miser
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
English[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Late Latin miser (“wretched, unfortunate, unhappy, miserable, sick, ill, bad, worthless, etc.”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
miser (plural misers)
- (derogatory) A person who hoards money rather than spending it; one who is cheap or extremely parsimonious.
- Synonym: see Thesaurus:miser
- Ebenezer Scrooge was a stereotypical miser: he spent nothing he could save, neither giving to charity nor enjoying his wealth.
- Mr. Krabs, Plankton, Dr. Eggman, Mr. Burns, Bugsy Siegel, Benny Goodman, Katharine Hepburn, and Howard Hughes were all famous examples of misers.
- A kind of earth auger, typically large-bored and often hand-operated.
Antonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
skinflint or scrooge
|
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
See also[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “miser”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “miser”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
- “miser”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
Anagrams[edit]
French[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
miser
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of miser (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | miser | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | misant /mi.zɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | misé /mi.ze/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | mise /miz/ |
mises /miz/ |
mise /miz/ |
misons /mi.zɔ̃/ |
misez /mi.ze/ |
misent /miz/ |
imperfect | misais /mi.zɛ/ |
misais /mi.zɛ/ |
misait /mi.zɛ/ |
misions /mi.zjɔ̃/ |
misiez /mi.zje/ |
misaient /mi.zɛ/ | |
past historic2 | misai /mi.ze/ |
misas /mi.za/ |
misa /mi.za/ |
misâmes /mi.zam/ |
misâtes /mi.zat/ |
misèrent /mi.zɛʁ/ | |
future | miserai /miz.ʁe/ |
miseras /miz.ʁa/ |
misera /miz.ʁa/ |
miserons /miz.ʁɔ̃/ |
miserez /miz.ʁe/ |
miseront /miz.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | miserais /miz.ʁɛ/ |
miserais /miz.ʁɛ/ |
miserait /miz.ʁɛ/ |
miserions /mi.zə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
miseriez /mi.zə.ʁje/ |
miseraient /miz.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | mise /miz/ |
mises /miz/ |
mise /miz/ |
misions /mi.zjɔ̃/ |
misiez /mi.zje/ |
misent /miz/ |
imperfect2 | misasse /mi.zas/ |
misasses /mi.zas/ |
misât /mi.za/ |
misassions /mi.za.sjɔ̃/ |
misassiez /mi.za.sje/ |
misassent /mi.zas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | mise /miz/ |
— | misons /mi.zɔ̃/ |
misez /mi.ze/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- → Romanian: miza
Further reading[edit]
- “miser”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams[edit]
Latin[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Italic *misseros, of unknown origin. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *mēwdʰ- (“to complain, be emotional about”), the same root of Latin maereō and Ancient Greek μῖσος (mîsos, “hatred”).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈmi.ser/, [ˈmɪs̠ɛr]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈmi.ser/, [ˈmiːs̬er]
Audio (Roman) (file)
Adjective[edit]
miser (feminine misera, neuter miserum, comparative miserior, superlative miserrimus, adverb miserē or miseriter); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er)
- poor, wretched, pitiful
- ca. 54 BC, Catullus. Catullus 8
- Miser Catulle, dēsinās ineptīre
- Poor Catullus, stop with the nonsense
- Miser Catulle, dēsinās ineptīre
- 29 bc. Vergil. Aeneid, Book I
- nōn ignāra malī miserīs succurrere discō
- being not unacquainted with woe, I learn to help the unfortunate
- nōn ignāra malī miserīs succurrere discō
- 43 BCE – c. 17 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.517:
- ‘dīque virīque locī, miserae succurrite mātrī!’
- “Gods and men of this place, hasten [your] aid to a wretched mother!”
(The poetic voice is that of Ino (Greek mythology).)
- “Gods and men of this place, hasten [your] aid to a wretched mother!”
- ‘dīque virīque locī, miserae succurrite mātrī!’
- ca. 54 BC, Catullus. Catullus 8
- miserable, unhappy
- worthless, null
- tragic, unfortunate
- sick
- tormenting
Declension[edit]
First/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er).
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | miser | misera | miserum | miserī | miserae | misera | |
Genitive | miserī | miserae | miserī | miserōrum | miserārum | miserōrum | |
Dative | miserō | miserō | miserīs | ||||
Accusative | miserum | miseram | miserum | miserōs | miserās | misera | |
Ablative | miserō | miserā | miserō | miserīs | |||
Vocative | miser | misera | miserum | miserī | miserae | misera |
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Eastern Romance:
- Italian: misero
- Old French: mezre
- → Catalan: míser
- → Portuguese: mísero
- → Spanish: mísero
- → Albanian: mjerë[1] (disputed)
- → English: miser
- → Romanian: mizer
References[edit]
- “miser”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “miser”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- miser in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) to live a happy (unhappy) life: vitam beatam (miseram) degere
- (ambiguous) to live a happy (unhappy) life: vitam beatam (miseram) degere
- H. H. Mallinckrodt, Latijn Nederlands woordenboek (Aula n° 24), Utrecht-Antwerpen, Spectrum, 1959 [Latin - Dutch dictionary in Dutch]
- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998), “mjerë”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 270
Categories:
- English terms derived from Late Latin
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/aɪzə(ɹ)
- Rhymes:English/aɪzə(ɹ)/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English derogatory terms
- English terms with usage examples
- en:People
- French terms suffixed with -er
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French lemmas
- French verbs
- fr:Gambling
- French verbs with conjugation -er
- French first group verbs
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin terms with audio links
- Latin lemmas
- Latin adjectives
- Latin first and second declension adjectives with nominative masculine singular in -er
- Latin first and second declension adjectives
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook