consul
English
Etymology
Pronunciation
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Noun
consul (plural consuls)
- (historical) Either of the two heads of government and state of the Roman Republic or the equivalent nominal post under the Roman and Byzantine Empires.
- (historical) Any of the three heads of government and state of France between 1799 and 1804.
- (obsolete) A count or earl.
- (obsolete) A councillor, particularly:
- (historical) A member of early modern city councils in southern France and Catalonia.
- (historical) An officer of the trading and merchant companies of early modern England.
- (historical) An official in various early modern port and trading towns, elected by resident foreign merchants to settle disputes among themselves and to represent them to the local authorities.
- (by extension) An official residing in major foreign towns to represent and protect the interests of the merchants and citizens of his or her country.
- (obsolete) A counsellor.
- c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 312, column 1:
- And many of the Conſuls, rais'd and met,
Are at the Dukes already.
- 1609, The Holie Bible, […] (Douay–Rheims Bible), Doway: Lavrence Kellam, […], →OCLC, Iob 3:14, page 1065:
- With kinges and conſules of the earth, which build themſelves ſolitarie places:
Synonyms
- (count): See count
- (councillor): See councillor
- (early modern councilmen of southern France and Catalonia): capitoul (Toulouse)
- (counsellor): See counsellor
Derived terms
Derived terms
Related terms
Related terms
Translations
official who protects the interests of citizens
|
either of the two highest-ranking officials of the Roman republic
See also
References
Anagrams
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch consul, from Latin cōnsul.
Pronunciation
Noun
consul m (plural consuls)
- consul (official in foreign country)
- (historical) consul (of the Roman Republic)
French
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Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
consul m (plural consuls, feminine consule)
Synonyms
Related terms
Descendants
- → Turkish: konsül
Further reading
- “consul”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
Latin
Alternative forms
- (in oblique cases): cōnsul. (abbreviation)
Etymology
From Old Latin consol.[1] Root noun to cōnsulō.[2]
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈkon.sul/, [ˈkõːs̠ʊɫ̪]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈkon.sul/, [ˈkɔnsul]
Noun
cōnsul m (genitive cōnsulis); third declension
- consul: either of the two highest-ranking officials of the Roman republic, elected annually
- 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations[1]:
- O tempora, o mores! Senatus haec intellegit, consul videt; hic tamen vivit. Vivit?
- "Shame on the age and on its principles! The senate is aware of these things; the consul sees them; and yet this man lives. Lives? "
- O tempora, o mores! Senatus haec intellegit, consul videt; hic tamen vivit. Vivit?
- a proconsul
- the highest magistrate in other states
- an epithet of the god Jupiter
Declension
Third-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | cōnsul | cōnsulēs |
Genitive | cōnsulis | cōnsulum |
Dative | cōnsulī | cōnsulibus |
Accusative | cōnsulem | cōnsulēs |
Ablative | cōnsule | cōnsulibus |
Vocative | cōnsul | cōnsulēs |
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
References
- “consul”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “consul”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- consul in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- consul in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to be chosen consul at the elections: comitiis consulem creari
- to elect a consul: consulem creare
- to declare a person consul-elect: aliquem consulem declarare (Leg. Agr. 2. 2. 4)
- to officially proclaim (by the praeco, herald) a man elected consul; to return a man consul: aliquem consulem renuntiare (De Or. 2. 64. 260)
- twice consul: bis consul
- consul for the second, third time: iterum, tertium consul
- consul for the sixth, seventh time: sextum (Pis. 9. 20), septimum consul
- (ambiguous) the augurs announce an unfavourable sign: augures obnuntiant (consuli) (Phil. 2. 33. 83)
- (ambiguous) let the consuls take measures for the protection of the state: videant or dent operam consules, ne quid res publica detrimenti capiat (Catil. 1. 2. 4)
- (ambiguous) to go to Cilicia as pro-consul: pro consule in Ciliciam proficisci
- to be chosen consul at the elections: comitiis consulem creari
- consul in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700[3], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
- “consul”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
- ^ “console” in: Alberto Nocentini, Alessandro Parenti, “l'Etimologico — Vocabolario della lingua italiana”, Le Monnier, 2010, →ISBN
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “consulo”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 131
Norman
Etymology
Noun
consul m (plural consuls)
Related terms
- consulat (“consulate”)
Categories:
- English terms derived from Latin
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with historical senses
- English terms with obsolete senses
- English terms with quotations
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Latin
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -s
- Dutch masculine nouns
- Dutch terms with historical senses
- nl:Occupations
- French terms borrowed from Latin
- French terms derived from Latin
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- Latin terms inherited from Old Latin
- Latin terms derived from Old Latin
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin third declension nouns
- Latin masculine nouns in the third declension
- Latin masculine nouns
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook
- Norman terms derived from Latin
- Norman lemmas
- Norman nouns
- Norman masculine nouns
- Jersey Norman
- nrf:Government