氷

See also: 冰 and 永

氷 U+6C37, 氷 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C37 ← 氶 [U+6C36] CJK Unified Ideographs 永 → [U+6C38]

Translingual

Stroke order

Traditional	冰
Simplified	冰
Japanese	氷
Korean	氷

Alternative forms

• 冫 (when used as a left Chinese radical)

Han character

氷 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+1, 5 strokes, Cangjie input 戈水 (IE), four-corner 3223₀, composition ⿻水丶)

Derived characters

• Appendix:Chinese radical/冫
• 𭇛, 𬇟, 𤝣, 𣐚, 砯, 𬵌, 𬦋, 𫑌, 𬩏

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 603, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17087
• Dae Jaweon: page 996, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1546, character 4
• Unihan data for U+6C37

Usage notes

This character is listed as the unorthodox form (俗字) of 冰 in the Kangxi dictionary.

Chinese

For pronunciation and definitions of 氷 – see 冰 (“ice; ice-cold; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 冰).

Japanese

Kanji

氷

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: ひょう (hyō, Jōyō)^{←ひよう (fyou, historical)}
• Kan-on: ひょう (hyō, Jōyō)^{←ひよう (fyou, historical)}
• Kun: こおり (kōri, 氷, Jōyō)^{←こほり (kofori, 氷, historical)}、ひ (hi, 氷, Jōyō)^{←ひ (fi, 氷, historical)}、こおる (kōru, 氷る)^{←こほる (koforu, 氷る, historical)}、つらら (tsurara)
• Nanori: きよ (kiyo)、すい (sui)

Compounds

• 氷柱(つらら) (tsurara, “icicle”)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
氷
こおり Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Alternative spellings
凍り 冰 (uncommon)

氷 (kōri): a block of ice.

⟨ko₂pori⟩ → */kəpori/ → /koɸori/ → /kowori/ → /koːri/

From Old Japanese.

The 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 凍(こお)る (kōru, “to freeze”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ko̞ːɾʲi]
• (Tokyo) こおり [kòórí] (Heiban – [0])

Noun

氷(こおり) • (kōri) ^{←こほり (kofori)?}

1. ice (frozen water)
   • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 1, page 46:

     氷　四聲字苑云：「水寒凍結也。」筆凌反［和名：比又古保利］

     Ice - according to the Sisheng Ziyuan: cold water, frozen and solidified. (Chinese fanqie: 筆凌; Japanese name: hi or kōri)

2. a cold and sharp object, as a shard of ice
3. short for 氷水 (kōrimizu): ice water; water filled with ice
4. short for 氷襲 (kōrigasane): layered clothing with the front shining white and plain white at the back

Derived terms

• 氷(こおり)襲(がさね) (kōri-gasane)
• 氷(こおり)水(みず) (kōrimizu)
• 氷(こおり)屋(や) (kōriya)
• 薄(うす)氷(ごおり) (usugōri, “thin ice”)
• かき氷(ごおり) (kakigōri)
• 氷(こおり)砂(ざ)糖(とう) (kōrizatō)
• 棚(たな)氷(こおり) (tanakōri)
• 初(はつ)氷(ごおり) (hatsugōri)

Descendants

• → Amis: koli

Proper noun

氷(こおり) • (Kōri) ^{←こほり (Kofori)?}

1. a female given name
2. a surname

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
氷
ひ Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
冰 (uncommon)

⟨pi₁⟩ → */pʲi/ → /ɸi/ → /hi/

From Old Japanese. Attested in the Man'yōshū of circa 759 CE.

Possibly cognate with 冷える (hieru, “to become cold”).

Compare Middle Chinese 冰 (MC ping).

