tok

See also: Tok, tók, tök, -tok, -tök, and ток

Translingual

Symbol

tok

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Toki Pona.

Albanian

Etymology 1

An onomatopoeia, similar to Italian toccare (“to touch, to tap”).

Verb

tok (first-person singular past tense toka, participle tokë)

1. I cut (meat), sharpen (scythe), knock

Alternative forms

• toku

Derived terms

• toka

Related terms

• tokë
• cek

Etymology 2

A semantic variation of the above mentioned verb.

Adverb

tok

1. together

Azerbaijani

Etymology

From Russian ток (tok).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tok]

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

tok (definite accusative toku, plural toklar)

1. (colloquial) current (electric)

   onu tok vurdu ― he got an electric shock

   toka qoşmaq ― to power up, to plug in

   toka vermək ― to give electric shocks (in order to torture or kill)

   Synonym: cərəyan

Declension

Declension of tok
	singular	plural
nominative	tok	toklar
definite accusative	toku	tokları
dative	toka	toklara
locative	tokda	toklarda
ablative	tokdan	toklardan
definite genitive	tokun	tokların

Possessive forms of tok
	nominative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	tokum	toklarım
sənin (“your”)	tokun	tokların
onun (“his/her/its”)	toku	tokları
bizim (“our”)	tokumuz	toklarımız
sizin (“your”)	tokunuz	toklarınız
onların (“their”)	toku or tokları	tokları
	accusative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	tokumu	toklarımı
sənin (“your”)	tokunu	toklarını
onun (“his/her/its”)	tokunu	toklarını
bizim (“our”)	tokumuzu	toklarımızı
sizin (“your”)	tokunuzu	toklarınızı
onların (“their”)	tokunu or toklarını	toklarını
	dative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	tokuma	toklarıma
sənin (“your”)	tokuna	toklarına
onun (“his/her/its”)	tokuna	toklarına
bizim (“our”)	tokumuza	toklarımıza
sizin (“your”)	tokunuza	toklarınıza
onların (“their”)	tokuna or toklarına	toklarına
	locative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	tokumda	toklarımda
sənin (“your”)	tokunda	toklarında
onun (“his/her/its”)	tokunda	toklarında
bizim (“our”)	tokumuzda	toklarımızda
sizin (“your”)	tokunuzda	toklarınızda
onların (“their”)	tokunda or toklarında	toklarında
	ablative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	tokumdan	toklarımdan
sənin (“your”)	tokundan	toklarından
onun (“his/her/its”)	tokundan	toklarından
bizim (“our”)	tokumuzdan	toklarımızdan
sizin (“your”)	tokunuzdan	toklarınızdan
onların (“their”)	tokundan or toklarından	toklarından
	genitive
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	tokumun	toklarımın
sənin (“your”)	tokunun	toklarının
onun (“his/her/its”)	tokunun	toklarının
bizim (“our”)	tokumuzun	toklarımızın
sizin (“your”)	tokunuzun	toklarınızın
onların (“their”)	tokunun or toklarının	toklarının

Further reading

• “tok” in Obastan.com.

Chickasaw

Particle

tok

1. particle used to express actions in the past.

   Hatuk nakni aiya achumpa tok.

   That man went to town.

   (literally, “That man go town (past tense).”)

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech tok, from Proto-Slavic *tokъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtok]

• audio

  (file)

Noun

tok m inan

1. flow

Declension

Declension of tok (velar masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	tok	toky
genitive	toku	toků
dative	toku	tokům
accusative	tok	toky
vocative	toku	toky
locative	toku	tocích
instrumental	tokem	toky

Further reading

• tok in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• tok in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
• tok in Internetová jazyková příručka

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtok]

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: tok
• Rhymes: -ok

Etymology 1

Unknown.

Noun

tok (plural tokok)

1. holder
2. case
3. cover
4. sheath

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	tok	tokok
accusative	tokot	tokokat
dative	toknak	tokoknak
instrumental	tokkal	tokokkal
causal-final	tokért	tokokért
translative	tokká	tokokká
terminative	tokig	tokokig
essive-formal	tokként	tokokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	tokban	tokokban
superessive	tokon	tokokon
adessive	toknál	tokoknál
illative	tokba	tokokba
sublative	tokra	tokokra
allative	tokhoz	tokokhoz
elative	tokból	tokokból
delative	tokról	tokokról
ablative	toktól	tokoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	toké	tokoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	tokéi	tokokéi

Possessive forms of tok
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	tokom	tokjaim
2nd person sing.	tokod	tokjaid
3rd person sing.	tokja	tokjai
1st person plural	tokunk	tokjaink
2nd person plural	tokotok	tokjaitok
3rd person plural	tokjuk	tokjaik

Derived terms

• tokmány

(Compound words):

• portok
• tokkal-vonóval

Etymology 2

Uncertain. Perhaps borrowed from Turkic, probably before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries). Compare also Armenian թուխու (tʿuxu, “sturgeon”).

