orthography

English

Etymology

From Anglo-Norman ortografie, Middle French orthographie, and their source, Latin orthographia, from Hellenistic Ancient Greek ὀρθογραφία (orthographía), from ὀρθός (orthós, “correct”) and γράφω (gráphō, “write”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ɔːˈθɒɡ.ɹə.fi/
• (US) enPR: ôrthäʹgrəfē, IPA^(key): /ɔɹˈθɑɡ.ɹə.fi/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Hyphenation: or‧thog‧ra‧phy

Noun

orthography (plural orthographies)

1. The study of correct spelling according to established usage.
2. The aspect of language study concerned with letters and their sequences in words.
3. Spelling; the method of representing a language or the sounds of language by written symbols.
4. (architecture) Orthographic projection; especially its use to draw an elevation, vertical projection etc. of a building.

Quotations

• For usage examples of this term, see Citations:orthography.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• orthographer
• orthographic
• orthographical

• orthographically
• orthographist

Synonyms

• spelling

Translations

study of correct spelling

• Arabic: عِلْم اَلْإِمْلَاء‏‎ m (ʿilm al-ʾimlāʾ), هِجَاء‏‎ m (hijāʾ), تَهْجِئَة‏‎ f (tahjiʾa)
• Armenian: ուղղագրություն (hy) (ułłagrutʿyun)
• Belarusian: правапі́с m (pravapís), арфагра́фія f (arfahráfija)
• Bulgarian: правопи́с (bg) m (pravopís), ортогра́фия (bg) f (ortográfija)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 正字法 (zh) (zhèngzìfǎ), 拼字 (zh) (pīnzì), 拼寫法 (zh), 拼写法 (zh) (pīnxiěfǎ), 正詞法, 正词法 (zhèngcífǎ), 拼寫 (zh), 拼写 (zh) (pīnxiě), 寫法 (zh), 写法 (zh) (xiěfǎ)

• Czech: pravopis m
• Danish: ortografi c, retskrivning c
• Dutch: spelling (nl) f
• Faroese: rættskriving f
• Finnish: ortografia (fi), oikeinkirjoitusoppi
• French: orthographe (fr) f
• Georgian: მართლწერა (martlc̣era), ორთოგრაფია (ka) (ortograpia)
• German: Orthografie (de) f, Rechtschreibung (de) f
• Greek: ορθογραφία (el) f (orthografía)
• Icelandic: réttritun (is) f
• Indonesian: ortografi (id)
• Irish: ortagrafaíocht f
• Japanese: 正字法 (せいじほう, seijihō), 綴り (つづり, tsuzuri), 文字綴り (moji-tsuzuri), 正書法 (ja) (せいしよほう, seishohō), オーソグラフィー (ōsogurafī), スペリング (superingu), スペル (superu), 綴り字 (つづりじ, tsudzuriji)
• Kurdish: imla‏‎ (ku), vekît‏‎ (ku)
• Latvian: ortogrāfija f, pareizrakstība f

• Lithuanian: ortografija f
• Macedonian: правопис m (pravopis), ортографија f (ortografija)
• Malay: ejaan, ortografi
• Polish: ortografia (pl) f, pisownia (pl) f
• Portuguese: ortografia (pt) f
• Romanian: ortografie (ro) f
• Russian: орфогра́фия (ru) f (orfográfija), правописа́ние (ru) n (pravopisánije), спе́ллинг m (spɛ́lling) (of English)
• Scottish Gaelic: litreachadh m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: пра̏вопӣс m, ортогра̀фија f

  Roman: prȁvopīs (sh) m, ortogràfija (sh) f

• Slovak: pravopis m
• Slovene: pravopís (sl)
• Spanish: ortografía (es) f
• Swahili: tahajia, otografia
• Swedish: rättstavning (sv) c, ortografi (sv) c
• Tagalog: palabaybayan
• Ukrainian: право́пис (uk) m (pravópys), орфогра́фія (uk) f (orfohráfija)
• Uyghur: ئىملا‏‎ (imla)
• Yiddish: אָרטאָגראַפֿיע‏‎ f (ortografye)

aspect of language study

• Armenian: ուղղագրություն (hy) (ułłagrutʿyun)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: please add this translation if you can

• Danish: ortografi c, retskrivning c
• Dutch: spelling (nl) f
• Finnish: ortografia (fi), oikeinkirjoitusoppi
• French: orthographe (fr) f
• Georgian: მართლწერა (martlc̣era), ორთოგრაფია (ka) (ortograpia)
• Greek: ορθογραφία (el) f (orthografía)
• Irish: ortagrafaíocht f
• Latvian: ortogrāfija f, pareizrakstība f

• Macedonian: правопис m (pravopis), ортографија f (ortografija)
• Polish: ortografia (pl) f
• Portuguese: ortografia (pt) f
• Russian: орфогра́фия (ru) f (orfográfija), правописа́ние (ru) n (pravopisánije), спе́ллинг m (spɛ́lling) (of English)
• Scottish Gaelic: litreachadh m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: пра̏вопӣ m, ортогра̀фија f

  Roman: prȁvopīs (sh) m, ortogràfija (sh) f

• Spanish: ortografía (es) f
• Swedish: ortografi (sv) c

method of representing a language by written symbols

• Albanian: drejtshkrim (sq) m
• Armenian: ուղղագրություն (hy) (ułłagrutʿyun)
• Burmese: ရေးထုံး (my) (re:htum:), စာလုံးပေါင်း (my) (calum:paung:), အသတ် (my) (a.sat)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: please add this translation if you can

• Danish: ortografi c, retskrivning c
• Dutch: spelling (nl) f
• Finnish: oikeinkirjoitus (fi), oikeinkirjoitusjärjestelmä
• French: orthographe (fr) f
• Georgian: ორთოგრაფია (ka) (ortograpia), მართლწერა (martlc̣era)
• Irish: ortagrafaíocht f

• Latvian: ortogrāfija
• Macedonian: правопис m (právopis), ортографија f (ortográfija)
• Polish: ortografia (pl) f
• Portuguese: ortografia (pt) f
• Russian: орфогра́фия (ru) f (orfográfija)
• Scottish Gaelic: litreachadh m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: пра̏вопӣ m, ортогра̀фија f

  Roman: prȁvopīs (sh) m, ortogràfija (sh) f

• Spanish: ortografía (es) f
• Thai: อักขรวิธี (th) (àk-kà-rà-wí-tii)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Esperanto: ^{(please verify)} ortografio

• Interlingua: ^{(please verify)} orthographia