哀歌

Chinese

		sorrow; grief; pity sorrow; grief; pity; to grieve for; to pity; to lament	song
simp. and trad. (哀歌)		哀	歌

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): āigē

  (Zhuyin): ㄞ ㄍㄜ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): oi¹ go¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ôi-kô
• Eastern Min (BUC): ăi-gŏ̤
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): ai-ko / ai-koa

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ai¹ go¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: āigē
    • Zhuyin: ㄞ ㄍㄜ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: aige
    • Wade–Giles: ai¹-ko¹
    • Yale: āi-gē
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aige
    • Palladius: айгэ (ajgɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵ kɤ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: oi¹ go¹
    • Yale: ōi gō
    • Cantonese Pinyin: oi¹ go¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: oi¹ go¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɔːi̯⁵⁵ kɔː⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ôi-kô
    • Hakka Romanization System: oi^ˊ go^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: oi¹ go¹
    • Sinological IPA: /oi̯²⁴⁻¹¹ ko²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ăi-gŏ̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ai⁵⁵ ^(k-)o⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ai-ko
    • Tâi-lô: ai-ko
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ai'koy
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ai⁴⁴⁻³³ ko⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /ai⁴⁴⁻³³ kɤ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ai-koa
    • Tâi-lô: ai-kua
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ai'koaf
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ai⁴⁴⁻³³ kua⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ai¹ go¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ai ko
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ai³³⁻²³ ko³³/

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• Middle Chinese: 'oj ka

Rime
Character	哀	歌
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)	歌 (94)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	烏開切	古俄切
Baxter	'oj	ka
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔʌi/	/kɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔəi/	/kɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɒi/	/kɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔəj/	/ka/
Li Rong	/ʔᴀi/	/kɑ/
Wang Li	/ɒi/	/kɑ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔɑ̆i/	/kɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	āi	gē
Expected Cantonese Reflex	oi1	go1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔˤəj  [k]ˤaj/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qɯːl  kaːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	哀	歌
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	āi	gē
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔoj ›	‹ ka ›
Old Chinese	/*ʔˁəj/	/*[k]ˁaj/
English	to pity; sad	sing, song
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	哀	歌
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	14835	7438
Phonetic component	衣	可
Rime group	微	歌
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	哀	歌
Old Chinese	/*qɯːl/	/*kaːl/

Noun

哀歌

1. mournful song; elegy

Derived terms

• 耶利米哀歌 (Yēlìmǐ Āigē)

Verb

哀歌

1. (literary) to sing sadly

   • 獨弦哀歌，以賣名聲於天下者乎！ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     独弦哀歌，以卖名声于天下者乎！ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE

     Dú xián āigē, yǐ mài míngshēng yú tiānxià zhě hū! [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Derived terms

• 獨弦哀歌 / 独弦哀歌

Japanese

Kanji in this term
哀	歌
あい Grade: S	か Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [a̠ika̠]
• (Tokyo) あいか [áꜜìkà] (Atamadaka – [1])

Noun

哀(あい)歌(か) • (aika) 

1. elegy

Synonyms

• エレジー (erejī)

Proper noun

哀(あい)歌(か) • (Aika) 

1. (biblical) Book of Lamentations

References

• “哀歌”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
哀	歌

Noun

哀歌 • (aega) (hangeul 애가)

1. hanja form^? of 애가 (“mournful song, elegy”)