Noun

tok (plural tokok)

2. sturgeon (a type of fish)

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	tok	tokok
accusative	tokot	tokokat
dative	toknak	tokoknak
instrumental	tokkal	tokokkal
causal-final	tokért	tokokért
translative	tokká	tokokká
terminative	tokig	tokokig
essive-formal	tokként	tokokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	tokban	tokokban
superessive	tokon	tokokon
adessive	toknál	tokoknál
illative	tokba	tokokba
sublative	tokra	tokokra
allative	tokhoz	tokokhoz
elative	tokból	tokokból
delative	tokról	tokokról
ablative	toktól	tokoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	toké	tokoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	tokéi	tokokéi

Possessive forms of tok
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	tokom	tokjaim
2nd person sing.	tokod	tokjaid
3rd person sing.	tokja	tokjai
1st person plural	tokunk	tokjaink
2nd person plural	tokotok	tokjaitok
3rd person plural	tokjuk	tokjaik

Further reading

• (case, sheath): tok in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• (sturgeon): tok in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Kokborok

Alternative forms

• tau

Etymology

From Proto-Bodo-Garo *tao² (“bird”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *daw (“bird”). Cognate with Bodo (India) दाव (dao), Atong (India) taw·, Garo do·o.

Noun

tok

1. bird

References

• Debbarma, Binoy (2001), “tok”, in Concise Kokborok-English-Bengali Dictionary, Language Wing, Education Department, TTAADC, →ISBN, page 129

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

tok

1. simple past of ta

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

tok

1. past tense of ta, taka

Polabian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *takъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɔk/

Pronoun

tok

1. such

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɔk/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔk
• Syllabification: tok
• Homophone: tog

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Polish tok, from Proto-Slavic *tokъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *takas, from Proto-Indo-European *tokʷos, from *tekʷ-.

Noun

tok m inan

1. process

   Synonyms: proces, przebieg

2. course

   tok zdarzeń ― course of events

3. (in certain collocations) train

   tok myślenia ― train of thought

4. current (part of a fluid that moves continuously in a certain direction)
5. (ornithology) courtship display

Declension

Declension of tok

	singular	plural
nominative	tok	toki
genitive	toku	toków
dative	tokowi	tokom
accusative	tok	toki
instrumental	tokiem	tokami
locative	toku	tokach
vocative	toku	toki

Derived terms

nouns

• łojotok
• łzotok
• płynotok
• ropotok
• ślinotok
• tokowisko

 

preposition

• w toku

 

Related terms

nouns

• potok

 

verb

• toczyć impf

 

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French toque, from Middle French toque, from Arabic طَاقِيَّة‎ (ṭāqiyya).

Noun

tok m inan

1. (archaic) toque (type of hat)

   Synonym: toczek

Declension

Declension of tok

	singular	plural
nominative	tok	toki
genitive	toku	toków
dative	tokowi	tokom
accusative	tok	toki
instrumental	tokiem	tokami
locative	toku	tokach
vocative	toku	toki

Further reading

• tok in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• tok in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *tokъ. Cognate to e-grade tȅći.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tôːk/

Noun

tȏk m (Cyrillic spelling то̑к)

1. flow
2. stream, current
3. flux

   sv(j)etlosni tok ― luminous flux

   energijski tok ― energy flux

4. (Croatia) movement in space (as opposed to time, compare tijȇk)

Declension

Declension of tok

	singular	plural
nominative	tȏk	tókovi
genitive	toka	tokova
dative	toku	tokovima
accusative	tok	tokove
vocative	toče	tokovi
locative	toku	tokovima
instrumental	tokom	tokovima

Derived terms

• pòtok
• prítok
• pròtok
• tȏkom

 

Etymology 2

From Ottoman Turkish طوقه‎ (compare Turkish toka).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tôːk/

Noun

tȏk m (Cyrillic spelling то̑к)

1. (regional) sheath, scabbard

   Synonym: korice

Declension

Declension of tok

	singular	plural
nominative	tȏk	tòkovi
genitive	toka	tokova
dative	toku	tokovima
accusative	tok	tokove
vocative	toče	tokovi
locative	toku	tokovima
instrumental	tokom	tokovima

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tokъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tok]

Noun

tok m inan (genitive singular toku, nominative plural toky, genitive plural tokov, declension pattern of dub)

