زور

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See also: ژور, ژوژ, روژ, رور, زوز, and روز

Arabic[edit]

Root
ز و ر (z-w-r)

Etymology 1[edit]

Verb[edit]

زَوِرَ (zawira) I, non-past يَزْوَرُ‎ (yazwaru)

  1. to incline
Conjugation[edit]

Verb[edit]

زَوَّرَ (zawwara) II, non-past يُزَوِّرُ‎ (yuzawwiru)

  1. to acknowledge as a visitor, to treat as a visitor

Noun[edit]

زَوْر (zawrm (plural أَزْوَار (ʔazwār))

  1. verbal noun of زَارَ (zāra) (form I)
  2. thorax, chest
Declension[edit]

Noun[edit]

زَوَر (zawarm

  1. verbal noun of زَوِرَ (zawira) (form I)
  2. inclination
  3. crookedness, wryness, distortion
  4. distorted chest, asymmetrical thorax
Declension[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from Middle Persian 𐭦𐭥𐭫 (zwl /⁠zūr⁠/), and denominal verb.

Noun[edit]

زُور (zūrm

  1. lie, untruth
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 58:2:
      الَّذِينَ يُظَاهِرُونَ مِنكُم مِن نِّسَائِهِم مَا هُنَّ أُمَّهَاتِهِمْ ۖ إِنْ أُمَّهَاتُهُمْ إِلَّا اللَّائِي وَلَدْنَهُمْ ۚ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَيَقُولُونَ مُنكَرًا مِّنَ الْقَوْلِ وَزُورًا ۚ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَعَفُوٌّ غَفُورٌ
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. false testimony, perjury
    شَهَادَةُ زُورšahādatu zūrfalse testimony
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 25:72:
      وَٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَشْهَدُونَ ٱلزُّورَ وَإِذَا مَرُّوا بِٱللَّغْوِ مَرُّوا كِرَامًا
      wallaḏīna lā yašhadūna z-zūra waʔiḏā marrū bi-l-laḡwi marrū kirāman
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension[edit]

Verb[edit]

زَوَّرَ (zawwara) II, non-past يُزَوِّرُ‎ (yuzawwiru)

  1. to call a lie, to impinge
  2. to forge, to counterfeit
Conjugation[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Borrowed from Middle Persian 𐭦𐭥𐭫 (zwl /⁠zōr⁠/).

Noun[edit]

زُور (zūrm

  1. strength, force
Declension[edit]

References[edit]

  • Freytag, Georg (1833) “زور”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 265
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “زور”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[2], London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1268–1269
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “زور”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[3] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 535

Hijazi Arabic[edit]

Root
ز و ر
1 term

Etymology 1[edit]

From Arabic زَوَّرَ (zawwara).

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

زور (zawwar) II (non-past يزور (yizawwir))

  1. to call a lie, to impinge
  2. to forge, to counterfeit
Conjugation[edit]
    Conjugation of زور (zawwar)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m زورت (zawwart) زورت (zawwart) زور (zawwar) زورنا (zawwarna) زورتوا (zawwartu) زوروا (zawwaru)
f زورتي (zawwarti) زورت (zawwarat)
non-past m أزور (ʔazawwir) تزور (tizawwir) يزور (yizawwir) نزور (nizawwir) تزوروا (tizawwiru) يزوروا (yizawwiru)
f تزوري (tizawwiri) تزور (tizawwir)
imperative m زور (zawwir) زوروا (zawwiru)
f زوري (zawwiri)

Etymology 2[edit]

From Arabic زَوْر (zawr).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

زور (zōrm (plural أَزْوَار (ʔazwār))

  1. throat

Etymology 3[edit]

From Arabic زُور (zūr).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

زور (zūrm

  1. lie, untruth
    شَهَادَةُ زُور
    šahādat zūr
    false testimony

Etymology 4[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

زور (zūr)

  1. second-person masculine singular imperative of زار (zār)

Ottoman Turkish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Persian زور (zor).

Adjective[edit]

زور (zor)

  1. hard, difficult, exhausting

Noun[edit]

زور (zor)

  1. force, strength, power, energy, might
    Synonyms: قدرت (kudret), قوت (kuvvet), گوچ (güç), مكنت (miknet)
  2. violence, force
  3. compulsion, constraint
  4. difficulty
  5. necessity

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Turkish: zor
  • Bulgarian: зор (zor)
  • Greek: ζόρι (zóri)
  • Serbo-Croatian: zȏr, зо̑р
  • Romanian: zor

Persian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle Persian [script needed] (zwl /⁠zōr⁠/), which Pokorny derives from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (to hasten) and compares to Serbo-Croatian žúriti (to hurry, rush) and Old Norse keyra (to whip, lash; to ride). See also Old Armenian զաւր (zawr), an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation[edit]

 

Readings
Classical reading? zōr
Dari reading? zōr
Iranian reading? zur
Tajik reading? zür

Noun[edit]

Dari زور
Iranian Persian
Tajik зӯр

زور (zur)

  1. force, strength, power, might
  2. violence, force
Derived terms[edit]

(verbs)

(leading)

(trailing)

Descendants[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Middle Persian [script needed] (zwhl /⁠zōhr⁠/), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰéw-tlo-, from *ǵʰew- (to pour). Compare English god, God. See also Persian ژون (žun, idol).

Pronunciation[edit]

 

Readings
Classical reading? zawr
Dari reading? zawr
Iranian reading? zowr
Tajik reading? zavr

Noun[edit]

زور (zowr)

  1. libation

Etymology 3[edit]

From Middle Persian [script needed] (zʿwr /⁠zūr⁠/). Compare also Old Armenian զուր (zur), from Parthian.

Pronunciation[edit]

 

Readings
Classical reading? zūr
Dari reading? zūr
Iranian reading? zur
Tajik reading? zur

Noun[edit]

زور (zur)

  1. (obsolete) lie, falsehood

References[edit]

Urdu[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Classical Persian زور (zōr, strength, force; power, might).

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

زور (zor) (Hindi spelling ज़ोर)

  1. powerfully
  2. forcibly
  3. violently

Noun[edit]

زور (zorm (Hindi spelling ज़ोर)

  1. force, strength
  2. power, might
  3. exertion, stress
  4. violence
  5. capacity, ability

Etymology 2[edit]

From Classical Persian زور (zūr, falsehood; lie, deceit).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

زور (zūrm (Hindi spelling ज़ूर)

  1. falsehood, untruth
  2. lie, deceit
  3. a false deity; an idol

References[edit]

  • زور”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • زور”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.