匈

匈 U+5308, 匈 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5308 ← 匇 [U+5307] CJK Unified Ideographs 匉 → [U+5309]

Translingual

Han character

匈 (radical 20 勹+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 心山大 (PUK), four-corner 2772₀, composition ⿹勹凶)

1. breast, chest, thorax
2. clamour
3. the Xiongnu (sometimes referred to as the Huns) and by extension 'Hungary'.

References

• KangXi: page 151, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2512
• Dae Jaweon: page 340, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 258, character 5
• Unihan data for U+5308

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		匈

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 匈
Bamboo and silk script	Large seal script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (凶) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
酗	qʰos
凶	qʰoŋ
匈	qʰoŋ
兇	qʰoŋ, *qʰoŋʔ
訩	qʰoŋ
胸	qʰoŋ
胷	qʰoŋ
洶	qʰoŋ, *qʰoŋʔ
恟	qʰoŋ
詾	qʰoŋ, *qʰoŋʔ

Pictogram (象形): breast, chest. The derivative 胸 refers to the original word.

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 匈 – see 胸. (This character, 匈, is the second-round simplified and variant form of 胸.)

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiōng (xiong¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hung¹
• Min Nan (POJ): heng / hiong

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: xiōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄥ
    • Wade-Giles: hsiung¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiong
    • IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: hung¹
    • Yale: hūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hung¹
    • IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: heng / hiong
    • Tâi-lô: hing / hiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hefng, hiofng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hiɪŋ⁴⁴/, /hiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɪŋ³³/, /hiɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɪŋ⁴⁴/, /hiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hiɪŋ⁴⁴/, /hiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɪŋ⁴⁴/, /hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /hɨoŋ/▼

Rime
Character	匈
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	許容切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨoŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/hioŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/xioŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/huawŋ/
Li Rong	/xioŋ/
Wang Li	/xĭwoŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/xi̯woŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiōng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰoŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	匈
Reading #	1/1
No.	13890
Phonetic component	凶
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	胷
Old Chinese	/*qʰoŋ/
Notes	説文胷字見集韻

Definitions

匈

1. Hun, Hunnic
2. Hungary, Hungarian (as abbreviation of 匈牙利)
3. Alternative form of 凶 (xiōng).
4. Alternative form of 兇／凶 (xiōng).

Compounds

• 匈匈
• 匈奴 (Xiōngnú)

• 匈奴入侵
• 匈牙利 (Xiōngyálì)

• 奧匈帝國／奥匈帝国 (Ào-Xiōng dìguó)
• 貫匈國／贯匈国

Usage notes

This character is only used in some proper nouns and is not productive in modern Chinese. See 匈奴 and 匈牙利.

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Japanese

Kanji

匈

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

• Goon: く (ku)
• Kan’on: きょう (kyō)
• Kun: むね (mune), おそれる (osoreru), さわぐ (sawagu)

Noun

匈 (hiragana きょう, rōmaji kyō)

1. Abbreviation of 匈牙利. Hungary

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Korean

Hanja

匈 • (hyung)

• Eumhun:
  • Sound (hangeul): 흉 (revised: hyung, McCune-Reischauer: hyung)
  • Name (hangeul): 오랑캐 (revised: orangkae, McCune-Reischauer: orangk'ae)

1. barbarian
2. savage
3. foreigner

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Vietnamese

Han character

匈 (hung)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.