1. flow
2. current

Declension

Declension of tok

	singular	plural
nominative	tok	toky
genitive	toku	tokov
dative	toku	tokom
accusative	tok	toky
locative	toku	tokoch
instrumental	tokom	tokmi

Further reading

• tok in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk

Slovene

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *tokъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tóːk/

Noun

tọ̑k m inan

1. current

Inflection

Masculine inan., hard o-stem, plural in -ôv-
nom. sing.	tók
gen. sing.	tóka
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	tók	tokôva	tokôvi
genitive (rodȋlnik)	tóka	tokôv	tokôv
dative (dajȃlnik)	tóku	tokôvoma	tokôvom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	tók	tokôva	tokôve
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	tóku	tokôvih	tokôvih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	tókom	tokôvoma	tokôvi

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing.	tók
gen. sing.	tóka
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	tók	tóka	tóki
genitive (rodȋlnik)	tóka	tókov	tókov
dative (dajȃlnik)	tóku	tókoma	tókom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	tók	tóka	tóke
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	tóku	tókih	tókih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	tókom	tókoma	tóki

Etymology 2

From Hungarian tok.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɔ́k/, /tóːk/

Noun

tȍk or tọ̑k m inan

1. holder
2. case

Inflection

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing.	tòk
gen. sing.	tóka
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	tòk	tóka	tóki
genitive (rodȋlnik)	tóka	tókov	tókov
dative (dajȃlnik)	tóku	tókoma	tókom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	tòk	tóka	tóke
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	tóku	tókih	tókih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	tókom	tókoma	tóki

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing.	tók
gen. sing.	tóka
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	tók	tóka	tóki
genitive (rodȋlnik)	tóka	tókov	tókov
dative (dajȃlnik)	tóku	tókoma	tókom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	tók	tóka	tóke
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	tóku	tókih	tókih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	tókom	tókoma	tóki

Further reading

• “tok”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Southeastern Tepehuan

Etymology

Cognate with Northern Tepehuan tóki, O'odham toki.

Noun

tok

1. cotton

References

• R. de Willett, Elizabeth, et al. (2016) Diccionario tepehuano de Santa María Ocotán, Durango (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 48)‎^[1] (in Spanish), electronic edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 168

Swedish

Etymology

Dialectal, perhaps of imitative origin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tuːk/

  (file)

Noun

tok c

1. crazy person, fool, wacko
2. shrubby cinquefoil (short form of ölandstok)

Declension

Declension of tok
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	tok	token	tokar	tokarna
Genitive	toks	tokens	tokars	tokarnas

Related terms

• på tok
• toka
• tokig
• tokighet
• tokrolig
• tokstolle

 

References

• “tok”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy]‎^[2] (in Swedish), 1937

Anagrams

• okt

Tok Pisin

This entry has fewer than three known examples of actual usage, the minimum considered necessary for clear attestation, and may not be reliable. Tok Pisin is subject to a special exemption for languages with limited documentation. If you speak it, please consider editing this entry or adding citations. See also Help and the Community Portal.

Etymology

From English talk.

Noun

tok

1. message; news; speech; announcement
   • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 1:22:

     Na God i mekim gutpela tok bilong givim strong long ol. Em i tokim ol olsem, “Yupela ol kain kain samting bilong solwara, yupela i mas kamap planti na pulapim olgeta hap bilong solwara. Na yupela ol pisin, yupela i mas kamap planti long graun.”

     →New International Version translation

2. rumour
3. word
4. language

Derived terms

• bekim tok
• Tok Pisin
• Tok Pisin bilong Solomon
• tokples

 

Related terms

• toktok

Verb

tok intrans., transitive tokim

1. (intransitive) to speak, talk
   • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 1:3:

     Na God i tok olsem, “Lait i mas kamap.” Orait lait i kamap.

     And God said this, "Light must appear." So light appeared.

Related terms

• tokim

Turkish

Etymology

From Old Turkic [script needed] (tok, “full”), from tod-/to- (“to become satiated, to fill”). Related to dolmak and doymak.

Adjective

tok

1. sated, full (not hungry)

   Synonym: doymuş

2. (on prescriptions for medication) not having an empty stomach

Antonyms

• aç

Derived terms

• tokluk

Vilamovian

Etymology

From Middle High German tocke, from Old High German toccha (“doll”), from Proto-Germanic *dokko (“something round”), related to *dukkǭ (“muscle, strength”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeu-k- (“to spin, shake”); cognate with German Docke (“corn dolly”).

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

tok f (plural toka, diminutive takla)

1. doll

References

• Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.