啄

Translingual

Han character

啄 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+8 in Chinese, 口+7 in Japanese, 11 strokes in Chinese, 10 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 口一尸人 (RMSO), four-corner 6103₂, composition ⿰口豖)

1. to peck
2. (Cantonese) to slander

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 194, character 30
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3801
• Dae Jaweon: page 415, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 639, character 1
• Unihan data for U+5544

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Chinese

trad.		啄
simp. #		啄

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (豖) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
冢	*toŋʔ
塚	*toŋʔ
涿	*rtoːɡ
琢	*rtoːɡ
啄	*rtoːɡ, *toːɡ
諑	*rtoːɡ
剢	*toːɡ
瘃	*toɡ
豖	*tʰoɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rtoːɡ, *toːɡ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 豖 (OC *tʰoɡ)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhuó (zhuo²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄛˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): doek³ / doeng¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tuk
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tok / teh / terh

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhuó
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄛˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhuó
    • Wade–Giles: cho²
    • Yale: jwó
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jwo
    • Palladius: чжо (čžo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: doek³ / doeng¹
    • Yale: deuk / dēung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: doek⁸ / doeng¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: dêg³ / dêng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tœːk̚³/, /tœːŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tuk
    • Hakka Romanization System: dug`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: dug⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /tuk̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tok
    • Tâi-lô: tok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dog
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tɔk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Yilan, Magong)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: teh
    • Tâi-lô: teh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: deq
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /teʔ³²/
    • IPA (Yilan): /teʔ²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Kinmen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: terh
    • Tâi-lô: terh
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /təʔ⁵/
    • IPA (Kinmen): /təʔ³²/

Note:

• tok - literary;
• teh/terh - vernacular (may not be etymologically related).

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• Middle Chinese: tuwk, traewk

Rime
Character	啄	啄
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	端 (5)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	屋 (3)	覺 (10)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	II
Fanqie	丁木切	竹角切
Baxter	tuwk	traewk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tuk̚/	/ʈˠʌk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/tuk̚/	/ʈᵚɔk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/tuk̚/	/ȶɔk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/təwk̚/	/ʈaɨwk̚/
Li Rong	/tuk̚/	/ȶɔk̚/
Wang Li	/tuk̚/	/ȶɔk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/tuk̚/	/ȶɔk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	du	zhuo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	duk1	zok3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*mə-tˤ<r>ok/

  (Zhengzhang): /*rtoːɡ/, /*toːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	啄
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhuó
Middle Chinese	‹ træwk ›
Old Chinese	/*mə-tˁ<r>ok/
English	to peck
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	啄	啄
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	1620	1622
Phonetic component	豖	豖
Rime group	屋	屋
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	斲	𣫔
Old Chinese	/*rtoːɡ/	/*toːɡ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 啄

1. to peck (strike with the beak or bill)

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Japanese

Kanji

啄

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

• Go-on: たく (taku); つく (tsuku)
• Kan-on: たく (taku); とく (toku)
• Kun: ついばむ (tsuibamu, 啄む)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
啄
たく Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

Middle Chinese 啄

Noun

啄(たく) • (taku) 

1. the seventh of the Eight Principles of Yong

Hypernyms

• 永字八法(えいじはっぽう) (eiji happō, “the Eight Principles of Yong”)

Coordinate terms

• 側(そく) (soku, “the first of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
• 勒(ろく) (roku, “the second of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
• 努(ど) (do, “the third of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
• 趯(てき) (teki, “the fourth of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
• 策(さく) (saku, “the fifth of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
• 掠(りゃく) (ryaku, “the sixth of the Eight Principles of Yong”)
• 磔(たく) (taku, “the eighth of the Eight Principles of Yong”)

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Korean

Hanja

啄 • (tak) (hangeul 탁, revised tak, McCune–Reischauer t'ak)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 啄 (trác, trốc, chác)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.