Noun

氷(ひ) • (hi) 

1. ice (frozen water)

   Synonym: アイス (aisu)

   • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 1, page 46:

     氷　四聲字苑云：「水寒凍結也。」筆凌反［和名：比又古保利］

     Ice - according to the Sisheng Ziyuan: cold water, frozen and solidified. (Chinese fanqie: 筆凌; Japanese name: hi or kōri)

2. hail (precipitated ice)

   Synonym: 雹 (hyō)

Derived terms

• 氷(ひ)川(かわ) (Hikawa)
• 氷(ひ)雨(さめ) (hisame)
• 氷(ひ)室(むろ) (himuro, “icehouse”)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
氷
ひょう Grade: 3
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 冰 (MC ping).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ço̞ː]

Affix

氷(ひょう) • (hyō) 

1. ice
2. freeze, congeal
3. icy, cold

Derived terms

• 雹(ひょう) (hyō, “hail”)
• 氷(ひょう)菓(か) (hyōka)
• 氷(ひょう)河(が) (hyōga)
• 氷(ひょう)塊(かい) (hyōkai)
• 氷(ひょう)海(かい) (hyōkai, “icy waters”)
• 氷(ひょう)解(かい) (hyōkai)
• 氷(ひょう)結(けつ) (hyōketsu)
• 氷(ひょう)山(ざん) (hyōzan)
• 氷(ひょう)上(じょう) (hyōjō)
• 氷(ひょう)釈(しゃく) (hyōshaku)
• 氷(ひょう)雪(せつ) (hyōsetsu)
• 氷(ひょう)柱(ちゅう) (hyōchū)
• 氷(ひょう)点(てん) (hyōten)
• 海(かい)氷(ひょう) (kaihyō)
• 堅(けん)氷(ぴょう) (kenpyō)
• 砕(さい)氷(ひょう) (saihyō)
• 製(せい)氷(ひょう) (seihyō)
• 薄(はく)氷(ひょう) (hakuhyō, “thin ice”)
• 霧(む)氷(ひょう) (muhyō)
• 流(りゅう)氷(ひょう) (ryūhyō)

See also

• アイス (aisu)
• 二(に)水(すい) (nisui, “‘ice’ radical”)

References

• “氷”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 冰 (MC ping). Recorded as Middle Korean 冰/비ᇰ (ping) (Yale: ping) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

氷 (eumhun 얼음 빙 (eoreum bing))

1. hanja form^? of 빙 (“ice”)

Compounds

• 결빙(結氷) (gyeolbing)
• 박빙(薄氷) (bakbing)
• 빙결(氷結) (binggyeol)
• 빙벽(氷壁) (bingbyeok)
• 빙붕(氷棚) (bingbung)
• 빙상(氷上) (bingsang)
• 빙수(氷水) (bingsu)
• 빙판(氷板) (bingpan)
• 빙하(氷河) (bingha)
• 해빙(解氷) (haebing)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

Han character

氷: Hán Việt readings: băng
氷: Nôm readings: băng, bâng, bưng, văng, phăng, băn, bẵng

1. Variant of 冰, see there for more details.
   • 1774, “徐式仙婚錄 [Từ Thức tiên hôn lục, The Tale of Từ Thức Marrying a Goddess]”, in 新編傳奇漫錄增補解音集註 [Tân biên Truyền kỳ mạn lục tăng bổ giải âm tập chú, Newly Edited Collection of Truyền kỳ mạn lục with Supplemented Annotations, Phonetic Explanations, and Collected Notes]‎^[4], volume 2, page 57a:

     㐱𥙩蒸姿質氷玉於边𳉃，麻固蒸盃論裙襖几𨕭代。

     Chỉn lấy chưng tư chất băng ngọc ở bên mây, mà có chưng vui lộn quần áo kẻ trên đời.

     Only with the aptitude of ice and jade by the clouds' edge, she indulges in the pleasures of worldly women.

2. chữ Nôm form of băng (“to cut across; to move across quickly; to cross; to rush”)
3. chữ Nôm form of bâng (“used in bâng khuâng (“wistful; dazed with longing; melancholic; sorrowful”)”)

Compounds

• 氷傾 (bâng khuâng)