قلم
Arabic
Etymology 1
From the root ق ل م (q-l-m).
Pronunciation
Verb
قَلَمَ • (qalama) I, non-past يَقْلِمُ (yaqlimu)
- to cut, to clip, to pare, to prune, to trim, to lop, to truncate, to snip, to cut back, to cut down
- to make stripes, to stripe
- to fleece, to fleece wool
Conjugation
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
قَلْم qalm | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
qālim | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maqlūm | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | qalamtu |
qalamta |
قَلَمَ qalama |
qalamtumā |
qalamā |
qalamnā |
qalamtum |
qalamū | |||
f | qalamti |
qalamat |
qalamatā |
qalamtunna |
qalamna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaqlimu |
taqlimu |
yaqlimu |
taqlimāni |
yaqlimāni |
naqlimu |
taqlimūna |
yaqlimūna | |||
f | taqlimīna |
taqlimu |
taqlimāni |
taqlimna |
yaqlimna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaqlima |
taqlima |
yaqlima |
taqlimā |
yaqlimā |
naqlima |
taqlimū |
yaqlimū | |||
f | taqlimī |
taqlima |
taqlimā |
taqlimna |
yaqlimna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaqlim |
taqlim |
yaqlim |
taqlimā |
yaqlimā |
naqlim |
taqlimū |
yaqlimū | |||
f | taqlimī |
taqlim |
taqlimā |
taqlimna |
yaqlimna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | iqlim |
iqlimā |
iqlimū |
||||||||
f | iqlimī |
iqlimna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | qulimtu |
qulimta |
قُلِمَ qulima |
qulimtumā |
qulimā |
qulimnā |
qulimtum |
qulimū | |||
f | qulimti |
qulimat |
qulimatā |
qulimtunna |
qulimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuqlamu |
tuqlamu |
yuqlamu |
tuqlamāni |
yuqlamāni |
nuqlamu |
tuqlamūna |
yuqlamūna | |||
f | tuqlamīna |
tuqlamu |
tuqlamāni |
tuqlamna |
yuqlamna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuqlama |
tuqlama |
yuqlama |
tuqlamā |
yuqlamā |
nuqlama |
tuqlamū |
yuqlamū | |||
f | tuqlamī |
tuqlama |
tuqlamā |
tuqlamna |
yuqlamna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuqlam |
tuqlam |
yuqlam |
tuqlamā |
yuqlamā |
nuqlam |
tuqlamū |
yuqlamū | |||
f | tuqlamī |
tuqlam |
tuqlamā |
tuqlamna |
yuqlamna |
Etymology 2
Intensive form II verb derived from form I verb قَلَمَ (qalama, “to cut”).
Pronunciation
Verb
قَلَّمَ • (qallama) II, non-past يُقَلِّمُ (yuqallimu)
Conjugation
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
taqlīm | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muqallim | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muqallam | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | qallamtu |
qallamta |
قَلَّمَ qallama |
qallamtumā |
qallamā |
qallamnā |
qallamtum |
qallamū | |||
f | qallamti |
qallamat |
qallamatā |
qallamtunna |
qallamna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuqallimu |
tuqallimu |
yuqallimu |
tuqallimāni |
yuqallimāni |
nuqallimu |
tuqallimūna |
yuqallimūna | |||
f | tuqallimīna |
tuqallimu |
tuqallimāni |
tuqallimna |
yuqallimna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuqallima |
tuqallima |
yuqallima |
tuqallimā |
yuqallimā |
nuqallima |
tuqallimū |
yuqallimū | |||
f | tuqallimī |
tuqallima |
tuqallimā |
tuqallimna |
yuqallimna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuqallim |
tuqallim |
yuqallim |
tuqallimā |
yuqallimā |
nuqallim |
tuqallimū |
yuqallimū | |||
f | tuqallimī |
tuqallim |
tuqallimā |
tuqallimna |
yuqallimna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | قَلِّمْ qallim |
qallimā |
qallimū |
||||||||
f | qallimī |
qallimna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | qullimtu |
qullimta |
قُلِّمَ qullima |
qullimtumā |
qullimā |
qullimnā |
qullimtum |
qullimū | |||
f | qullimti |
qullimat |
qullimatā |
qullimtunna |
qullimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuqallamu |
tuqallamu |
yuqallamu |
tuqallamāni |
yuqallamāni |
nuqallamu |
tuqallamūna |
yuqallamūna | |||
f | tuqallamīna |
tuqallamu |
tuqallamāni |
tuqallamna |
yuqallamna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuqallama |
tuqallama |
yuqallama |
tuqallamā |
yuqallamā |
nuqallama |
tuqallamū |
yuqallamū | |||
f | tuqallamī |
tuqallama |
tuqallamā |
tuqallamna |
yuqallamna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuqallam |
tuqallam |
yuqallam |
tuqallamā |
yuqallamā |
nuqallam |
tuqallamū |
yuqallamū | |||
f | tuqallamī |
tuqallam |
tuqallamā |
tuqallamna |
yuqallamna |
References
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “قلم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[1], London: W.H. Allen
Etymology 3
From Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos, “reed”). Nöldeke and Jeffery are convinced that it comes thence via Ge'ez ቀለም (ḳäläm, “reed”), while Leslau notes that ቀለም (ḳäläm, “reed”) could come from Arabic. But the meaning “reed” – referring to a plant – is not actually attested for the Arabic word, and given the peculiar semantics in Ge'ez where the word ቀለም (ḳäläm) is mixed into the root of ቀለመ (ḳälämä, “to color, to stain, to write”) and as well means “color”, “ink”, “inkstand”, as Leslau separates himself, a Ge'ez origin can explain why in Arabic the meaning is restricted to “pen” in the beginning compared with the Greek κάλαμος (kálamos) meaning “reed cane” in general.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /qa.lam/
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Egyptian" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ʔa.lam/
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Gulf (Kuwait)" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /qələm/
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Hijazi" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ɡa.lam/
