.
    Synonym: slump
    • September 24, 1712, The Spectator No. 492, letter from a prude
      Dulcissa plumps into a chair.
Derived terms
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Translations
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Adverb

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plump

  1. Directly; suddenly; perpendicularly.

Noun

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plump (plural plumps)

  1. The sound of a sudden heavy fall.
    • 1863, Sheridan Le Fanu, The House by the Churchyard:
      As she beheld her, poor Mrs. Mack's heart fluttered up to her mouth, and then dropped with a dreadful plump, into the pit of her stomach.
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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From Middle English plump.

Noun

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plump (plural plumps)

  1. (obsolete) A knot or cluster; a group; a crowd.
    a plump of trees, fowls, or spears
  2. A group of geese flying close together.

References

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German

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Etymology

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From Middle Low German plump, itself onomatopoeic for a dull fall (as of a stone into water, or a sack on the ground). Cognate with Dutch and Middle Dutch plomp (13th c.), whence also English plump.

Alemannic German has shifted forms in Alsatian pflumpfig, Swiss pflumpfet, but these were probably formed analogically as the word moved up the Rhine (and thus do not prove West Germanic inheritance).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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plump (strong nominative masculine singular plumper, comparative plumper, superlative am plumpsten or am plumpesten)

  1. dumpy, squat, bulky (roundish and misshapen)
    Diese sogenannte Skulptur ist nur ein plumper, rostiger Metallklotz.
    This so-called sculpture is but a squat, rusty lump of metal.
  2. (of movement, or figurative of behaviour) clumsy, heavy, graceless, inelegant
    Er kam mit seinem plumpen, stampfenden Gang auf uns zugeschwankt.
    He came toddling towards us with his graceless, stomping gait.
    Die Rede des Kandidaten war gespickt mit plumpen Anbiederungsversuchen.
    The candidate’s speech was full of clumsy attempts to ingratiate himself.
  3. (by narrowing) brash, tactless, crude
    Er näherte sich der jungen Frau mit plumpen Sprüchen.
    He approached the young woman with crude remarks.

Usage notes

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  • The German word can also be used of a person’s body, but it then expresses a dumpy, misproportioned and inelegant figure, rather than merely overweight.

