proton

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See also: Proton, protón, and próton

English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Ancient Greek πρῶτον (prôton), neuter of πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”).

(physics): Coined by New Zealand-British scientist Ernest Rutherford in 1920, in analogy with electron (1891), and with an additional intention of honoring English chemist William Prout. Analyzable as proto- +‎ -on

(anatomy): (1893); a translation of German Anlage (“fundamental thing”) based on Aristotle’s phrase he prote ousia to proton.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

proton (plural protons)

  1. (physics) A positively charged subatomic particle forming part of the nucleus of an atom and determining the atomic number of an element, composed of two up quarks and a down quark.
    Comeronyms: neutron, electron
    Holonyms: atom, nucleus
    • 1931, C[harles] G[eorge] Crump, The Red King Dreams, 1946 - 1948, 24 Russell Square: Faber & Faber Limited, page 302:
      The dance of the electrons about the prota, each electron and each proton consisting of a series of waves occupying the whole of the limited universe and obeying the laws of nature as they pass, is known to all.
    1. The atomic nucleus of protium (hydrogen-1)
      Coordinate terms: hydron, deuteron, triton
  2. (obsolete, anatomy) Synonym of primordium
    • 1898 July, “Contributed Articles”, in C[larence] L[uther] Herrick, editor, The Journal of Comparative Neurology: A Quarterly Periodical Devoted to the Comparative Study of the Nervous System, volume VIII, number 1; 2, Granville, Oh.: […] C[harles] Judson Herrick;  […], pages 27 (C. L. H., […]) and 32–33 (C. L. H.; G[eorge] E[llett] Coghill, […]):
      It is a well authenticated fact that, in the case of section of a peripheral nerve, the nuclei of the sheath of Schwann pass to the centre of the lumen and form the protoplasmic prota of the segments of the new nerve […]. From studies of the development of the olfactory organs in reptiles, as reported briefly in earlier numbers of this Journal, the writer has been abundantly convinced of the truth of Beard’s statement that the olfactory prota arise from the skin […].
    • 1898 December 28, Burt G[reen] Wilder, “Some Misapprehensions as to the Simplified Nomenclature of Anatomy”, in Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Session of the Association of American Anatomists, […], Washington, D.C.: Beresford, […], published 1899, page 23:
      This paper constituted the proton (the primordium, or ‘Anlage,’ if you prefer) of my own subsequent contributions, and likewise, so far as I knew at the time, of the simplified nomenclature in America.
    • 1899, Walter P[orter] Manton, “Menstruation—Ovulation—Development of the Ovum”, in Charles Jewett, editor, The Practice of Obstetrics, New York, N.Y., Philadelphia, Penn.: Lea Brothers & Co., part II (Physiology of Pregnancy), pages 84, 97, 104, 111, and 112:
      a, b. Prota of primitive segments (protovertebræ). […] These soon become partially constricted off from the fore-brain, their narrow pedicles—the optic stalks—being the prota of the optic nerves. The dorsal wall of the fore-brain continues to grow forward and upward from the rest of the vesicle, and soon forms a fourth ventricle or permanent fore-brain, the proton of the cerebral hemispheres. […] By the sixth week the otocyst has been converted by a fold into two portions—a dorsal part—the utriculus, from which three projections arise, the prota of the semicircular canals (Fig. 91), and a ventral part, the sacculus, from the anterior end of which the cochlea is developed. […] These are the Müllerian ducts, the prota of the female internal organs of generation. […] The cords acquire a lumen and become the prota of the seminiferous tubules.

