鉻

See also: 铬

Translingual

Han character

鉻 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+6, 14 strokes, cangjie input 金竹水口 (CHER), four-corner 8716₄, composition ⿰金各)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1303, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40350
• Dae Jaweon: page 1804, character 24
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4200, character 8
• Unihan data for U+927B

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Chinese

trad.		鉻
simp.		铬

Chemical element
Cr
Previous: 釩／钒 (V)
Next: 錳／锰 (Mn)

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 鉻
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (各) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
髂	*kʰraːɡs
路	*ɡ·raːɡs
輅	*ɡ·raːɡs
賂	*ɡ·raːɡs
虂	*ɡ·raːɡs
露	*ɡ·raːɡs
潞	*raːɡs
鷺	*raːɡs
璐	*raːɡs
簬	*raːɡs
簵	*ɡ·raːɡs
洛	*ɡ·raːɡ
駱	*ɡ·raːɡ
絡	*ɡ·raːɡ
酪	*ɡ·raːɡ
烙	*ɡ·raːɡ
雒	*ɡ·raːɡ
珞	*ɡ·raːɡ
硌	*ɡ·raːɡ
袼	*ɡ·raːɡ, *klaːɡ
笿	*ɡ·raːɡ
鉻	*ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
鮥	*ɡ·raːɡ
鵅	*ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
挌	*ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
落	*ɡ·raːɡ
各	*klaːɡ
胳	*klaːɡ
閣	*klaːɡ
格	*klaːɡ, *kraːɡ
擱	*klaːɡ
恪	*kʰlaːɡ
愙	*kʰaːɡ
貉	*ɡlaːɡ, *mɡraːɡ
狢	*ɡlaːɡ
佫	*ɡlaːɡ
略	*ɡ·raɡ
茖	*kraːɡ
骼	*kraːɡ
觡	*kraːɡ
蛒	*kraːɡ
敋	*kraːɡ
客	*kʰraːɡ
喀	*kʰraːɡ
揢	*kʰraːɡ
額	*ŋɡraːɡ
峉	*ŋɡraːɡ
頟	*ŋɡraːɡ
詻	*ŋɡraːɡ
垎	*ɡraːɡ
楁	*ɡraːɡ

Etymology 1

Borrowed from New Latin chromium.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gè, luò (ge⁴, luo⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄜˋ, ㄌㄨㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gok³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kiak

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gè
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gè
    • Wade–Giles: ko⁴
    • Yale: gè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: geh
    • Palladius: гэ (gɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɤ⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: luò
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: luò
    • Wade–Giles: lo⁴
    • Yale: lwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luoh
    • Palladius: ло (lo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gok³
    • Yale: gok
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gok⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: gog³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔːk̚³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiak
    • Tâi-lô: kiak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiag
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiak̚⁵/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 鉻

1. (chemistry) chromium

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gé, gè (ge², ge⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄜˊ, ㄍㄜˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gok³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gé
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄜˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gé
    • Wade–Giles: ko²
    • Yale: gé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ger
    • Palladius: гэ (gɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɤ³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gè
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gè
    • Wade–Giles: ko⁴
    • Yale: gè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: geh
    • Palladius: гэ (gɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɤ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gok³
    • Yale: gok
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gok⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: gog³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔːk̚³/

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• Middle Chinese: kaek

Rime
Character	鉻
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	陌 (113)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古伯切
Baxter	kaek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠæk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚak̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kak̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨjk̚/
Li Rong	/kɐk̚/
Wang Li	/kɐk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kɐk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ge
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gak1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kraːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鉻
Reading #	2/2
No.	3902
Phonetic component	各
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	格
Old Chinese	/*kraːɡ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 鉻

1. ^† hook (weapon)

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to 落?”)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): luò (luo⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lok⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lo̍k

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: luò
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: luò
    • Wade–Giles: lo⁴
    • Yale: lwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luoh
    • Palladius: ло (lo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: lok⁶
    • Yale: lohk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lok⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: log⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔːk̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lo̍k
    • Tâi-lô: lo̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lok
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lɔk̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lɔk̚⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: lak

Rime
Character	鉻
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	盧各切
Baxter	lak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lak̚/
Li Rong	/lɑk̚/
Wang Li	/lɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/lɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	luò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lok6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·raːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鉻
Reading #	1/2
No.	3876
Phonetic component	各
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	落
Old Chinese	/*ɡ·raːɡ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 鉻

1. ^† to have one's head shaved

References

• “鉻”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

鉻

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. (chemistry) chromium

Readings

• On (unclassified): きゃく (kyaku); らく (raku); かく (kaku)

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Korean

Hanja

鉻 (eum 락 (rak))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

鉻: Hán Nôm readings: lạc, các

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.