塘

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

塘 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 土戈中口 (GILR), four-corner 4016₇, composition ⿰土唐)

Derived characters

• 䕋

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 235, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5340
• Dae Jaweon: page 473, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 473, character 20
• Unihan data for U+5858

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		塘

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (庚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
唐	*ɡl'aːŋ
煻	*l'aːŋ
糖	*l'aːŋ
搪	*l'aːŋ
蓎	*l'aːŋ
瑭	*l'aːŋ
餹	*l'aːŋ
篖	*l'aːŋ
螗	*l'aːŋ
塘	*l'aːŋ
鶶	*l'aːŋ
赯	*l'aːŋ
磄	*l'aːŋ
溏	*l'aːŋ
傏	*l'aːŋ
鎕	*l'aːŋ
榶	*l'aːŋ
嵣	*l'aːŋʔ, *l'aːŋs
庚	*kraːŋ
賡	*kraːŋ
鹒	*kraːŋ
康	*kʰlaːŋ
穅	*kʰlaːŋ
糠	*kʰlaːŋ
槺	*kʰlaːŋ
漮	*kʰlaːŋ
躿	*kʰlaːŋ
慷	*kʰlaːŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'aːŋ) : semantic 土 (“dirt”) + phonetic 唐 (OC *ɡl'aːŋ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): táng (tang²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄤˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tong⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thòng
• Northern Min (KCR): dǒ̤ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): dòng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tông / tn̂g

  (Teochew, Peng'im): deng⁵ / tang⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: táng
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: táng
    • Wade–Giles: tʻang²
    • Yale: táng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarng
    • Palladius: тан (tan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɑŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: tong⁴
    • Yale: tòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tong⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: tong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɔːŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thòng
    • Hakka Romanization System: tongˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tong²
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰoŋ¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dǒ̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔŋ²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dòng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /touŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tông / tn̂g
    • Tâi-lô: tông / tn̂g
    • Phofsit Daibuun: doong, dngg
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tɔŋ²⁴/, /tŋ̍²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔŋ²⁴/, /tŋ̍²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɔŋ¹³/, /tŋ̍¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tɔŋ²⁴/, /tŋ̍²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɔŋ²³/, /tŋ̍²³/

Note:

• tông - literary;
• tn̂g - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: deng⁵ / tang⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tṳ̂ng / thâng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɯŋ⁵⁵/, /tʰaŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

• deng5 - vernacular;
• tang5 - literary.

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• Middle Chinese: dang

Rime
Character	塘
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒郎切
Baxter	dang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/daŋ/
Li Rong	/dɑŋ/
Wang Li	/dɑŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	táng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tong4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m.rˤaŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*l'aːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	塘
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	táng
Middle Chinese	‹ dang ›
Old Chinese	/*m.rˁaŋ/ (~ *mə.rˁaŋ)
English	dam, dike
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	塘
Reading #	1/1
No.	3968
Phonetic component	庚
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	唐
Old Chinese	/*l'aːŋ/
Notes	見莊子國語

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 塘

1. pond
2. tank
3. dike, embankment

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Japanese

Kanji

塘

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: どう (dō)
• Kan-on: とう (tō)
• Kun: つつみ (tsutsumi); とも (tomo)

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Korean

Hanja

塘 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 塘 (đường, đàng)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.