Synonyms[edit]

  • p (symbolic)

Hypernyms[edit]

Coordinate terms[edit]

subatomic particle
atomic nucleus

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “proton”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

Anagrams[edit]

Afrikaans[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

proton (plural protone)

  1. (physics) proton

See also[edit]

Breton[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

proton m (collective, plural protonennoù, singulative protonenn)

  1. (physics) protons

Czech[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

proton m inan

  1. proton

Declension[edit]

Declension of proton (hard masculine inanimate)
singular plural
nominative proton protony
genitive protonu protonů
dative protonu protonům
accusative proton protony
vocative protone protony
locative protonu protonech
instrumental protonem protony

Further reading[edit]

  • proton in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • proton in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Danish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

proton c (singular definite protonen, plural indefinite protoner)

  1. (physics) proton

Declension[edit]

Declension of proton
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative proton protonen protoner protonerne
genitive protons protonens protoners protonernes

References[edit]

Dutch[edit]

Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

proton n (plural protonen)

  1. (physics) proton

French[edit]

French Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fr

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

proton m (plural protons)

  1. (physics) proton

Further reading[edit]

Hungarian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈproton]
  • Hyphenation: pro‧ton
  • Rhymes: -on

Noun[edit]

proton (plural protonok)

  1. (physics) proton (positively charged subatomic particle)

Declension[edit]

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative proton protonok
accusative protont protonokat
dative protonnak protonoknak
instrumental protonnal protonokkal
causal-final protonért protonokért
translative protonná protonokká
terminative protonig protonokig
essive-formal protonként protonokként
essive-modal — —
inessive protonban protonokban
superessive protonon protonokon
adessive protonnál protonoknál
illative protonba protonokba
sublative protonra protonokra
allative protonhoz protonokhoz
elative protonból protonokból
delative protonról protonokról
ablative protontól protonoktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		protoné protonoké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		protonéi protonokéi
Possessive forms of proton
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. protonom protonjaim
2nd person sing. protonod protonjaid
3rd person sing. protonja protonjai
1st person plural protonunk protonjaink
2nd person plural protonotok protonjaitok
3rd person plural protonjuk protonjaik

Further reading[edit]

  • proton in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Indonesian[edit]

Noun[edit]

proton

  1. (physics) A proton.

Latin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From the neuter form πρῶτον (prôton) of Ancient Greek πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Latin Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia la

prōton m (genitive prōtōnis); third declension

  1. (physics, New Latin) proton

Declension[edit]

Third-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative prōton prōtōnēs
Genitive prōtōnis prōtōnum
Dative prōtōnī prōtōnibus
Accusative prōtōnem prōtōnēs
Ablative prōtōne prōtōnibus
Vocative prōton prōtōnēs

Malay[edit]

Noun[edit]

proton (plural proton-proton, informal 1st possessive protonku, 2nd possessive protonmu, 3rd possessive protonnya)

  1. proton

Norwegian Bokmål[edit]

Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology[edit]

From Ancient Greek πρῶτον (prôton).

Noun[edit]

proton n (definite singular protonet, indefinite plural proton or protoner, definite plural protona or protonene)

  1. (physics) proton

References[edit]

Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]

Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Etymology[edit]

From Ancient Greek πρῶτον (prôton).

Noun[edit]

proton n (definite singular protonet, indefinite plural proton, definite plural protona)

  1. (physics) proton

References[edit]

Polish[edit]

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek πρῶτον (prôton).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

proton m inan

  1. proton

Declension[edit]

Declension of proton
singular plural
nominative proton protony
genitive protonu protonów
dative protonowi protonom
accusative proton protony
instrumental protonem protonami
locative protonie protonach
vocative protonie protony

Derived terms[edit]

adjective
noun

Further reading[edit]

  • proton in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • proton in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from French proton.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

proton m (plural protoni)

  1. proton

Declension[edit]

Declension of proton
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) proton protonul (niște) protoni protonii
genitive/dative (unui) proton protonului (unor) protoni protonilor
vocative protonule protonilor

Further reading[edit]

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Noun[edit]

pròtōn m (Cyrillic spelling про̀то̄н)

  1. proton

Declension[edit]

Declension of proton
singular plural
nominative pròtōn protoni
genitive protóna protona
dative protonu protonima
accusative proton protone
vocative protone protoni
locative protonu protonima
instrumental protonom protonima

Swedish[edit]

Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

proton c

  1. (physics) proton

Declension[edit]

Declension of proton 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative proton protonen protoner protonerna
Genitive protons protonens protoners protonernas

See also[edit]

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