rakentaa
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *rak'ëntadak, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *rakkɜ-. Cognates include Hungarian rak.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]rakentaa
- (transitive) to build, construct, make
- Aavikolle rakennettiin kokonainen suurkaupunki.
- An entire metropolis was built in the desert.
Usage notes
[edit]- rakentaa takes the illative (or, with some words, allative) case for location, i.e. answers the question "where ... to?" instead of "where?".
- The elative (or, in some cases, ablative) case is used with etsiä, löytyä, löytää, lukea and kuulla. (i.e. "where ... from?" instead of "where?").
- The illative (or, in some cases, allative) case is used with saapua, eksyä, eksyttää, jäädä, jättää, hukkua, hukata, kadota, kadottaa, hävitä, hävittää and rakentaa. (i.e. "where ... to?" instead of "where?")
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of rakentaa (Kotus type 54*J/huutaa, nt-nn gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | rakennan | en rakenna | 1st sing. | olen rakentanut | en ole rakentanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | rakennat | et rakenna | 2nd sing. | olet rakentanut | et ole rakentanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | rakentaa | ei rakenna | 3rd sing. | on rakentanut | ei ole rakentanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | rakennamme | emme rakenna | 1st plur. | olemme rakentaneet | emme ole rakentaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | rakennatte | ette rakenna | 2nd plur. | olette rakentaneet | ette ole rakentaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | rakentavat | eivät rakenna | 3rd plur. | ovat rakentaneet | eivät ole rakentaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | rakennetaan | ei rakenneta | passive | on rakennettu | ei ole rakennettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | rakensin | en rakentanut | 1st sing. | olin rakentanut | en ollut rakentanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | rakensit | et rakentanut | 2nd sing. | olit rakentanut | et ollut rakentanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | rakensi | ei rakentanut | 3rd sing. | oli rakentanut | ei ollut rakentanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | rakensimme | emme rakentaneet | 1st plur. | olimme rakentaneet | emme olleet rakentaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | rakensitte | ette rakentaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte rakentaneet | ette olleet rakentaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | rakensivat | eivät rakentaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat rakentaneet | eivät olleet rakentaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | rakennettiin | ei rakennettu | passive | oli rakennettu | ei ollut rakennettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | rakentaisin | en rakentaisi | 1st sing. | olisin rakentanut | en olisi rakentanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | rakentaisit | et rakentaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit rakentanut | et olisi rakentanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | rakentaisi | ei rakentaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi rakentanut | ei olisi rakentanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | rakentaisimme | emme rakentaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme rakentaneet | emme olisi rakentaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | rakentaisitte | ette rakentaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte rakentaneet | ette olisi rakentaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | rakentaisivat | eivät rakentaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat rakentaneet | eivät olisi rakentaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | rakennettaisiin | ei rakennettaisi | passive | olisi rakennettu | ei olisi rakennettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | rakenna | älä rakenna | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | rakentakoon | älköön rakentako | 3rd sing. | olkoon rakentanut | älköön olko rakentanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | rakentakaamme | älkäämme rakentako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | rakentakaa | älkää rakentako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | rakentakoot | älkööt rakentako | 3rd plur. | olkoot rakentaneet | älkööt olko rakentaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | rakennettakoon | älköön rakennettako | passive | olkoon rakennettu | älköön olko rakennettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | rakentanen | en rakentane | 1st sing. | lienen rakentanut | en liene rakentanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | rakentanet | et rakentane | 2nd sing. | lienet rakentanut | et liene rakentanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | rakentanee | ei rakentane | 3rd sing. | lienee rakentanut | ei liene rakentanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | rakentanemme | emme rakentane | 1st plur. | lienemme rakentaneet | emme liene rakentaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | rakentanette | ette rakentane | 2nd plur. | lienette rakentaneet | ette liene rakentaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | rakentanevat | eivät rakentane | 3rd plur. | lienevät rakentaneet | eivät liene rakentaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | rakennettaneen | ei rakennettane | passive | lienee rakennettu | ei liene rakennettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | rakentaa | present | rakentava | rakennettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | rakentanut | rakennettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | rakentaessa | rakennettaessa | agent4 | rakentama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | rakentamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | rakentaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | rakentamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | rakentamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | rakentamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | rakentamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | rakentamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | rakentaman | rakennettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | rakentaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “rakentaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams
[edit]Ingrian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *rak'ëntadak. Cognates include Finnish rakentaa.
The sense "to build" is a semantic loan from Finnish rakentaa.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈrɑkentɑː/, [ˈrɑke̞ntɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈrɑkentɑː/, [ˈrɑɡ̊e̞nd̥ɑː]
- Rhymes: -ɑkentɑː
- Hyphenation: ra‧ken‧taa
Verb
[edit]rakentaa
- (transitive) to build
- (transitive) to tack up
- 1916, V. Alava, quoting Vögla, “1946. Soikkola, Suija. V I 1903”, in Väinö Salminen, V. Alava, editor, Suomen Kansan Vanhat Runot. Länsi-Inkerin runot[2], volume III2, Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, lines 5-6:
- Satuloi sata hevoista. // Sata ratsu(i)st' rakensi
- He saddled a hundred horses. // A hundred steeds he tacked up.