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Levantine" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ʔa.lam/
Noun
قَلَم • (qalam) m (plural أَقْلَام (ʔaqlām))
- pen, reed pen
- pencil
- writing, script, calligraphic style, ductus, handwriting
- style
- office, bureau, agency
- window, counter
- (commerce) item, entry
- stripe, streak, line, bar, stria
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | قَلَم qalam |
الْقَلَم al-qalam |
قَلَم qalam |
Nominative | قَلَمٌ qalamun |
الْقَلَمُ al-qalamu |
قَلَمُ qalamu |
Accusative | قَلَمًا qalaman |
الْقَلَمَ al-qalama |
قَلَمَ qalama |
Genitive | قَلَمٍ qalamin |
الْقَلَمِ al-qalami |
قَلَمِ qalami |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | قَلَمَيْن qalamayn |
الْقَلَمَيْن al-qalamayn |
قَلَمَيْ qalamay |
Nominative | قَلَمَانِ qalamāni |
الْقَلَمَانِ al-qalamāni |
قَلَمَا qalamā |
Accusative | قَلَمَيْنِ qalamayni |
الْقَلَمَيْنِ al-qalamayni |
قَلَمَيْ qalamay |
Genitive | قَلَمَيْنِ qalamayni |
الْقَلَمَيْنِ al-qalamayni |
قَلَمَيْ qalamay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَقْلَام ʔaqlām |
الْأَقْلَام al-ʔaqlām |
أَقْلَام ʔaqlām |
Nominative | أَقْلَامٌ ʔaqlāmun |
الْأَقْلَامُ al-ʔaqlāmu |
أَقْلَامُ ʔaqlāmu |
Accusative | أَقْلَامًا ʔaqlāman |
الْأَقْلَامَ al-ʔaqlāma |
أَقْلَامَ ʔaqlāma |
Genitive | أَقْلَامٍ ʔaqlāmin |
الْأَقْلَامِ al-ʔaqlāmi |
أَقْلَامِ ʔaqlāmi |
Descendants
References
- Ahrens, Karl (1930) “Christliches im Qoran. Eine Nachlese”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft[2] (in German), volume 84, page 24
- Jeffery, Arthur (1938) “قَلَمٌ”, in The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 242–243
- Leslau, Wolf (1991) “qalama”, in Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, pages 428–429
- Löw, Immanuel (1928) Die Flora der Juden[3] (in German), volume 1, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 662–685
- Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft[4] (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 50
Etymology 4
Pronunciation
Noun
قَلْم • (qalm) m
- verbal noun of قَلَمَ (qalama) (form I)
Declension
References
- Freytag, Georg (1835) “قلم”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[5] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 492
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “قلم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[6], London: W.H. Allen, pages 853–854
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “قلم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 922
Gulf Arabic
Etymology
Pronunciation
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Kuwait" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈqələm/
- IPA(key): /ˈɡələm/
Noun
قَلَم • (qələm) m (plural اَقْلام, ʾəqlam)
Hijazi Arabic
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
قَلَم • (galam) m (plural أَقْلام (ʾaglām))
Persian
Etymology
From Arabic قَلَم (qalam), from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos, “reed”).
Noun
Dari | قلم |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | қалам |
قلم • (qalam) (plural قلمها (qalam-hâ))
Noun
قلم • (qalam) (plural اقلام (aqlâm))
- (commerce) item, entry
- چندین قلم جنس در مغازه داریم.
- čandin qalam jens dar mağâze dârim.
- We have various kinds of articles (or goods) in our store.
Punjabi
Etymology
From Arabic قَلَم (qalam), from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos, “reed”).
Noun
Lua error in Module:pa-headword at line 47: Parameter 1 is not used by this template.
Declension
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Urdu
Etymology
From Arabic قَلَم (qalam), from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos, “reed”).
Noun
قلم • (qalam) f (Hindi spelling क़लम)
- pen
- (historical) reed pen
- reed
Declension
Declension of قلم | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
direct | قلم (qalam) | قلمیں (qalamẽ) |
oblique | قلم (qalam) | قلموں (qalamõ) |
vocative | قلم (qalam) | قلمو (qalamo) |
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ق ل م
- Arabic 3-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs
- Arabic sound verbs by conjugation
- Arabic sound form-I verbs
- Arabic sound verbs
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- Arabic transitive verbs
- Arabic form-II verbs
- Arabic sound form-II verbs
- Arabic terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Arabic terms borrowed from Ge'ez
- Arabic terms derived from Ge'ez
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic terms with usage examples
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- Arabic 1-syllable words
- Arabic verbal nouns
- ar:Writing instruments
- Gulf Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- Gulf Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- Gulf Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Gulf Arabic lemmas
- Gulf Arabic nouns
- Gulf Arabic masculine nouns
- Hijazi Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- Hijazi Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- Hijazi Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hijazi Arabic lemmas
- Hijazi Arabic nouns
- Hijazi Arabic masculine nouns
- Persian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- fa:Computing
- Persian terms with usage examples
- fa:Writing instruments
- Punjabi terms borrowed from Arabic
- Punjabi terms derived from Arabic
- Punjabi terms derived from Ancient Greek
- pa:Writing instruments
- Urdu terms borrowed from Arabic
- Urdu terms derived from Arabic
- Urdu terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu feminine nouns
- Urdu terms with historical senses
- Urdu nouns with declension
- ur:Writing instruments