Declension

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Positive forms of plump
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist plump sie ist plump es ist plump sie sind plump
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative plumper plumpe plumpes plumpe
genitive plumpen plumper plumpen plumper
dative plumpem plumper plumpem plumpen
accusative plumpen plumpe plumpes plumpe
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der plumpe die plumpe das plumpe die plumpen
genitive des plumpen der plumpen des plumpen der plumpen
dative dem plumpen der plumpen dem plumpen den plumpen
accusative den plumpen die plumpe das plumpe die plumpen
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein plumper eine plumpe ein plumpes (keine) plumpen
genitive eines plumpen einer plumpen eines plumpen (keiner) plumpen
dative einem plumpen einer plumpen einem plumpen (keinen) plumpen
accusative einen plumpen eine plumpe ein plumpes (keine) plumpen
Comparative forms of plump
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist plumper sie ist plumper es ist plumper sie sind plumper
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative plumperer plumpere plumperes plumpere
genitive plumperen plumperer plumperen plumperer
dative plumperem plumperer plumperem plumperen
accusative plumperen plumpere plumperes plumpere
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der plumpere die plumpere das plumpere die plumperen
genitive des plumperen der plumperen des plumperen der plumperen
dative dem plumperen der plumperen dem plumperen den plumperen
accusative den plumperen die plumpere das plumpere die plumperen
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein plumperer eine plumpere ein plumperes (keine) plumperen
genitive eines plumperen einer plumperen eines plumperen (keiner) plumperen
dative einem plumperen einer plumperen einem plumperen (keinen) plumperen
accusative einen plumperen eine plumpere ein plumperes (keine) plumperen
Superlative forms of plump
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist am plumpsten
er ist am plumpesten 		sie ist am plumpsten
sie ist am plumpesten 		es ist am plumpsten
es ist am plumpesten 		sie sind am plumpsten
sie sind am plumpesten
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative plumpster
plumpester 		plumpste
plumpeste 		plumpstes
plumpestes 		plumpste
plumpeste
genitive plumpsten
plumpesten 		plumpster
plumpester 		plumpsten
plumpesten 		plumpster
plumpester
dative plumpstem
plumpestem 		plumpster
plumpester 		plumpstem
plumpestem 		plumpsten
plumpesten
accusative plumpsten
plumpesten 		plumpste
plumpeste 		plumpstes
plumpestes 		plumpste
plumpeste
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der plumpste
der plumpeste 		die plumpste
die plumpeste 		das plumpste
das plumpeste 		die plumpsten
die plumpesten
genitive des plumpsten
des plumpesten 		der plumpsten
der plumpesten 		des plumpsten
des plumpesten 		der plumpsten
der plumpesten
dative dem plumpsten
dem plumpesten 		der plumpsten
der plumpesten 		dem plumpsten
dem plumpesten 		den plumpsten
den plumpesten
accusative den plumpsten
den plumpesten 		die plumpste
die plumpeste 		das plumpste
das plumpeste 		die plumpsten
die plumpesten
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein plumpster
ein plumpester 		eine plumpste
eine plumpeste 		ein plumpstes
ein plumpestes 		(keine) plumpsten
(keine) plumpesten
genitive eines plumpsten
eines plumpesten 		einer plumpsten
einer plumpesten 		eines plumpsten
eines plumpesten 		(keiner) plumpsten
(keiner) plumpesten
dative einem plumpsten
einem plumpesten 		einer plumpsten
einer plumpesten 		einem plumpsten
einem plumpesten 		(keinen) plumpsten
(keinen) plumpesten
accusative einen plumpsten
einen plumpesten 		eine plumpste
eine plumpeste 		ein plumpstes
ein plumpestes 		(keine) plumpsten
(keine) plumpesten

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “plump” in Duden online
  • “plump” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Irish

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Etymology

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Onomatopoeic.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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plump f (genitive singular plumpa, nominative plural plumpanna)

  1. Cois Fharraige form of plimp

Declension

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Declension of plump (third declension)
bare forms
singular plural
nominative plump plumpanna
vocative a phlump a phlumpanna
genitive plumpa plumpanna
dative plump plumpanna
forms with the definite article
singular plural
nominative an phlump na plumpanna
genitive na plumpa na bplumpanna
dative leis an bplump
don phlump 		leis na plumpanna

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutated forms of plump
radical lenition eclipsis
plump phlump bplump

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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Norwegian Bokmål

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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plump

  1. big and awkward
  2. base, vulgar

Swedish

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Adjective

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plump (comparative plumpare, superlative plumpast)

  1. (possibly unintentionally) offensive due to lacking tact; rude, vulgar, tactless
    Komikern var kul i början, men när han gjorde sig lustig över utseendet hos killen i publiken blev det plumpt
    The comedian started out funny, but when he made fun of the looks of the guy in the audience it stopped being funny

Declension

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Inflection of plump
Indefinite positive comparative superlative1
common singular plump plumpare plumpast
neuter singular plumpt plumpare plumpast
plural plumpa plumpare plumpast
masculine plural2 plumpe plumpare plumpast
Definite positive comparative superlative
masculine singular3 plumpe plumpare plumpaste
all plumpa plumpare plumpaste

1 The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
2 Dated or archaic.
3 Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

See also

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Noun

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plump c

  1. a blot (of ink)
    Synonym: bläckplump (“inkblot”)

Declension

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Declension of plump
nominative genitive
singular indefinite plump plumps
definite plumpen plumpens
plural indefinite plumpar plumpars
definite plumparna plumparnas

Derived terms

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References

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