- (transitive) to dress (a bride) into a dress of a married woman
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of rakentaa (type 3/kyntää, nt-nn gradation) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | rakennan | en rakenna | 1st singular | oon rakentant, oon rakentanut | en oo rakentant, en oo rakentanut |
2nd singular | rakennat | et rakenna | 2nd singular | oot rakentant, oot rakentanut | et oo rakentant, et oo rakentanut |
3rd singular | rakentaa | ei rakenna | 3rd singular | ono rakentant, ono rakentanut | ei oo rakentant, ei oo rakentanut |
1st plural | rakennamma | emmä rakenna | 1st plural | oomma rakentanneet | emmä oo rakentanneet |
2nd plural | rakennatta | että rakenna | 2nd plural | ootta rakentanneet | että oo rakentanneet |
3rd plural | rakentaat1), rakentavat2), rakennettaa | evät rakenna, ei rakenneta | 3rd plural | ovat rakentanneet | evät oo rakentanneet, ei oo rakennettu |
impersonal | rakennettaa | ei rakenneta | impersonal | ono rakennettu | ei oo rakennettu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | rakensin | en rakentant, en rakentanut | 1st singular | olin rakentant, olin rakentanut | en olt rakentant, en olt rakentanut |
2nd singular | rakensit | et rakentant, et rakentanut | 2nd singular | olit rakentant, olit rakentanut | et olt rakentant, et olt rakentanut |
3rd singular | rakensi | ei rakentant, ei rakentanut | 3rd singular | oli rakentant, oli rakentanut | ei olt rakentant, ei olt rakentanut |
1st plural | rakensimma | emmä rakentanneet | 1st plural | olimma rakentanneet | emmä olleet rakentanneet |
2nd plural | rakensitta | että rakentanneet | 2nd plural | olitta rakentanneet | että olleet rakentanneet |
3rd plural | rakensiit1), rakensivat2), rakennettii | evät rakentanneet, ei rakennettu | 3rd plural | olivat rakentanneet | evät olleet rakentanneet, ei olt rakennettu |
impersonal | rakennettii | ei rakennettu | impersonal | oli rakennettu | ei olt rakennettu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | rakentaisin | en rakentais | 1st singular | olisin rakentant, olisin rakentanut | en olis rakentant, en olis rakentanut |
2nd singular | rakentaisit, rakentaist1) | et rakentais | 2nd singular | olisit rakentant, olisit rakentanut | et olis rakentant, et olis rakentanut |
3rd singular | rakentais | ei rakentais | 3rd singular | olis rakentant, olis rakentanut | ei olis rakentant, ei olis rakentanut |
1st plural | rakentaisimma | emmä rakentais | 1st plural | olisimma rakentanneet | emmä olis rakentanneet |
2nd plural | rakentaisitta | että rakentais | 2nd plural | olisitta rakentanneet | että olis rakentanneet |
3rd plural | rakentaisiit1), rakentaisivat2), rakennettais | evät rakentais, ei rakennettais | 3rd plural | olisivat rakentanneet | evät olis rakentanneet, ei olis rakennettu |
impersonal | rakennettais | ei rakennettais | impersonal | olis rakennettu | ei olis rakennettu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | rakenna | elä rakenna | 2nd singular | oo rakentant, oo rakentanut | elä oo rakentant, elä oo rakentanut |
3rd singular | rakentakkoo | elköö rakentako | 3rd singular | olkoo rakentant, olkoo rakentanut | elköö olko rakentant, elköö olko rakentanut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | rakentakkaa | elkää rakentako | 2nd plural | olkaa rakentanneet | elkää olko rakentanneet |
3rd plural | rakentakkoot | elkööt rakentako, elköö rakennettako | 3rd plural | olkoot rakentanneet | elkööt olko rakentanneet, elköö olko rakennettu |
impersonal | rakennettakoo | elköö rakennettako | impersonal | olkoo rakennettu | elköö olko rakennettu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | rakentanen | en rakentane | |||
2nd singular | rakentanet | et rakentane | |||
3rd singular | rakentannoo | ei rakentane | |||
1st plural | rakentanemma | emmä rakentane | |||
2nd plural | rakentanetta | että rakentane | |||
3rd plural | rakentannoot | evät rakentane, ei rakennettane | |||
impersonal | rakennettanoo | ei rakennettane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | rakentaa | present | rakentava | rakennettava | |
2nd | inessive | rakentaes | past | rakentant, rakentanut | rakennettu |
instructive | rakentaen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (rakentakkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | rakentammaa | |||
inessive | rakentamas | ||||
elative | rakentamast | ||||
abessive | rakentamata | ||||
4th | nominative | rakentamiin | |||
partitive | rakentamista, rakentamist |
Synonyms
[edit]- (to build): stroittaa
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈrɑkentɑː/, [ˈrɑke̞ntɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈrɑkentɑː/, [ˈrɑɡ̊e̞ntɑː]
- Rhymes: -ɑkentɑː
- Hyphenation: ra‧ken‧taa
Verb
[edit]rakentaa
- inflection of rakentaissa:
References
[edit]- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 461
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
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